Yangzhou Slow 1 Excellent teaching design for teaching purposes;
1. Appreciate the feeling of remembering the past and hurting the present, and feel the feeling that time hurts the world.
2. Master the various expressions and functions of this word.
Teaching focus:
Grasp the "emptiness" and "surprise" of words, analyze the characteristics of scenery, and guide students to experience the sadness of parting independently.
Teaching methods:
A probe into students' subjective inspiration, teacher-student interaction, independent appreciation and cooperative communication
Teaching steps:
First, import
Do the students still remember Li Bai's poem "Farewell to Meng Haoran on the way to Yangzhou"? Let's recite aloud together.
An old friend stayed in the Yellow Crane Tower in the west, fireworks were set off in Yangzhou in March, the sky was blue, but the Yangtze River flowed in the sky.
This farewell poem is full of emotion and expresses Li Bai's deep affection for his friends. Where does Guangling in the title refer to? Yangzhou
Yangzhou used to use names such as Guangling, Jiangdu and Weiyang. It is one of the famous historical and cultural cities in China, and is known as "the capital of Huaizuo". Since ancient times, Yangzhou has been a place where people gather. As early as the Six Dynasties, there was a saying that riding a crane to the state capital was rich. In its heyday, Yangzhou was full of spring breeze, and songs and dances rose to the Tang Dynasty. Xu Ning's Memory of Yangzhou: "There is a moonlit night on earth, and the rogue is Yangzhou." Visible Yangzhou in full swing.
So, what was Yangzhou like in the Southern Song Dynasty? Next, let's follow in the footsteps of Jiang Kui, a famous poet in cloth at the end of the Southern Song Dynasty, and see what he saw when he arrived in Yangzhou.
(blackboard writing) Zhou Yang Man Jiang Kui
Jiang Kui, named Yao Zhang, is a Taoist priest in Baishi. He is a representative poet of graceful school in the middle and late Southern Song Dynasty. His poetic style is ethereal and elegant, and he is good at calligraphy and painting, music, poetry and prose, with many artistic talents.
Second, reading taste.
1, students learn by themselves,
Reading aloud is the first step to appreciate poetry. Please read the whole word by yourself and pay attention to your mood. What tone do you think you should read it in?
(Sadness, which sentence did you see? )
2, name reading, student evaluation,
Intonation, speaking speed, stress and pause, etc. , make a positive evaluation. If you have problems with reading, you can read a sentence or two.
3, famous fan read aloud, (listen to the recording and read aloud) After listening to the reading demonstration, are you deeply inspired? Now please recite the word "emotional freedom" again, and then I'll ask a classmate to demonstrate it to you.
4. Students read books by themselves.
5, name reading, teacher evaluation
6, the whole class read together
Third, independent appreciation.
Reading is an important means to understand and taste poetry. Through reading, everyone's understanding of this word has deepened. Tell me about your experience after reading the words. What words do you think moved you deeply? What's so good about it? (such as language, rhetoric, thought, expression ...)
Next, I divide the whole class into two groups according to the left and right. Discuss in groups of four, determine a speaker, and then share the appreciation results of the group with you in the form of quick answers (students with incomplete answers in the same group can add)
……
Conclusion: Everyone spoke very well. The students' answers not only gave us a comprehensive understanding of the word, but also influenced us by the beauty of China's classical poems.
Fourth, overall exploration.
Classical poetry can always arouse everyone's desire for appreciation. Let's discuss the whole word in groups of four according to what we discussed:
1, which word impressed you the most? Why? (health discussion)
Shangcheng: The empty city plan Shangcheng mainly wrote the desolate and depressed scene of Yangzhou today.
Xia Kun: I was shocked by Xia Kun. I mainly imagined the feeling of revisiting Du Mu's hometown and the sadness in the poet's heart.
Here and now, in this situation, Du Mu, a poet in the late Tang Dynasty, is "more surprised" and "more affectionate", and Jiang Kui really shocked Du Mu. Even so, how can my generation feel?
2. Besides writing about the desolation of Yangzhou today, when did Shang Juan write about the scene of Yangzhou? What are the characteristics of the scenery?
Blackboard writing:
Today's depression, once prosperity.
