[1] is selected from The Book of Songs (Zhu's Biography of Poems, Volume I, Shanghai Shareholders Publishing House, 1980). The Book of Songs is the earliest collection of poems in China, with 305 poems in the Zhou Dynasty. Nan Zhou, the regional name of the Zhou Dynasty, generally refers to the area from the south of Luoyang to the Hanjiang River Basin. The title of the article "Guanju" takes two words from the first sentence "Guanju dove".
[2] Guan Guan: the call of male and female birds responding to each other.
[3] pheasant dove [1]: a kind of waterfowl, namely the pheasant.
[4] mainland: land in water.
[5] Yan: profound. Metaphor woman's spiritual beauty;
[6] Yan: Beautiful. A metaphor for a woman's beautiful appearance.
[7] Gentle and graceful: beautiful and quiet. A lady, a virtuous and beautiful woman.
[8] My Fair Lady: A quiet and beautiful girl. Beautiful and quiet appearance. Shu, kind and kind.
[9] Good wife. Yi, the meaning of spouse.
[10] Uneven: uneven length.
[1 1] shepherd's purse: an aquatic plant. Round leaves and thin stems, rooted in the bottom of the water, leaves floating on the water, edible.
[12] process: search. It refers to shepherd's purse
[13] Left and right flow: choose shepherd's purse from left to right. Here, we try our best to get shepherd's purse, which is a metaphor for "gentlemen" trying to pursue "ladies"
[14] Wake up and sleep. Refers to day and night. Hey, wake up. Sleep, sleep. In addition, Ma said in the notes and annotations of Biography of Mao Poetry: "Sleeping is still a dream." It is also barrier-free.
[15] Sifu: missing. Here, think about it. Mao Chuan: "Take it and think about it."
[16] You: Feeling. See Guo Pu's note in Er Ya Shi Shi. Yes: words. Youyou, I still say "Miss, Miss".
[17] tossing and turning: tossing and turning can't sleep. Rolling, exhibition of ancient figures. Zhanzhuan, that is, opposite. On the other hand, it is still a rollover.
[18] Qin and Qin are both stringed instruments. Piano with five or seven strings, harp with twenty-five or fifty strings.
Friend: It means close here. This sentence is about getting close to "ladies" with harps and harps.
[20] select, select.
[2 1] Bell and drum music: Playing music with a clock makes her happy. Making ... fun. [2]
translate
Pheasants and pigeons sing on the sandbar in the middle of the river. A quiet and beautiful girl, an ideal companion for a young man.
Uneven shepherd's purse, go fishing on both sides of the river. A quiet and beautiful girl who wants to pursue day and night.
If the pursuit fails, my heart hangs day and night. The night is endless, and it is difficult to sleep over and over.
Picking up the ragged shepherd's purse with both hands. A quiet and beautiful girl, playing the piano to express her love.
Both sides are carefully selected ragged shepherd's purse. A quiet and beautiful girl, the bell brought her a smile.
2. China Classical Oil Man Translator: Ouyang Xiu
Su Gongyao of Chen Kang is a sharpshooter, unparalleled in the world, and the public is proud of it. Tasting and shooting in the garden at home, some oil sellers put down their burdens and stood up for a long time. See its arrow nine times out of ten, but a little clumsy.
Kang Su asked, "Do you know how to shoot? I'm not good at shooting, am I? " Weng said, "Nothing else, just familiarity." Kang Su said angrily, "Er 'an dares to shoot lightly!" Weng said, "I know it by my oil. "But put a gourd on the ground, cover its mouth with money, put oil and let the money in, but the money is not wet. Because: "I have nothing else, but my hands are familiar." Kang Su laughed and dismissed the matter.
[translation]
Chen Yaozi was good at archery. At that time, no one in the world could compare with him, and he was proud of it. Once, he shot an arrow in his garden. An old man selling oil put down the burden he was carrying, stood aside and looked at him casually, never leaving. The old man saw that Chen Yaozi could shoot eight or nine of the ten arrows, but he nodded slightly in agreement.
