Another well-known saying is that the ancient Min people worshipped snakes so much that they kept them at home. Therefore, when they reported the names of the imperial court, they created the word "people", which is the "door": at home; "worm": snake; "Min": It means keeping snakes at home. In recent years, the word "worm" has been translated into dragon in Xiamen, and there is a large stone carving with the word "min" in Bailuzhou Park on Xiamen Island, in which the word "worm" has been translated into "dragon". Fujian is located in the southeast of the motherland, on the coast of the East China Sea. Its land area is between 23 30 ′ and 28 22 ′ north latitude and between 65 438+015 50 ′ and 65 438+020 40 ′ east longitude. It is separated from Taiwan Province Strait in the east, across the sea from Taiwan Province Province, adjacent to Zhejiang Province in the northeast and Jiangxi Province in the northwest. Fujian belongs to East China. Fujian is a famous hometown of overseas Chinese in China, with10.88 million Fujian Chinese living all over the world. Among them, the Philippines, Malaysia and Indonesia have the most overseas Chinese from Fujian. Fujian has a long history and the closest relationship with Taiwan Province Province, and 80% of Taiwan Province compatriots are from Fujian. Fujian is located in the transportation hub of China's East China Sea and South China Sea, and it is one of the closest provinces in China to Southeast Asia, West Asia, East Africa and Oceania.
In the first year of Shang and Yuan Dynasties, Fujian Province was established, which governed the five states of Fu, Jian, Quan, Zhang and Ting. Fujian is named after the first two of the five states. Ming is located in Fujian province. In 2 1 year (733), Tang Kaiyuan established the Fujian Economic Mission, formerly known as Fujian. In the Southern Song Dynasty, there were 1 state, 5 states and 2 armies, so it was also called "Bamin".
There are two theories about the origin of the eight prefectures in Fujian. One is that Fujian was the land of Fujian in ancient times. The Northern Song Dynasty was divided into eight counties and eight armies, and the Southern Song Dynasty was divided into eight counties, eight counties and eight armies, so the Yuan Dynasty was called Bamin. The other is the statement in Ci Yuan: Fujian Province was divided into Fuzhou, Xinghua, Jianning, Yanping, Tingzhou, Shaowu, Quanzhou and Zhangzhou in the Yuan Dynasty, and changed to Eight Houses in the Ming Dynasty, so it was called Fujian Eight Houses. Jian, Yan, Shao and Ting are the upper four governments; Fu, Xing, Zhang, all belong to the next four houses. * * * Eight Houses, commonly known as "Fujian Eight Houses".
Historically, Fujian was the birthplace and trade distribution center of important cultures such as the Maritime Silk Road, Zheng He's voyages to the West and Islam. Fuzhou and Xiamen were once one of the five largest trading ports in China. Quanzhou was once the largest port in the ancient world. Mawei Port at the mouth of Minjiang River is the pioneer of modern shipbuilding industry in China and the cradle of training scientific and technological talents. Fujian has a long history, and there were human activities in primitive society. It belongs to a branch of the Guyue nationality and is called "Dongyue". During the Warring States Period, the State of Yue was defeated by Chu soldiers. Some of Yue's royal family fled south to Fujian and southern Zhejiang, and their descendants merged with Fujian people to become "Minyue people". After Qin Shihuang unified China in 22 1 BC, Fujian established Minzhong County, which first appeared on Chinese territory as an administrative division. There were five countries in the middle of the Tang Dynasty: Fu, Jian, Quan, Zhang and Ting. In the 21st year of Tang Kaiyuan (AD 733), border defense was strengthened; Set up "Fujian Economic Group". Thus came the word "Fujian". In the Five Dynasties, the king of Fujian established Fujian according to Fujian, which basically laid the provincial boundaries later. Fujian is also called "Eight Fujian". In the Southern Song Dynasty, Fujian built the L government, five states and two armies, and the government, state and army were administrative agencies at the same level, a total of eight, so it was called "Eight Min". After the Song Dynasty, the old system was basically continued. In the 23rd year of Kangxi (A.D. 1684), Taiwan Province was added, and in the 12th year of Guangxu (A.D. 1886), another province was established. In the late Qing Dynasty, Fujian * * * had 9 prefectures, 2 states, 58 counties and 6 halls. After the Revolution of 1911, in the second year of the Republic of China (A.D. 19 13), the prefecture-level system was abolished and a three-level system of provinces, prefectures and counties was established. After several adjustments, before liberation, there were 2 cities, 7 administrative supervision areas and 67 counties in the province. 1949 After the liberation of Fujian, there were 2 cities, 8 districts and 67 counties in Fujian. 195 1, add Quanzhou and Zhangzhou, and entrust the agency to lead. In the following 20 years, the administrative divisions were adjusted several times. Since the reform and opening up, Fujian has adjusted its administrative divisions according to its own characteristics, and the region has been changed to prefecture-level cities, forming a system of cities with counties. By the end of 2o00, there were 9 provincial cities in the province, including 4 county-level cities/kloc-0, 25 municipal districts and 46 counties (including kinmen county).
Fujian has a long history and its science and culture once flourished. 5,000 years ago, ancestors thrived here, creating a Tanshishan culture comparable to Yangshao culture and Hemudu culture. During the Three Kingdoms period, due to the development of shipbuilding and navigation technology, Fujian became Sun Wu's naval base and foreign trade port. From the Southern Song Dynasty to the Yuan Dynasty, Quanzhou became one of the largest commercial ports in the world and had trade relations with more than 65,438+000 countries and regions, forming the famous "Maritime Silk Road". In the Ming Dynasty, Zheng He made seven voyages to the West, docked in Fujian many times, recruited sailors, built ships and set sail from Fujian. In the fifth year of Tongzhi in Qing Dynasty, Fuzhou Shipping Bureau and the first naval school in China were founded in Mawei. It became the cradle of China's modern navy and shipbuilding industry. There are many talented people in Fujian history, including astronomer Su Song, Song Ci, the originator of world forensic medicine, thinker and writer Li Zhi, phonologist Chang Di, scholars and calligraphers Huang Daozhou and Cai Xiang, literati Yan Yu, Yang Yi and Liu Yong, historians Zheng Qiao and Yuan Shu, national heroes Zheng Chenggong and Lin Zexu, thinkers and translators Yan Fu and Lin Zexu. With their courage and dedication, they have made indelible contributions to the development and prosperity of the Chinese nation. In history, the people of Fujian have waged countless heroic struggles against oppression and aggression and have a glorious revolutionary tradition. Under the leadership of the * * * Production Party of China, the people of Fujian have dedicated thousands of outstanding sons and daughters of Qian Qian and made outstanding contributions to the liberation of the people of China. Fujian is one of the key old liberated provinces in China, and the old liberated areas are distributed in 62 counties (cities). There are 46 old counties (cities), 5 18 fellow villagers (towns), 7,772 old administrative villages and 29 19 revolutionary old villages.