The origin of the surname Chang
It is said that in the Huangdi era five thousand years ago, there were quite a few ancient people with Chang as their surname. According to legend, the second concubine of the Gao Xin clan, the leader of the Zhou and Shang clans, was Chang Yi, who was famous for her ability to predict the twilight, new moon, twilight, and twilight of the moon. "Emperor's Chronicle" says that she was the second concubine of Emperor Ku and gave birth to Emperor Zhi. Since "Yi" and "娥" had the same sound in ancient times, the story of Chang'e flying to the moon in later generations may be based on Chang Yi's approximation of the moon. "Historical Records: The Chronicles of the Five Emperors" records that the Yellow Emperor "raised Fenghou, Li Mu, Chang Xian, and Dahong to govern the people." Chang Xian was appointed by the Yellow Emperor as Da Sikong (an official in charge of projects). This is the earliest record in history. Chang's surname. Zhang Man, a native of the Qing Dynasty, said in "Looking for the Origin of Surnames": "The Yellow Emperor made Chang Yi account for the moon, and Chang Xian was the Great Sikong, so the surname Chang should come from this." Xuanyuan Qiu, where the Yellow Emperor lived, is in the northwest of Xinzheng City, Henan Province. The capital of Ku was in Yanshi City, Henan Province today, so the earliest Chang surname in China came from Henan. Therefore, the surname Chang should be said to have existed five thousand years ago, and it is the Chang family in Henan.
It comes from the surname Ji, with Yi as its surname, and is a descendant of Uncle Kang, the Wei Dynasty in Xizhou. According to "Compilation of Yuanhe Surnames" and "Tongzhi Clan Brief", after King Wu of Zhou destroyed the Shang Dynasty, he granted his younger brother (the youngest son of King Wen) the title of Kangshufeng in Kangyi. Uncle Wei Kang, whose surname is Ji and given name is Feng, is the younger half-brother of Ji Fa, King Wu of Zhou Dynasty, and the ancestor of the Wei Kingdom. Therefore, "New Book of Tang Dynasty: Lineage of Prime Ministers" says: "The Chang family comes from the surname Ji. Wei Kangshu's descendants grew up in Changyi, so they took it as their surname." Later, Duke Zhou (brother of King Wu) transferred the area around the original Shang capital and the people of Yin The seven clans were granted titles to Uncle Kang and established the Wei Kingdom. Wei State became a vassal of Wei in 254 BC, and was destroyed by Qin in 209 BC. At the beginning of the Zhou Dynasty, the Duke of Zhou enfeoffed the princes, and the princes also enfeoffed fiefs. Wei Kangshu granted one of his sons the title of Chang (now southeast of Tengzhou City, Shandong Province). After the fall of Wei State, some of its descendants took the surname of Wei as the surname of the country, and some took the surname of Chang as the surname of the city. Historically, the surname Chang was called Zhengzong. At the same time, it cannot be ruled out that descendants of the Yin and Shang dynasties changed their surnames to Wei or Chang. It is the Chang surname of Shandong. Another surname "Chang" comes from the descendants of the Duke of Wu during the Warring States Period, and also comes from the surname Ji, which is what Luo Mi's "Lu Shi" of the Southern Song Dynasty says "the Queen of Wu has the Chang family". The founders of the Wu Kingdom were the uncles of Zhou Wen Wang Jichang and Zhong Yong, who established their capital in Wu (now Suzhou, Jiangsu Province). However, when and why the descendants of the Wu Kingdom became the Chang family, there are no ancient records, and further research is needed. According to "A Study of Surnames": "Empress Wu had the surname Chang", which was the Chang family in Jiangsu.
From the surname Heng, the surname was changed to avoid taboo. The name of Zhenzong of the Northern Song Dynasty was Zhao Heng. In ancient times, "Heng" and "Chang" had similar meanings, so to avoid the emperor's taboo, the surname was changed to Chang. The surname Heng originally came from the Duke of Chu, Heng Sigong. This is what Zheng Qiao of the Southern Song Dynasty said in "Tongzhi Clan Briefing": "There are also Hengs who avoided the Song Dynasty taboo and changed it to Chang". They mainly flourished along the coast of the East China Sea in today's Jiangsu Province.