Kang Su Gong asked, "Can you shoot arrows, too? Isn't my archery also superb? " The old man said, "There is no other mystery, but familiarity." Kang Sugong said angrily, "How dare you despise my archery!" The old man said, "I can understand this truth from my experience in pouring oil." So the old man put a gourd on the ground, covered its mouth with copper coins, and slowly poured oil into the gourd with a spoon. Oil was injected from the hole of the copper coin, but the copper coin was not wet. The old man said, "I have no other secrets about this skill, but I am familiar with it." Seeing this, Chen Yaozi had to send the old man away with a smile.
Enlightenment Practice makes perfect.
Guan Yinzi teaches shooting.
Liezi learned to shoot and he won. Please go to find Guan Yinzi. Yin Zi said, "Who is the son of Zhi Zi?" Right: "Fu Zhiyi." Guan Yinzi said, "Impossible." Retire to zhi. Three years later, I returned the seal. Yin Zi said, "Why did Zi Zhi Zi win?" Liezi said, "I know." Guan Yinzi said, "Yes, but don't lose it."
Liezi learned to shoot arrows and hit the target. He went to consult Guan Yinzi. Guan Yinzi said, "Do you know why you can hit the target?"
Liezi replied: "I don't know."
Guan Yinzi said, "That's not enough." Liezi went back to practice. After three years, Liezi came to Guan Yinzi for advice.
Guan Yinzi asked again, "Do you know how you hit the target?"
Liezi said, "I see."
Guan Yinzi said, "That's enough. You should remember it firmly and never forget it. Not only archery, governing the country, self-cultivation, but also this. "
The fable of revelation tells people that it is good to learn and do things, not only to know why, but also to know why. Only by knowing why can we master the law. Only by studying hard and working hard can we do things well.
Liezi Lieyukou was a Zheng man in the Warring States Period. Liezi, Taoist works. According to legend, it was written by Li Yukou and preserved many excellent fables, folk stories and myths and legends in the pre-Qin period. Guan Yinzi taught shooting from Liezi? At the end of the original text, there is another sentence: "If you don't shoot alone, then the country and the body will also." Not only archery, governing the country and self-cultivation, but also this. )
Jichang society translation
Gan Fei was an ancient man who was good at archery. As soon as he drew the bow, the beast fell to the ground and the bird fell. Wei Fei, a disciple of Gan Fei, learned archery from Gan Fei, but his archery skills surpassed those of his master Gan Fei.
Ji Chang learned archery from Wei Fei again. Wei Fei said, "You should learn to look without blinking, and then we can talk about archery." Ji Chang returned home, lying on his back under his wife's loom, staring at the practice without blinking. After practicing for two years, he didn't blink even if the awl pointed into his eye.
Jichang told Wei Fei what he did. Wei Fei said, "This is not enough. Then you should learn to look at things. Practice seeing small things as clear as big things, seeing small things as easy as big things, and then tell me. " Jichang tied a louse with the hair of yak tail and hung it on the window, looking at the south from a distance. Ten days later, the lice became bigger and bigger. Three years later, lice were as big as wheels in his eyes. Turned to look at other things, all as big as hills. Ji Chang used the horn of Yan State as a bow and the awning bamboo produced in the north as an arrow shaft, and shot the louse hanging on the window, penetrating the heart of the louse, but the hair on the yak's tail was not broken.
Jichang told Wei Fei what he did. Wei Fei danced happily and said, "You have mastered the skill of archery."
Inspiring learning skills is by no means a simple matter. We should not only practice basic skills, but also have a serious learning attitude and perseverance.
3. Classical Chinese translation:
Qi Xuanwang likes archery and being praised for his strong bow. In fact, his bow can be pulled out with only 300 kilograms of force. He often shows it to ministers. In order to make Xuan Wang happy, all the ministers tried it. Everyone deliberately pulled the bow halfway, pretending to be surprised and saying, "Oh, the strength of pulling this bow is not less than 1000 kg. No king would use such a strong bow! "
Qi Xuanwang was very happy.
