Like a dream, Li Qingzhao in the Southern Song Dynasty
She always remembers the Xiting at sunset, and she is intoxicated and does not know her way home.
Xing Jing ③ returned to the boat late and strayed into the depths of lotus root ④.
fight for crossing, fight for crossing (5), and start a pool of gulls and herons.
Note:
① Xiting: a pavilion near the water.
② intoxicated: drunk.
③ exhausted: exhausted.
④ lotus root: lotus.
⑤ how to cross; Controversy: Same as "How".
translation
I often remember playing in the pavilion by the stream until the sun went down, and I was intoxicated with that kind of happiness and didn't know the way back. Satisfied with the fun, I rowed back in the dark, but I mistakenly rowed into the depths of the Lotus Pond. Row, row, row, row too quickly, so that the beach full of Bai Ou and egrets are flying. At this time, human voices, birds and underwater sounds are intertwined to form a beautiful picture.
Appreciation
This is a poem recalling the past. A few words seem to come out at random, but they are as precious as gold, and every sentence contains profound meaning. The first two sentences, write intoxicated and excited feelings. Then write "Xing Jin" to go home, and "mistakenly enter" the depths of the lotus pond, which is even more fascinating. The last sentence, pure and innocent, is endless.
The sentence "Chang Ji" is plain and natural and harmonious, which naturally leads readers to the realm of her poems. "Chang Ji" clearly stated that the place was in "Xiting" and the time was "sunset". After the banquet, the author was too drunk to recognize the way back. The word "intoxicated" reveals the joy of the author's heart, and "I don't know the way home" also twists and turns to convey the author's lingering feelings. It seems that this is a very pleasant tour that left a deep impression on the author. Sure enough, the following two sentences of "Xing Jin" took this interest to a higher level, and Xing Jin returned to the boat. So, what about Xing Jin? It just shows that the interest is high and I don't want to go back to the boat. The sentence of "going astray" is fluent and natural, and there is no trace of axe chisel, which echoes the previous sentence of "I don't know the way back" and shows the hero's forgetfulness.
among the blooming lotus flowers, there is a boat rocking, and there are young talented women on board. Such a beautiful scenery suddenly leaps up and down, and it is ready to come out. Two "struggles" in a row express the anxiety of the protagonist who is eager to find a way out from the lost road. It is precisely because of the "struggle for crossing" that "a beach of gulls and herons was startled", scaring all the waterfowl that stopped on the island. At this point, the words came to an abrupt end, and the words were exhausted and the meaning was not exhausted, which was intriguing.
This poem uses concise words, only selects a few fragments, and combines the moving scenery with the author's pleasant mood, writing the author's good mood when he was young, which makes people want to go boating with her and get drunk. As the saying goes, "the feelings of teenagers are naturally acquired", this poem is not carved, and it is full of natural beauty.
was written by Li Qingzhao when she recalled her travels abroad.
Author's brief introduction
Li Qingzhao, born in Zhangqiu, Jinan (now Zhangqiu, Shandong), was an outstanding poetess in the Song Dynasty and the most accomplished female writer in the history of literature.
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ask the shutter man ③, but
the Chinese flowering crabapple remains the same.
do you know, do you know?
it should be green, fat, red and thin.
Note:
① The rain dispersed suddenly: the raindrops were sparse, and the night wind was fierce.
② A deep sleep can't stop the hangover: Although I slept all night, Yu Zui still lingered. Deep sleep, deep sleep.
③ Shutter: Some scholars think this refers to maid.
④ Green manure and red thinness: refers to lush green leaves and withered safflower.
Translation
Last night, the rain was sparse and the night wind was fierce. Although I slept soundly all night, Yu Zui still lingered. I tentatively asked the maid of the shutter, but she told me that the begonia flowers were still the same as before. Well, do you know, do you know? Begonia trees should be lush green leaves and red flowers withered.
