From Su Shi's "Qian Chi Bi Fu" in the Northern Song Dynasty.
I. Excerpts from the original text
Perilla was very sad and sat in danger and asked the guest, "What is it?" The guest said, "The moon stars are rare, and blackbirds fly south. Isn't this a poem by Cao Mengde? Looking at Xiakou in the west and Wuchang in the east, the mountains and rivers are misty and gloomy. Isn't this because Meng Zhizhi was trapped in Zhou Lang? Fang Qi broke Jingzhou and went down to Jiangling, downstream to the east. He was thousands of miles long, wearing a flag, drinking wine and singing poems across the river, and became a hero in the world. Now, where is he?
My son and I are fishing on the river, making friends with fish, shrimp and elk, keeping a boat and keeping bottles for each other. It's a drop in the ocean to send a mayfly into the earth. Mourn a moment in my life and admire the infinity of the Yangtze River. Fly with the flying fairy, hold the bright moon, and grow up. I couldn't understand it at the moment, but I heard about it in Hengtai. "
Second, translation.
I also looked sad, adjusted my skirt and sat up straight, asking the guest, "Why is the flute so sad?" The guest replied: "The moon stars are rare, and birds fly south." Isn't this a poem by Cao Gong and Meng De? From here, you can see Xiakou in the west and Wuchang in the east. The mountains and rivers are contiguous, and at first glance, it is gloomy. Isn't that where Cao Mengde was besieged by Zhou Yu?
At the beginning, Jingzhou was captured, Jiangling was captured, and it went down the Yangtze River. His warships are connected end to end, stretching for thousands of miles, with flags covering the sky. Facing the great river, he poured wine and recited poems with a spear. He used to be a contemporary hero, but where is he now?
Besides, you and I are fishing and chopping wood in a small continent in the middle of the river, with fish and shrimp as partners and elk as friends. We are driving this boat on the river, raising cups and toasting each other, just like a mayfly in the vast world, as small as a millet in the sea.
Alas, sighing that our life is only a short moment, we can't help but envy the endless Yangtze River. I want to travel around the world hand in hand with the gods and embrace the bright moon forever. Knowing that these can't be realized after all, I have to turn my regret into a flute and entrust it to the sad autumn wind. "
Extended data
First, the creative background
Red Cliff Fu was written during Su Shi's relegation to Huangzhou.
Second, appreciate
This poem describes what the author and his friends saw and felt when they went boating in Chibi on a moonlit night. Taking the author's subjective feelings as a clue, through the form of subject-object question and answer, it reflects the author's liberation from boating on a moonlit night to drawing lessons from a painful experience and then to philosophy.
Quan Fu embodies its unique artistic conception in layout and structural arrangement, with profound emotions and profound implications, and has a high literary status in China literature.
The integration of emotion, scenery and reason, whether lyrical or argumentative, never leaves the scenery on the river and the story of Chibi, forming the integration of emotion, scenery and reason. From beginning to end, the scenery runs through, with romantic scenery as the main factor, supplemented by mountains and rivers. The author describes and discusses the wind and the moon.
The article is divided into three layers to express the author's complex and contradictory inner world: first, writing about boating on the river on a moonlit night, drinking wine and writing poems, so that people are immersed in the beautiful scenery and forget the secular happy mood; From the rise and fall of historical figures, I feel that life is short and changeable, so I fall into the depression of reality.
Finally, the philosophy of change and invariance is expounded, which shows that human beings and everything exist forever and show an optimistic attitude towards life. Scenery, lyricism and reasoning have reached a harmonious level.
Three. Brief introduction of the author
Su Shi (1037 65438+10.8-1August 24), also known as He Zhong, Tieguan Taoist, Dongpo layman, Su Dongpo, Su Xian, Han nationality, Meishan, Meizhou (now Sichuan)
The great blow of Wutai poetry case became the turning point of Su Shi's life. The new party insisted on killing Su Shi, and the ruling and opposition parties also launched rescue activities. Not only many elders who share the same political views with Su Shi wrote articles one after another, but even some reformists also advised Zongshen not to kill Su Shi.
Wang Anshi retired to Jinling at that time, and also wrote: "How about killing talents with saints?" With everyone's efforts, this poem case was finalized by Wang Anshi in one sentence, and Su Shi was given a lighter sentence and relegated to Huangzhou (now Huanggang, Hubei) as the deputy ambassador of the Youth League.
The position of Huangzhou's deputy envoy is quite humble and has no real power, while Su Shi has been disheartened after this campaign. After Su Shi took office, he was unhappy. He traveled to Chibi Mountain outside Huangzhou for many times, and wrote famous works such as "Red Cliff Fu", "Post-Red Cliff Fu" and "Niannujiao Chibi Nostalgia" to express his thoughts and feelings in exile.
In his spare time, he led his family to cultivate a sloping land in the east of the city to help make a living. The nickname "Dongpo lay man" was coined by Su Shi at this time.
Baidu encyclopedia-chibi fu