Since middle school students have memorized ancient poems during their holidays, our first unit will begin with the ancient poems in Lesson 4. ? The four ancient poems in the fourth lesson are all poems mainly about scenery and lyricism. In junior high school, especially junior one students, the general requirement is that students can describe the scenery and express their feelings. There is no need to appreciate and guide poetry in terms of artistic techniques, artistic features, images and artistic conception.
But for freshmen, the biggest problem is how to guide them to transform the pictures in ancient poetry into pictures in their own language. This process is very difficult, and there will be three links to be studied:
The picture of poetic language-the picture of students' mind-the picture described by students
? The first is the poetic language picture, which is the understanding and interpretation of the text. For example, accurate understanding and literal understanding of new words. This depends on repeated emphasis in class, and it is necessary to guide students to truly understand the specific words in the sentence. But this still does not mean that students can describe the picture content of sentences; Students should also be able to form pictures in their minds, and with pictures, they can be regarded as further understanding.
The second is to form pictures in the mind and guide students to form associative imagination. On the basis of understanding literal meaning, we should not only understand emotions, overall atmosphere and specific situations, but also form specific images in students' minds with the help of repeated reading and emotional recitation. Just like being there, only in this way can students feel more, but it still doesn't mean that students can describe the content pictures in sentences with words, which can only stimulate their interest in learning, cause them to sing with poetic scenes, and lay the foundation for them to better describe in their own language.
Third, the language organization, forms the picture characters described by oneself, and maintains the consistency of the artistic conception connotation of ancient poetry. This is a qualitative leap. Students must have a certain language organization ability, so it is possible to paraphrase the pictures formed in their minds into words and express them accurately and vividly. How to train the organizational ability of language?
The organization of language, on the one hand, comes from the accumulation of vocabulary, on the other hand, from whether the pictures in the mind are concrete; Third, it comes from whether the thinking is clear, and the thinking comes from the structure. The structure is clear, the expression is natural and smooth, and the clarity of the structure comes from the angle. From which point of view, the natural thinking is clear and the structure is clear. Judging from the interpretation of ancient poetry, it is necessary to make clear the subject, predicate and object, and to make clear the expression object of the sentence.
For example, Jieshi looks at the sea in the East.
1, literal meaning, meaning explanation: east, east, east; Come, get on the boat, arrive, get on the boat. Jieshi, the name of the mountain, is in the northwest of Qinhuangdao, Hebei Province. When you reach the top of the mountain, you should be able to see the Bohai Sea from a distance. It should also be noted that the target of this sentence is Cao Cao, who is ambitious at this time to pacify the war in the north. Autumn.
2. Imagine the scene to form a mental picture: students should have no difficulty in forming a mental picture of this sentence, but if they form a specific and clear picture, they need guidance, such as Cao Cao, the bleak autumn wind, the dense jungle under the mountain, the vast and magnificent sea in front of them, and the towering islands in the sea. What are the elements in this picture? Without guidance, students' thinking in images is difficult to be complete and delicate.
3, into their own language, accurately reflect the picture in the poem and the feelings of the characters in the picture. People are clear, what kind of people, what kind of scenery is clear, what kind of scenery and organization language need to be expressed fluently, which requires repeated training.
Topic 2: How can we guide students not to be afraid of writing?
All the excellent landscape writing of writers is based on the use of senses, and we put forward the "six-root" composition method.
That is, we perceive the world with the help of the six physiological functions of eyes, ears, nose, tongue, body and heart (heart), and produce cognition and judgment, that is, what we see, hear, taste, touch, do, think and feel, and make a detailed and in-depth description on this basis. For junior high school students, the first thing to cultivate is observation ability, that is, writing formed by observation ability, that is, non-fiction writing formed by vision and hearing.
Tell what you have seen and heard truthfully, and guide students to record real life.
Many children have fear and rejection of writing. A fundamental reason is that they have to fill in the content, so now they are only allowed to write real and experienced life. Just guide them to learn to observe and express according to what they have observed.