However, Qi Xuanwang used more than 300 kilograms of energy, but he thought it was 1000 kilograms all his life. More than 300 kilograms is true, 1000 kilograms is just a name. Qi Xuanwang only wanted to be famous, but ignored the reality.
Description:
This fable warns people that those who are eager for success must be cautious and not pragmatic. They tried to cheat the world and steal their reputation, but they were cheated by others.
References:
4. The son who translated the classical Chinese said, "Don't you know that the mute is dead? Lin turned around and abandoned the 1000 silver to get it.
Or:' for its cloth? A naked child and some clothes; Tired of it? Naked and exhausted; What's the point of abandoning a treasure of 1000 yuan to chase your son? "Lin Hui said,' If you want to complement each other, this is also a matter of heaven.' Those who are married to each other force the poor and the evil to abandon each other.
Those who belong to heaven are forced to endure poverty and disaster. It is still far from her husband's acceptance and abandonment.
The friendship between gentlemen is indifferent, and the friendship between villains is willing; A gentleman is indifferent to his relatives, but a villain is willing to give up. Join for no reason, leave for no reason.
-"Zhuangzi" Mulberry A: "Haven't you heard about the escape of the fake China people? Lin Hui abandoned the precious jade and ran away with the baby on his back. Some people say,' Is he doing this for money? The value of a newborn baby is too small; Is he afraid of procrastination? There are too many newborn babies to drag on.
Give up precious jade and run with your child on your back. For what? Lin replied:' Jade worth thousands of dollars is in my interest, and this child has a natural connection with me.' Like-minded people will abandon each other when they encounter difficulties, disasters, troubles and injuries; Born with one track mind, when encountering difficulties, disasters, nails and teeth, people will tolerate each other's worries and injuries.
The difference between accepting and giving up each other is too far. Moreover, the friendship between gentlemen is as light as water, and the friendship between villains is as sweet as sweet wine; A gentleman is indifferent to his heart, but a villain is sweet and heartless.
People who are generally close for no reason will be separated for no reason. "。
5. Before the classic classical Chinese, the red wall was full of autumn, and in July, perilla went boating with the guests, downstream of Chibi.
The breeze blows gently and the water can't reach the surface. Raise a glass to propose a toast to one's companions, recite articles related to the moon, and sing praises to chapters.
Not long after, the moon rose from Dongshan, hovering between the Big Dipper and the cow. Milky white fog across the river, clear water.
Let the boat float on the boundless river and cross the boundless river. Vast as the wind in Feng Xu, I don't know where it ends; Floating like an independent world, feathering into a fairy.
At this time, he was very happy to drink, slapping the ship's rail with his hand and singing. The song says: "Gui Gui is like a blue paddle, striking the sky and tracing the streamer.
I am pregnant, looking at the beautiful scenery, looking at the sky. "The guest has a piper, leaning on the song and making peace.
Its voice is whiny, like resentment, like crying; The sound is endless. It can make the dragon dance in the deep valley and make the widow in the lonely boat cry.
Su Shi's face was sad and sad, so he sat up in a corner and asked the guest, "How do you know?" ? "The guest said," There are few stars on the moon, and blackbirds fly south. "Isn't this Cao Mengde's poem? Looking at Xiakou in the west and Wuchang in the east, the mountains and rivers are misty and gloomy. Isn't this because Meng Zhizhi was trapped in Zhou Lang? Fang Qi broke Jingzhou and went down to Jiangling, downstream to the east. He was thousands of miles long, wearing a flag, drinking wine and singing poems across the river, and became a hero in the world. Now, where is he? My son and I are fishing on the river, making friends with fish, shrimp and elk, keeping a boat and keeping bottles for each other.
It's a drop in the ocean to send a mayfly into the earth. Mourn a moment in my life and admire the infinity of the Yangtze River.