Appreciation
This poem is Li Qingzhao's work that established her status as a "talented woman" and caused a sensation in the ruling and opposition circles. Rumor is the first word, which made Zhao Mingcheng dream of lovesickness day and night, and fully explained the sensation caused by this poem at that time. He also said that this word is a poetic translation of Han Wo's Lazy Rise. Han Shi said, "It rained in the middle of the night last night, and there was a cold in the morning. Is the begonia flower there? Look at the side shutter. " However, Li Qingzhao's poem is better than the original poem, which vividly depicts the girl's mood of hurting spring.
"last night, it rained and the wind blew suddenly, so a deep sleep didn't leave any wine." Last night, the wind was very urgent, and it was drizzling. I drank some wine in the evening and slept soundly until I woke up in the morning. From the beginning, the time and environment of the whole word were outlined very clearly. "Rain and wind suddenly disperse" describes the characteristics of late spring very appropriately. The wind blows tightly, but the rain is sparse. Even if people can feel the breath of late spring, four words can be used. "A deep sleep needs no residual wine" describes the character's present state. He just woke up with some wine and a lazy look. In this state, it is the easiest to think of the sudden rain and wind last night, and there are still some worries hidden in his heart, which leads to the following. The first sentence is written outdoors, and the second sentence is written indoors. The turning point is clever and appropriate, and it is smart and natural.
After a storm, the hero is eager to know whether the petals of the begonia in the garden are scattered and unbearable, so he asks the "shutter man" in a hurry. A word "try" expresses the concern of the character. She doesn't want spring to pass so quickly. The word "try" vividly depicts the contradictory psychology that I can't bear to ask but can't help but want to know. Unexpectedly, the "shutter man" said that Haitang remained the same, which surprised her. Although she longed for Haitang to remain the same, she knew that flowers would wither after the storm, so the answer from the "shutter man" gave her an unexpected surprise. "Haitang is still" answers the question from the back, which makes its words more readable. The word "que" not only expresses the original thoughts of the protagonist and the unexpected feelings after hearing the answer, but also reveals that the "shutter man" doesn't understand the protagonist's thoughts and is careless when answering, which forms a subtle contrast between the delicate euphemism of the protagonist and the careless indifference of the "shutter man". At this point, the words are stacked into another layer, and the artistic conception opens up another world.
"do you know? Do you know? It should be green, fat and thin. " After all, the protagonist still knows that this is the late spring season. Besides, it was a stormy night last night, and the begonia flower will definitely not be the same. Therefore, she used two "knowing no" to correct the reply of the "shutter man". The tone of spoken language made these two "knowing no" people feel quite fresh. The sentence "should be green, fat, red and thin" describes the current situation. This sentence is the most famous one in the world. It is very novel and vivid, seemingly handy, but it is unique in skill. She used the word "green" to refer to the green leaves on the branches, red to refer to the flowers on the branches, fat to replace "more" and thin to replace "less", thus writing a brand-new artistic conception. It is no wonder that most of them have been praised by ci theorists in past dynasties. For example, in "A Record of Poems in Caotang", it is said that "the sentence is especially neat and neat, with infinite implication". On a deeper level, "red" refers not only to flowers, but also to the colorful scenes and colors in spring, to many wonderful things in spring and to the happy mood in spring. In this way, the word "red thin" vividly writes the characters' feelings of hurting spring. There is no need to speak frankly, but it is more exciting, which is a typical feeling that Li Qingzhao's ci works give readers.
As one of Li Qingzhao's famous works, this poem is written in a unique way. It twists and turns euphemistically, and the artistic conception is layered. Although it is only six sentences, it has been transferred several times and has been broken from time to time. As a work that hurts spring, the author does not directly write about how flowers wither and how to be sad and melancholy like other poems, but creates an atmosphere in late spring through hearing, vision and other aspects, and gradually shifts from objective reality to subjective feelings, which can arouse readers' * * * more strongly.
