Borzijit Banner, the daughter of Mongolian Horqin Belzasang (tribal leader), the niece of Queen Xiao Duan and the queen of Qing Taizong, is stunning and alert.
1625, at the age of thirteen, he married Huang taiji, the eighth son of Nurhachi, and married Huang taiji with his aunt. Three daughters were born after marriage: Princess Gu Lunyong, Princess Gu Lunshu Hui and Princess Gu Lunshu Zhe. 1636, Huang taiji proclaimed himself emperor, named Bolzigjit as Princess of Yongfu Palace, and devoted himself to Germany for three years (1638). Fu Lin, the ninth son of the Emperor, was honored as the Empress Dowager, which was known as Xiao Zhuang Wen in history.
Sourdrang queen's natural beauty can be called the early Qing Dynasty.
Beautiful woman. She handles things calmly and decisively. As early as the period of Huang Taiji, Empress Xiaozhuang Wen' sponsored internal affairs' and contributed to Huang Taiji.
1642 (the seventh year of the Qing emperor Taizong), Songshan was captured by the Qing army, and Hong Chengchou, the governor of BenQ Liao, was captured. In order to show his loyalty to the Ming Dynasty, he declared a hunger strike. Later, Huang Taiji knew that Hong Chengchou was lewd, so sourdrang queen recommended himself to Huang Taiji and induced Hong Chengchou to surrender. Later, Hong Chengchou led the Qing soldiers into the customs and died in the Ming Dynasty.
1643, after the death of Huang taiji, Emperor Shunzhi succeeded to the throne and moved the capital to Beijing, honoring sourdrang queen as the empress dowager and being regent by his young (six-year-old) uncle Dourgen. In order to eliminate dourgen's threat to the throne, sourdrang queen decided to marry dourgen according to the Manchu custom of "wife and children after brother dies". Although the history books have different opinions about Xiaozhuang's marriage, the documents record the fact of formal marriage. According to Donghua Record, Dourgen went in and out of the inner court of the palace, and Shunzhi also called Dourgen the "Regent of the Emperor's Father". The mystery of "The Queen Mother Married" in the early Qing Dynasty was not groundless. For political reasons, this move does not damage her historical position. Thanks to sourdrang queen's mediation, the throne of Shunzhi was preserved, but many emperors did not replace it, and the power of Qing Dynasty gradually transferred to Shunzhi.
In the early Qing Dynasty, sourdrang dowager dared to break through the custom that Manchu and Han were not allowed to marry in order to get the support of the upper class of Han nationality. In the tenth year of Shunzhi (1653), she regarded Kong Sizhen, the daughter of Kong Youde, as the monarch. He also married the 14th daughter of Huang Taiji, Princess Heshuo, to Wu Sangui's son, Wu Xiongying, to win over the generals of the Han army.
After the death of Shunzhi, Michelle Ye ascended the throne with the title of Kangxi, and became the Emperor Kangxi of later generations. Emperor Kangxi called Xiao Zhuang the Empress Dowager. At the age of eight, Emperor Kangxi was assisted by four ministers in government affairs. Sourdrang queen devoted himself to educating the young master, guarding the Aisingiorro regime and avoiding great risks and reefs, which was another aspect of the prosperity of the Qing Dynasty. Among the four assistant ministers, Ao Bai was arrogant and tried to usurp the imperial power. He killed innocent people in an attempt to make princes. Sourdrang queen became the strong backing of Kangxi. With her support, in the eighth year of Kangxi, Kangxi smashed the Ao Bai Group and regained power.
When Kangxi put down three transgressions of rebellion, sourdrang dowager fully supported Kangxi's putting down, and she took out gold and silk rewards from the palace. Sourdrang dowager advocated economy and distributed the money saved in the palace to the victims for many times. Her frugal family style influenced the Kang Yong dynasties.
1687, in the 26th year of Kangxi, Empress Dowager Cixi died at the age of seventy-five. She was the "Empress Xiaozhuang Wen".
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Zhuge Liang
Zhuge Liang (181.4.14-234.8.28) was born in Wolong, Yang Du, Ye Lang (now yinan county, Linyi City, Shandong Province), Han nationality, an outstanding politician and strategist in the Three Kingdoms period (see history books). Premier Shu Han. Shi Yue is loyal to Wu Hou.