Fly with the flying fairy, hold the bright moon, and grow up. I couldn't understand it at the moment, but I heard about it in Hengtai. "
Perilla said, "Do you know my husband's water and the moon? The deceased is like this, but he has never been there; The winner is like that, and the dead don't rise or fall. Gai must view it from its changers, then heaven and earth can't be in an instant; If we look at it from its unchanging point of view, then things are infinite to me, but why envy them? Besides, between heaven and earth, everything has its own owner, not mine, so I will take it for nothing.
However, the breeze on the river and the bright moon in the mountains are wonderful to hear and beautiful to meet. It is the creator's endless concealment that I have dinner with my son. "
So the companion smiled happily, wiped the cup clean again and poured it again. All the dishes have been eaten, and the cups and plates are in a mess.
Sleeping on the boat, hugging each other, I know the horizon has turned white. The minister whispered, "I was troubled by danger, but I was killed by Min.".
Give birth in June, and a loving father will come back to see you; When I was four years old, my uncle took away my mother's ambition. Grandma Liu, a lonely minister, supports herself by herself.
I have fewer ministers and more diseases. Nine years old is no good.
Bitterness and loneliness, as for preparation. No uncles, no brothers.
The door is weak and thin, and there is a rest in the evening. No children answered the door.
Standing alone, inseparable. Moreover, Liu Suying's disease often occurs in bed cups; I have been treating soup and medicine and never give up.
Seize the sacred court and bathe and purify. Former satrap minister Kui, inspector; After the secretariat, I am honored that I am a scholar.
I have no master to support, and I would rather die. The imperial edict is special and I am a doctor.
Seek the favor of the country, wash the horse and remove the minister. The accusation is very humble and should be treated as the East Palace, which is beyond my reporting ability.
I am a minister, but I don't take office. The imperial edict is sharp, but the minister is dull.
Counties have cornered me on the road. The State Council was anxious to light the spark.
If I want to send a letter to Mercedes-Benz, I will get sick with Liu. If you want to cheat, tell me not to. I'm in a dilemma. It's a mess.
Fu dynasty ruled the world with filial piety. Where you are old, where you are educated; Kuang Chen is lonely, especially.
Moreover, I seldom set foot in the puppet regime, worked as a minister, and was not proud of honor. Today, I conquered this country and captured some prisoners, even humble people.
If you've been promoted and pampered, what hope do you have for surviving? However, Liu is dying and his life is dying. I don't have a grandmother, even today? Grandma has no ministers, and her years are endless.
Mothers and grandchildren are more interdependent. Therefore, we can't waste it far.
I have four in forty this year, and my grandmother Liu has six in ninety this year; Therefore, I will respect your day and report Liu's day. Wu bird's affair is willing to end! The minister's hard work, the people who are not alone in Shu, and the herdsmen in the two States have seen and known; After heaven and earth, the reality is * * *.
May your majesty be humble and sincere and listen to my humble wishes. Liu Shu was lucky enough to die for more than a year.
I was born a meteorite and died a grass. I'm afraid of dogs and horses. I want to thank you for your kindness! "Beijing has good ventriloquism performers.
Guests will have a big banquet and an eight-foot barrier will be built in the northeast corner of the hall. The ventriloquist will sit in the barrier with a table, a chair, a fan and a ruler. The guests sat around the screen.
A moment later, I heard the sound of a beat from Wickwood inside the screen. The whole room was silent, and no one dared to speak loudly. Hearing the barking of dogs in a deep alley, a woman was shocked. She didn't stretch herself enough, shaking her husband's words and doing obscene things. At first, the husband's words didn't respond well, and the woman shook them. Then the words of the two men gradually mixed together and the bed suddenly stopped.
After a while, the child woke up and cried. The husband ordered the woman to touch the child's breast, and the child cried with milk, and the woman patted it.
The husband began to drown, the woman began to drown with her child in her arms, and another big boy woke up in bed and kept talking. When it's true, women clap their hands, blare in their mouths, cry on their chests, wake up when they are older, yell at their husbands, drown bottles and buckets, and all the beautiful things are ready at once.
All the guests in the room craned their necks, looked askance, smiled and sighed silently, thinking it was great. When the husband was sleeping, the woman shouted and drowned, and then they all went to sleep.