Secondly, the author launches the full text through the dialogue between the protagonist and the "shutter man". This way of writing not only makes readers feel like hearing their voices and seeing their people, but also forms a complete picture in their minds, adding a sense of truth, and the writing is compact and informative. At the same time, it also shows the mood of the characters through words, which is more authentic. In addition, the author embellishes the dialogue a little, such as "try" and "que", which depicts the emotional turning point of the characters delicately and describes the emotional thoughts of the two characters in contrast.
Furthermore, the technique of substituting fingers is successfully used. Using "green" and "red" to refer to leaves and flowers, and "fat" and "thin" to refer to how much, is more concise in language, which has never been said before. It has been described in detail before, so I won't repeat it here.
what I wrote in the next three or four sentences is an inevitable reflection of the psychology of cherishing flowers. Although drunk for a night, the first thing that Qingxiao cares about after waking up is the begonia in the garden. The word human feelings know that Haitang can't stand the rubbing damage caused by sudden wind and rain overnight, and the window must be a red mess, full of fallen flowers, but I can't bear to see it myself, so I try to ask the maid who is rolling the curtain. The word "try" expresses the poet's ambivalence that he cares about the flowers but is afraid to hear the news of the flowers falling, and he can't bear to see the flowers falling in person but wants to know what is going on. In contrast, Zhou Bangyan's "Youth Tour": "One night, the east wind, the begonia blossoms, look at the shutter upstairs." It is vulgar and tasteless. What is the result of "asking"? -"But the Haitang is still there." The maid's answer surprised the poet. Originally, I thought that after a night of wind and rain, the begonia flowers must have withered out of shape, but the maid rolled up the curtains and looked outside, but casually replied: the begonia flowers are still like that. The word "que" not only shows that the maid is unaware of the hostess's misgivings, but also shows that the poet is puzzled after hearing the answer. Yes, after the "sudden rain and wind", how can the "begonia" remain the same? This naturally leads to the last two sentences.
"do you know? Do you know? It should be green, fat and thin. " This is not only a retort to the maid, but also a soliloquy: this careless girl, do you know that the begonia in the garden should be lush green leaves and few red flowers! "Should be" indicates that the poet's speculation and judgment on the scene outside the window is extremely appropriate. Because she hasn't witnessed it with her own eyes, she should leave room for her speech. At the same time, this word also implies the meaning of "must be" and "have to be". Although Haitang is good and ruthless, it is impossible for it to bloom forever. In a word, there is endless helpless love for flowers, but the predicate is shallow and profound. And this layer of affection for flowers is naturally something that the "roller shutter" can't observe and don't need to pay more attention to. After all, she can't be as delicate as her hostess, and she has a deeper understanding of nature and life. This may be the reason why she gave the above answer. In the end, the phrase "green, fat, red and thin" is the perfect pen of the whole word, which has always been praised by the world. "Green" instead of leaves and "red" instead of flowers are the contrast of the two colors; "Fat" describes that the leaves after rain are lush and fat because of sufficient water, and "thin" describes that the flowers after rain are withered and scarce because of unbearable rain, which is the contrast between the two States. The four ordinary words, through the collocation and combination of poets, are so vivid and vivid, which is really a creation in the use of language. Associated with these four words, doesn't "red and thin" indicate the gradual disappearance of spring, while "green manure" symbolizes the coming of summer with green leaves? This very general language is really amazing. Hu Zai's "Tiaoxi Fishing Hidden Conghua" said: "This language is very new." Comments on "A Bie Lu of Caotang Poems": "The conclusion of the sentence is especially delicate and subtle." It seems that it is not a false reputation.
this little word is only six sentences and thirty-three words, but it is written in a tortuous and euphemistic way, which is very hierarchical. The poet drank heavily because of cherishing the flowers, but "questioned" because he knew that the flowers were grateful, and asked again because he didn't believe the answer of the "shutter man". So he turned around step by step and expressed his feelings of cherishing the flowers in a swaying way. "The Selected Poems of Liaoyuan" says: "There are countless twists and turns in the short poem, which is naturally more sacred than the ci." It can be described as a good comment.