Chen Shou's History of the Three Kingdoms: Zhuge Liang is also concerned about the country, comforting the people, showing etiquette, appointing people on their merits, obeying the power system, being sincere and fair; Although those who are loyal to the times will get revenge, those who violate the law and neglect their duties will be punished, those who confess their feelings will be released, and those who are eloquent will be slaughtered. Good without reward, evil without fiber without degeneration; Ordinary things are concise, based on physics, with real responsibility for fame and fortune, hypocrisy and contempt; Finally, people who are afraid and love each other in the national territory, although the criminal law is harsh and there is no complaint, are trying to persuade them clearly. It can be said that he is a talented person who knows how to govern the country, and he is a horse of Xiao. But after years of mobilization, it still failed, and the cover strain will be slightly, which is not its strength!
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Xu Beihong (1895- 1953) is a modern painting master and art educator who concentrates on the strengths of western art. Xu Beihong was born in the countryside and his family was poor. Father Xu is a rural teacher who is good at flowers and birds and figure painting. Xu Beihong began to study at home at the age of 4 and became interested in painting since childhood. I studied painting with my father at the age of 9, 10, and I can be my father's assistant. Doing odd jobs during busy farming and living in poverty have helped him develop a hard-working and unpretentious style and a clean and honest character. /kloc-when he was 0/3 years old, he followed his father to make a living by selling paintings when he was in famine. /kloc-at the age of 0/7, my father was seriously ill and my family went from bad to worse. The burden of a family of eight has since fallen on Xu Beihong's shoulders. He works as a painting teacher in primary and secondary schools, and also goes to Shanghai and other places to sell paintings for a living. /kloc-When I was 0/9 years old, my father died and my family became poorer.
19 15 Xu Beihong went to Shanghai again. With the help of his friends, he stayed in a corner of the "leisure club" (then the casino), worked hard and studied French at night school. He drew a horse and gave it to Gao, the curator of the art library. His younger brother Gao Qifeng appreciates his painting skills very much. At this time, although Xu Beihong was admitted to Aurora University, he had no money to study. Fortunately, he got a grant from Gao Qifeng. Later, I met Kang Youwei and had the opportunity to observe Kang's collection of inscriptions. His view of art was also influenced by Kang Youwei. 19 17 Xu Beihong went to Tokyo to study fine arts and returned to Beijing in autumn. At the invitation of Cai Yuanpei, he was appointed as the tutor of Peking University Painting Research Association and met Chen Shiceng. 19 19 to study in France. I studied sketching in the studio of the famous painter Dayang, 192 1 went to Germany, studied in the studio of the painter CommScope, and returned to Paris the following year. 1925 returned to China via Singapore. The following spring, he went to Paris, painted in Brussels, Belgium, and traveled to Switzerland and Italy.
1927 After returning to China, he served as a professor in the Art Department of Central University, director of the Art Department of Shanghai Nanguo Art Institute and dean of Peking University Art Institute. 1933, he took China's modern paintings to French, German, Belgian, Italian and Soviet exhibitions. During the Anti-Japanese War, he took his works to exhibitions in Southeast Asian countries such as Nanyang and India, and all the proceeds were donated to refugees in the motherland.
On the eve of liberation, the Kuomintang government sent a plane to pick up Xu Beihong and a group of famous professors to Nanjing, but Xu Beihong refused. After liberation, he was invited to attend the World Peace Conference as a representative of China, and served as the president of the Central Academy of Fine Arts. He was elected as a member of the Standing Committee of the All-China Federation of Literary and Art Circles, a representative of the China People's Political Consultative Conference, and the chairman of the All-China Artists Association. 1952, when he was ill, he donated his life-long creation and all his treasured works to the country. 1953 died of illness and lived only 59 years old. The state has established a memorial hall for this great artist, Xu Beihong, in Beijing, and has preserved more than 1000 of his works. He created thousands of works in his life and cultivated and discovered a large number of outstanding artists.
Xu Beihong is good at Chinese painting, oil painting, especially sketch. His paintings are full of passion and superb skills. Famous oil paintings include The River Behind Me and Tian Heng 500 Scholars, while Chinese paintings include Nine Square Heights, One Mountain in Gong Yu and Joining up with Tokyo. Nothing can better reflect Xu Beihong's personality and express his thoughts and feelings than the horses he painted. He observed and studied the muscles, bones and facial expressions of horses for a long time, and drew thousands of sketches. Therefore, the horse map he painted is vigorous, unrestrained, implicit, intense and magnificent, full of form and spirit. Other figures, lions, cats and other works are also of good quality and quantity. His paintings adhere to the principle of "learning from nature and seeking truth".