The process of writing is the process of translating what you see and hear into words. The significance of this transformation process is to record your life and leave a written memory for your life. Therefore, writing, I advocate non-fiction. Rather than fictional writing, it is better to observe with "six roots".
The reason why a child is a child is because he is unborn or underdeveloped, so he is so heartless, carefree, happy and without too much trouble. It is precisely because the six roots have not been opened, their perception of life and nature in the world is still shallow and numb, and they have not felt or realized that they are not immersed in the richness of life, the mystery of sound, the diversity of taste, the charm of touch, and the resulting judgment and the taste of difference. They are still in the "six cleanness" of the original ecology, and of course they can't describe the complexity and diversity of life and the beauty and wonder of nature in their own language.
The process of children's growth is the process of developing and activating their own "six roots", and it is also the process of making children infatuated, obsessed and fond of the world, life and life, and at the same time producing all kinds of troubles, anxiety, pain and entanglement.
Writing, at this time, happened wonderfully.
To put it more bluntly, it is to fully mobilize children's senses such as vision, hearing, smell and touch. , and from the perspective of color, luster, sound, texture, taste, distance, height, reality, movement, internal and external, cold and warm, etc., describe things hierarchically and orderly and express their psychology.
In other words, let six give birth to six, let six give birth to words, let words give birth to lotus, and beautiful words will naturally come.
Topic 3: How do we read the whole The Journey to the West?
Reading the whole book is not only the basic requirement of national curriculum, but also the important content of daily examination, and it is also the main way to improve students' Chinese literacy, understanding ability and imagination ability. This semester's reading of Journey to the West is mainly divided into five stages, with four reading guides, which gradually guide students to change from skimming to intensive reading and from rough knowledge to intensive reading. At the same time, keep accumulating good words and sentences and do a good job of extraction and guidance.
? Basic requirements:
? All reading should be sorted out, all reading should be extracted, all reading should be summarized, all reading should be shared and all reading should be realized.
Step by step, step by step, first story, then characters, first interesting (plot), then interesting (language). Sketch first, then read intensively, briefly understand first, then ask questions.
? Reading process:
The first stage: based on the summer vacation, make a preliminary reading arrangement for Journey to the West.
? 1, put forward clear requirements and formulate detailed plans.
? (1) requires reading the original Journey to the West. Although there are some language reading obstacles, the elegance and beauty of the original text can't be replaced by the abridged version. Students of junior high school age can skim the main idea and appreciate the fun. Since The Journey to the West's works became popular in the society, they have been one of the basic reading masterpieces of children in China for hundreds of years, and it is completely normal for some incomprehensible points to appear. The interest of his works can not be concealed at all, and students will naturally feel the charm of his language driven by interest.
? (2) Reading the whole book required by students, after all, is different from daily recreational reading. It is the arrangement of learning tasks and the basic course on campus. Therefore, it is necessary to put forward certain learning requirements for students' reading, such as sorting out characters, summarizing plots, extracting paragraphs, thinking and exploring, and so on. These reading requirements and learning requirements based on the reading characteristics of Chinese subject must be very clear requirements for students.
? (3) The operation scheme is as follows:
? Skim through the book, write down the main characters of each chapter according to the names and contents of each chapter, briefly describe the main events of this chapter and briefly explain the meaning of the chapter name. Table "Brief reading table of chapter content: chapter number and chapter title; Main characters; Chapter I Major Events. (not less than 30 chapters)
? 2. Clever guidance to stimulate students' interest.
(1) Reading famous books should stimulate students' interest in learning and reading. Reading itself is fun and interesting, but it often becomes boring because of the teacher's task requirements, and even makes students bored. It is to give consideration to students' reading interests, and of course to reflect the rigor and seriousness of learning and thinking. After all, reading is not entertainment.