The children are also beginning to feel sleepy. The husband's voice began to ring, and the beating of the woman gradually stopped.
I heard a mouse as a cable, the washbasin tilted, and the woman coughed in her dream. The guests relaxed a little and gradually straightened up.
Suddenly a man shouted, "Fire!" When the husband shouts, the woman shouts. The two children burst into tears.
At that time, hundreds of thousands of people were shouting, hundreds of children were crying and hundreds of dogs were barking. The voice pulled down by Zhongli, the fiery voice, the whistling wind, and hundreds of works together; There are hundreds of cries for help, shouts of married with children, shouts of grabbing water and splashing water.
In this case, there should be some sounds, not the same. Although people have hundreds of hands and fingers, they can't point to one end; A man has a hundred mouths and a hundred tongues in his mouth. You can't name a place.
In this case, the guests didn't frighten their faces, left their seats, stroking their sleeves and arms, and their legs trembled, almost rushing to escape. Suddenly, when you hit the ruler, the group will ring.
Remove the screen inside, a person, a table, a chair, a fan and a piece of wood. Ailian said that the flowers on land and water vegetation are very sweet.
Tao Jin Yuanming loves chrysanthemums alone; Since Li Tang came, people all over the world love peony. Love lotus alone, dirt-free, clear but not demon. Straight outside, not crawling, fragrant and clear. It is graceful and quiet, but it doesn't look ridiculous from a distance. Want to call chrysanthemum, the hermit of flowers; Peony, blooming with wealth; Lotus, the gentleman of flowers.
Hey! The love of chrysanthemum flowers is rarely heard after Tao; Lotus love, who is the giver; Peony love is suitable for many people. Come and go, come and go! Will the countryside destroy Hu Bugui? Since the heart is the form of service, isn't it sad? People who can catch up without admonishing the past; Not far from being lost, I feel that today is not yesterday.
The boat rocked gently, and the wind beat and blew clothes. Ask the husband.
Qi Xuanwang asked, "(I heard) there is a 70-square-mile hunting ground in Zhou Wenwang. Is this really the case? "
Mencius replied: "There is such a record in the history books."
(Xuan Wang) Q: "Is it really that big?"
Mencius said: "But the people still think it is too small!"
King Xuan said, "My hunting ground is only forty miles square, but people still think it is too big. Why? "
(Mencius) said, "King Wen's hunting ground is 70 miles square. Those who cut grass and firewood can go at will, and those who catch birds and animals can go at will. It is a common prey shared with the people. Do people think small is unreasonable? When I first arrived at the border, I asked the state for a major ban before I dared to enter the country. It is said that there is a 40-square-mile hunting ground in the suburbs of the capital. If someone kills an elk in the field, it's the same as killing. Then, this 40-square-mile hunting ground became a trap set by the state. People think it's too big, isn't it equally reasonable? "
7. Translating classical Chinese, Wang Xizhi and Cao Zhang wrote a reply to Yu Liang, and Yu Liang showed it to Yu Yi. After reading it, Yu Yi was very surprised and wrote to Wang Xizhi, saying, "I originally had ten Cao Zhang in Zhang Boying, but when I was crossing the river, I was moved away and lost it. I once lamented that this wonderful calligraphy is forever. Now I suddenly see a letter from my brother, which feels like seeing the original calligraphy. "
It used to be said that Wang Xizhi returned to Huiji and lived at the foot of Ji Mountain. In the morning, he saw an old woman selling a dozen hexagonal bamboo fans. He casually asked, is this for sale? how much is it? Grandma replied, twenty letters. Wang Xizhi then picked up a pen and wrote on the fan, and each fan wrote five words. Grandma said with great regret: my old man's breakfast depends on it. Why did you ruin it by writing? Wang Xizhi replied: It won't cost you anything. You can say that Wang Youjun wrote the words and then sold them for 100 words. So the old lady went to the market and everyone rushed to buy it. A few days later, Taipo brought dozens of fans to Wang Xizhi and asked him to write more. Wang Xizhi smiled and didn't agree.
Too many, translate two.