Migration of the Chang surname
The Chang surname originated in the eastern part of present-day Shandong. Initially, the Chang surname was based in this place as its main reproduction center. At the end of the Warring States Period, the main branch of the Chang surname spread in places such as present-day Henan and southern Hebei, and was scattered in the north and south of the Yangtze River. In the early Han Dynasty, a family named Chang moved to Shanxi and formed a prominent family centered in Taiyuan County. At the same time, a prominent family has also formed in the place where the surname Chang originated in eastern Shandong. From the late Han Dynasty to the Three Kingdoms period, a branch of the Chang family moved to Sichuan. During the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, people surnamed Chang moved to Gansu. During the Sui and Tang Dynasties, Chang Gun, a native of Xinfeng (now Lintong, Shaanxi), moved to Fujian. In the Song Dynasty, most people with the Chang surname were distributed in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River in my country, and some people with the Chang surname moved to Fujian, Guangdong, and finally to Yunnan, Guizhou and other places. By the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the surname Chang had been widely spread in most parts of my country. After the Qing Dynasty, some Manchu people integrated into the Chang surname. Judging from reproduction and migration through the ages, the Chang surname is most widely distributed in Shanxi, Shandong, Henan, Shaanxi, Hebei, and Gansu in the north, followed by Jiangsu, Sichuan, and Zhejiang.
Genealogy of the Chang family
Shanxi: One hundred and fifty volumes of the Chang family genealogy, Taigu Chang family genealogy is not divided into volumes, Xia County Chang family genealogy is not divided into volumes
p>Jiangsu: Six Volumes of the Chang Family Genealogy of Fengxian County
Jiangxi: Wanzai Dabeimen Chang Family Genealogy (Uncounted Volumes)
Shandong: Ten of the Chang Family Genealogy of Tai'an Article
Hunan: The first volume of the six revised genealogies of the Chang family in Outang, Changsha (uncountable volumes)
Hebei: The first volume of the genealogy of eight generations of the Chang family in Luan County
Historical celebrities with the surname Chang
Chang Hui: There are many people with the surname Chang in history. There was Chang Hui from Taiyuan in the Western Han Dynasty. During Emperor Wu's reign, he accompanied Su Wu as an envoy to the Huns. He was detained for more than 10 years before being released, and later replaced Su Wu. He was a vassal state, well versed in the affairs of the Western Regions, and was promoted to the rank of General on the Right.
During the Three Kingdoms and Two Jin Dynasties, there were many prominent Chang family members in Jiangyuan, Shu County (now Chongqing, Sichuan), and the Chang family in Wen, Henan (now Wen County, Henan) developed into a prominent family.
Chang Chu: Chang Qian was responsible for Mao’s poetry and the Three Rites, and was famous for his Qing Dynasty. During the Eastern Jin Dynasty, there was a historian named Chang Chu, who served as a cavalry officer and other positions in the Cheng Han Dynasty. After entering the Jin Dynasty, he lived in Jiankang ( Today's Nanjing, Jiangsu), his "Huayang Guozhi" records the historical events of Bashu from ancient times to the third year of Yonghe (347) of Emperor Mu of the Eastern Jin Dynasty
Chang Lin: Chang Lin, a native of Wei Wen in the Three Kingdoms, was a senior official in agriculture. , was granted the title of Marquis of Gaoyang Township, and subsequently served as an official for many generations;
Chang Zhen: The 4th generation Sun Changzhen served as the prefect of Nan'an during the Northern Wei Dynasty, and moved to Liangzhou (ruling today's Wuwei, Gansu Province) to avoid chaos;
Chang Tan: Zhenzi Changtan, the official of Zhenyuan General;
Chang Shuang: Tanzi Changshuang, the official of Xuanwei General, was well versed in classics and history, and taught more than 700 disciples in a museum;
Chang Wentong: Shuangzi Chang Wentong was the governor of Xisima and Nantianshui in Leiguan Town; Wentong son Changjing was the general of official chariots and cavalry, secretary supervisor, and was granted the title of son of Puyang County. During the Sui and Tang Dynasties, the Chang family in Chang'an was relatively prosperous, and the Chang family in Xinfeng (now northeast of Lintong, Shaanxi Province) was also a Mao family. During the reign of Emperor Yang of the Sui Dynasty, Chang Jun was in charge of the garrison. In the third year of Daye (607), he went to the Red Earth Kingdom as an envoy and established diplomatic relations with it.
Chang Jian: In the Tang Dynasty, the poet Chang Jian and the eminent monk Chang Min went to India for a pilgrimage by sea. The merchant ship they were traveling on was in danger and sank midway. Chang Yan was appointed prime minister.