? (2) Interest guidance is as follows:
? A. If the characters in Journey to the West are your classmates, which character do you want to be friends with most? Why? Please write a description of making friends, no less than 400 words.
? B read a favorite chapter with your family in different roles and make a video. When reading aloud, read the tone and expression of the characters. Give the video to the teacher after school starts.
? 3, classroom communication and sharing, the teacher summed up and guided.
4, according to the time, in recognition of outstanding performance.
Hand in students' reading assignments in time, and praise students who have finished their homework carefully in each class to further stimulate students' reading interest, and send a list to parents for further praise, so as to stimulate students' reading interest again through parents. At the same time, excellent works are displayed.
(1) "Journey to the West in Yayuan Dialect, Reading for Beautiful China"-Excellent Works Exhibition of Zhang Hui's Tales in Journey to the West.
(2) Make friends with Journey to the West and walk with famous works —— Exhibition of Notes on Making Friends with Journey to the West (if Journey to the West is my classmate).
? The second stage: in the first month of school, put forward language accumulation requirements.
1. Overall arrangement:
In the first month of this semester, it is planned to improve the reading carding table (reading guidance table) and complete 3 1~50 times. The content of combing includes: chapter title, main characters, personality characteristics of characters, summary of chapter events and excerpts of good words in chapters. And there is at least one sharing class to share the understanding of good words and sentences. Sample preparation table is as follows. Note that students are not encouraged to print by computer, and the basic education stage is mainly based on students' handwriting. Forms can be printed:
? Reading Chapters of Journey to the West (Sample Table)
Reading date and reading time
Chapter number chapter title
Main character
Character character
important event
Summary of good words and sentences
? 2. Share the course presentation
3. Exhibition of Excellent Works
Topic 5: How do we pay attention to writing?
? In order to make the calligraphy practice continue better, it is necessary for us to set the calligraphy practice as a school-based course and then set up a calligraphy club in the school. The plan is implemented in the following stages:
The first stage:
1、? Organize the first hard-pen calligraphy competition to get a preliminary understanding of students' writing. (similar to the monthly exam of writing training)
2. Organize students to configure hard-pen Copybook for calligraphy and Mi Zige calligraphy books, and each student establishes his own calligraphy training file tracking file package to sort out his weekly and monthly calligraphy training results and compare them before and after.
According to the school schedule, write regularly for 20 minutes every Monday, Wednesday and Friday night.
According to the first calligraphy contest, each class will employ two calligraphy tutors to guide, supervise and demonstrate the 20-minute writing training.
5. Chinese teachers will give calligraphy training guidance and demonstration 3 minutes before Chinese vocabulary class or Chinese class.
6. Check and evaluate calligraphy homework once a week.
7. Daily writing training starts with radicals, training one radical every day and writing one word every day.
8. Hold the first calligraphy exhibition (the elegant garden is full of ink and the new brushwork is fragrant).
? The second stage:
1、? Organize the second Hard Pen Calligraphy Competition, and continue to create an atmosphere in which everyone can practice good handwriting. Organize selection and exhibitions to enrich campus cultural life.
2、? It is planned to invite the presidents of district and city calligraphy associations and other off-campus calligraphy celebrities to come to the school as voluntary tutors, and enrich campus characteristic courses with social resources. Once a month.
3. Continue to carry out targeted calligraphy training such as radicals and structures.
4、? Continue to train the calligraphy training guidance of small calligraphy instructors, and give full play to the role of students in driving students.
5. Organize the course of calligraphy instruction for nearly two months and form a copy.
A. Competition plan and competition
B, training sequence every night
C, classroom teacher-led sequence
D, calligraphy tutor instruction sequence
E, homework correction check order
F. Invite off-campus experts to teach voluntarily?
? The third stage:
1、? Organize the third calligraphy contest and appraisal exhibition. (similar to the monthly calligraphy exam)
2、? Organize the second off-campus expert calligraphy teaching, and the teaching target is mainly calligraphy tutors.
3. Continuously improve the process of calligraphy training.