1, the particularity of the times
Zhang Xu was a calligrapher in Kaiyuan and Tianbao periods in Tang Dynasty. He lives in an era of economic prosperity and strong national strength. At this time, the trend of cultural and artistic exchanges and integration is unprecedented, and cursive script is also boldly innovative at this time.
2. Alcoholism
He loves to drink all his life, and he likes to write calligraphy after drinking. He often gets as drunk as a fiddler and then starts writing. When he was crazy, his hair was dipped in ink to write, so he was called "Zhang Dian". The world called Huai Su and Zhang Xu "Zhang Diankuang".
3. Personalization of cursive script.
Zhang Xu knew the essence of cursive art, and later he taught Yan Zhenqing and others the calligraphy art. Zhang Xu first realized the artistic conception of cursive script from the scene where a princess and a porter were fighting to cross the road, and also realized the charm of cursive script from the posture of an aunt dancing sword.
4. Representation of the times
His cursive script is vigorous and unrestrained, "taking stippling as the shape and turning it into emotion", which outlines the wild expression of culture and art in Tang Dynasty. At this time, cursive script has become an artistic activity full of passion and romance, which is quite different from the romantic and rational writing of cursive script since Wei and Jin Dynasties.
5. The randomness and preciousness of the form of the work.
Zhang Xu's weeds were mainly written on the wall, not on paper. The weeds written by Fenqiang can't be preserved so far, so the number of works handed down by Zhang Xu today is relatively small compared with other great calligraphers in the Tang Dynasty.
Derivation and development of cursive script;
1, broken grass
"Broken grass" is the most common among modern calligraphers. It is characterized by strokes, strokes and combinations of strokes. It is similar to today's grass, taking the advantages of famous artists of all ages, collecting its own appearance, playing freely and being free and easy.
2. Grass
Cursive script is called "cursive script", and there are many ways to write, that is, cursive script is close to cursive script, and the brushwork is more flexible. Liu Xizai's Book of the Qing Dynasty said that cursive script has "true line" and "cursive line".
3. Cao Zhang
From the beginning of Han Dynasty, when writing official script, it was sometimes written in a hurry. Because Emperor Zhang of Han Dynasty likes cursive script, it is called "",which is a kind of cursive script of official script. Cao Zhang's words are independent and close to cursive, but the difficult words are not simplified much, and the writing style remains unchanged.
4. This kind of grass
After the emergence of regular script, it evolved into a "modern cursive script", that is, regular script cursive script, which has a fast writing speed, and the last stroke often echoes the beginning. Every Chinese character generally has a simplified rule, but it is sometimes difficult for unfamiliar people to recognize it.