Kangxi made eight great contributions in his life. First, he leveled San Francisco and consolidated the unity. 1673, Wu Sangui, the captaincy guarding Yunnan, openly rebelled under the banner of "prospering Ming and seeking Lu". Within half a year, the flames of rebellion burned half of China. Kangxi resolutely transferred troops to suppress. By 168 1, he finally put down the San Francisco rebellion for eight years. Second, unify Taiwan Province Province and set up counties; Taking advantage of the victory, Emperor Kangxi ordered the recovery of Taiwan Province Province. 1683 In August, Taiwan Province Province formally surrendered to the Qing government. Third, resist foreign invasion and conclude a peace treaty; After the Southern War, Emperor Kangxi began to plan against Russia, which was expanding eastward. Through two wars in Chahar, the Qing government crushed Russia's attempt to occupy Heilongjiang, signed the Treaty of Nebuchadnezzar Chu with it, demarcated the eastern border between China and Russia, and legally affirmed that the vast areas of Heilongjiang and Wusuli River basins were all China's territory. Fourth: personally levy desert and manage Mongolia well; 1688, Moxi Mongolia launched a rebellion in Junggar. Its leader, Galdin, led the army eastward, and the front of the soldiers approached Wulanbutong, only 700 miles away from Beijing. In order to eliminate the rebellion and stabilize the frontier, Kangxi crusaded against galdan. 1696, Emperor Kangxi led an army to defeat him in the battle of Showa Hall. After pacifying galdan, Kangxi took the opportunity to strengthen control over Qinghai and Tibet. Due to the war of Emperor Kangxi, the territory of the Qing Dynasty continued to expand, reaching130,000 square kilometers (now it is 9.6 million square kilometers), which was the largest period in the history of China. Fifth, emphasize the river management by agriculture and the construction of water conservancy; Emperor Kangxi governed the Yellow River, Huaihe River, Canal and Yongding River and built water conservancy projects. Sixth: moving heaven and shrinking land, building gardens; Kangxi successively built Changchun Garden, Summer Resort and Mulan paddock. Seventh, advocate literature, attach importance to education and compile ancient books; Emperor Kangxi advocated culture and education all his life and tolerated scholars. He compiled books such as Kangxi Dictionary and Kangxi Encyclopedia on a large scale, which made great contributions to sorting out and preserving ancient documents, revitalizing cultural and educational undertakings and promoting academic and cultural prosperity. Kangxi also set up a south study room and selected some Han courtiers to accompany him to study. Many people were promoted. Eighth: Absorb western learning and learn science and technology. Kangxi began to actively study mathematics, astronomy, music and other disciplines from childhood. Later, he also organized and compiled The Essence of Mathematics and The Origin of Laws and Calendars, which contributed to the spread of western scientific knowledge. Tang Ruowang (German) was hired as the supervisor (official) of Qin Tian, and a new calendar was made. The main reason why Emperor Kangxi was able to achieve something was that he studied tirelessly. Until he was old, he had to write 1000 words every day to practice calligraphy. He was proficient in reciting the Analects of Confucius, the Book of Songs and hundreds of classic works, and actively studied western mathematics, chemistry, anatomy, astronomy and physics. Diligent and prudent, reflect on mistakes and correct them in time. When he learned that the officials of the Yellow River project had been wronged, he immediately ordered rehabilitation and revised the Yellow River management plan. We treated our subjects and people well, abolished the policy of bandits occupying ancestral land and houses, abolished the policy of domestic slaves, and set slaves free. At that time, the population of China was 100 million, and Qiu Jue (death row) was less than 40 (now foreign experts estimate that the number of prisoners executed in China is 5,000-12,000 each year, and the United States executed 42 people last year).
At the same time, the mistakes and historical limitations of Emperor Kangxi laid the groundwork for the demise of the Qing Dynasty. In the same period of history, 1697, Peter the Great of Russia went abroad to connect with the world. As an international student, he modestly led a large group of Russian students to study in Holland, Britain, Germany and other countries, introduced advanced capitalist system and science and technology, and made Russia rise rapidly. 187 1 year, Emperor Meiji of Japan also realized that he wanted to be in line with the world, explicitly proposed to join the ranks of Europeans and Americans instead of interacting with Asians, and sent a large number of overseas students to study in Europe and America, carried out drastic reforms in Japan, and launched the Meiji Restoration Movement, which made Japan rise rapidly and become the second (gross national product) in the world.