Changde: There is Changde in Mongolia. In the ninth year of Emperor Xianzong of Mongolia (1259), he was ordered to set out from Helin to visit the emperor's younger brother Xu Liewu in West Asia.
Chang Yuchun: Chang Yuchun, a famous general in the early Ming Dynasty, was brave and good at shooting, and made many military exploits. After his death, he pursued King Kaiping. There is also Chang Lun, a Sanqu writer. In the Qing Dynasty, there was an Islamic scholar in Shandong, Chang Zhimei, who was proficient in Persian. His Persian grammar "Haiwai Minahaki" was a must-read textbook for students in the Sutra Hall, as well as the governors Chang Ming and Chang Qing.
Chang Qiankun, Chang Xiangyu: In modern times, there are Chinese People's Liberation Army Lieutenant General Chang Qiankun, artist Chang Xiangyu, etc.
Chang Zhimei: An Islamic scholar from Shandong in the Qing Dynasty. (approximately 1610~1670) Founder of the Shandong School of Islamic Scripture Education in China. His courtesy name is Yonghua, or Yunhua, and his sutra name is Muhammad Hakim. Originally from Samarkand, Central Asia, he stayed in China when he went to Beijing with his uncle to donate lions when he was 9 years old. He was the fourth disciple of Hu Dengzhou and gave lectures in Jining, Shandong Province. He is knowledgeable and good at commenting on the Quran and Persian classics. He has his own opinions on the study of the Lord, which is called "Changxian Study". Both Arabic and Persian are taught in the teaching. The teaching methods and curriculum are different from the Shaanxi School founded by his teacher Hu Dengzhou, forming another independent school. His disciples are mainly awarded in the provinces of North China and Northeast China. When he was lecturing at Jining West Temple, he built more than 200 large and small buildings such as prayer halls, lecture halls, and dormitories, making it a rare large mosque in China. Author of "Farsi Grammar".
Chang Renxia: (1904-) A native of Yingshang, Anhui. Her nickname was Fusheng, her original name was Jia Xuan, and her courtesy name was Jiqing. Art historian and writer. Entered Nanjing Fine Arts College in 1922. In 1927, he participated in the Northern Expedition of the student army. After graduating from Central University in 1931, he stayed at the school to teach. In 1935, he studied at Tokyo Imperial University in Japan and studied the history of oriental art. Returned to China the following year. Secretary Zhou Enlai in 1938. In 1943, he went to Kunming and served as a professor at the Oriental Languages ??School. He joined the China Democratic League and participated in the democratic movement with Li Gongpu and others. In 1945, he went to India and served as professor at Rabindranath Tagore University. After returning to China in January 1949, he served as a professor at the Central Academy of Fine Arts, joined the Chinese Writers' Association, the Drama Association, and the Artists Association, and was appointed as a member of the Overseas Chinese Committee. Later he served as professor and librarian of the Central Academy of Fine Arts, member of the Central Committee of the China Democratic League, member of the Standing Committee of the All-China Federation of Returned Overseas Chinese, and consultant to the ancient books compilation and publishing group of the State Council. He is the author of "Oriental Art Series", "Research on Han Painting Art", "Chinese Classical Art", "History of the Development of Southeast Asian Art", "History of Middle East and Near Eastern Art", "History of Chinese Dance", "History of Chinese Puppet and Shadow Puppet Art", "Research on Chinese Calligraphy", translated into "History of Japanese Painting", etc. Chang Can was a native of Jiangnan during the Jin Dynasty. He served as an official in the Han Dynasty, and later persuaded Li Shi to return to Huan Wen. He was promoted to join the army due to his meritorious service. He was also talented in literature and wrote "Han Yishu" and "Huayang Guozhi". In the early Ming Dynasty, there was Chang Yuchun, a man from Huaiyuan who was brave and brave. He followed Zhu Yuantan to defeat quarries and win peace. He claimed that he could lead a hundred thousand soldiers across the world. He was named Chang Shiwan and was named the Duke of E for his military merits. Chang Wanda (1718--1796), whose courtesy name was Zitong, was the ninth descendant of the Chang family who settled in Chelang.
Known as the "Tea King" of Europe and Asia, he is the owner of the Chang Family Courtyard in Yuci, Shanxi.
Contemporary celebrities named Chang
Chang Cheng: Entertainment star
Chang Xiaoyang: Entertainment star
Chang Kuan: Entertainment star
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