The last film starts with "Du Ming" and "Good Place", but ends with "Empty City", which is in sharp contrast and has a sense of prosperity and decline in the past.
3. What is the cause of depression today?
"Huma Peeks at the River", in the early years of the Southern Song Dynasty, the army of nomads from the Golden Army went south repeatedly, and Yangzhou suffered heavy losses.
This word was written in the third year of Xiaozong Xichun (1 176). At this time, fifteen years have passed since Yan Hongliang invaded south (1 16 1), but Yangzhou City is still in a depressed and dilapidated state.
It is precisely because Yangzhou, which was once prosperous, is now in depression. As a poet who cares about the future of the country, he touched the poet's endless thoughts. So what emotions did the poet express in the next lyrics? (Contact Preface and Text Notes)
In his lamentation, Jiang Kui expressed his disgust and hatred for the war, as well as his sympathy for the people who suffered from the war, his reminiscence and nostalgia for the prosperity of the past and his grief over the broken mountains and rivers today.
It says on the blackboard: I hate war and feel past lives.
Fifth, read poetry again.
Only by loving reading more and being good at reading excellent words can we draw rich nutrition from ancient cultural traditions. Finally, in "The Sound of Music", please join me in reciting poems loudly and emotionally, and experience the poet's deep affection.
Sixth, expand and extend.
As we know, Xin Qiji and Lu You are the main themes of their creation among the literati in the Southern Song Dynasty. Please recall Xin Qiji's "Nostalgia for the Past through the Ages in Gubeiting, Jingkou" and experience the differences in style and emotion between these two words (discussion).
One is bold, vigorous and impassioned, and the other is subtle, euphemistic, calm and calm.
One is sad for losing the country, but there is no way to serve the country, and the other is sad because of the prosperity brought by the war.
(Recite freely if you have time)
Attached board book design
Yangzhou man
Jiangkui
Upper finch and lower finch
Jing Qing
Empty earthquake
Today's depression hates war.
The past is prosperous, regret the past.
Excellent teaching design [teaching goal] of Yangzhou Slow Two.
1, a preliminary understanding of the characteristics of Song Ci.
2. Understand the style of several famous poets in Song Dynasty.
3. The characteristics of bold and graceful school.
[Teaching Focus]
Understand the basic characteristics of Li Bai's romantic creation method;
[Teaching difficulties]
Appreciate different styles of ci works.
[Teaching method]
Read aloud, ask questions and discuss.
[Curriculum]
One class hour
[Teaching process]
I. Introduction to the author
In the history of China literature, Song Ci, Tang Poetry of the previous generation and Yuan Qu of the later generation are all literary styles representing an era. Song ci can be divided into two periods: Northern Song Dynasty and Southern Song Dynasty. According to the genre, it is customarily divided into two categories: bold and graceful. Su Shi and Xin Qiji are the representative writers of the bold school, Liu Yong is the representative of the graceful school (also known as the metrical school) in the Northern Song Dynasty, and Li Qingzhao, a poetess in the early stage, and Jiang Kui in the later stage in the Southern Song Dynasty. Yangzhou Slow is Jiang Kui's masterpiece.
Jiang Kui, born in Poyang (now Poyang, Jiangxi), was a famous poet and musician in the Southern Song Dynasty. He lived in Hunan and Hubei as a teenager, then moved to Huzhou (now Zhejiang), and wandered around Suzhou, Hangzhou, Weiyang and other places, associating with Fan Chengda, Yang Wanli and Xin Qiji. This has a great influence on the development of his poetic art. He has many talents:
He is good at calligraphy and music, and is a graceful school in the field of ci. He advocates strict rules and regulations, opposes glib words and does not write obscene words; Deliberately striving for success in literature, rather than being frivolous, has a great influence on later generations. He failed many times, never became an official, and lived as a diner all his life. It is precisely because he was entrusted with the door of power, lived a leisurely life, and was divorced from the social reality at that time, so his vision was not broad and his mood was low, which was clearly reflected in his poems. The author of Taoist Baishi's poems.
In the era when Jiang Kui lived, the Southern Song Dynasty was in danger, and the Huaihe River area north of the Yangtze River had become a barren border. Most of the literati only care about feasting and enjoying themselves, and don't consider recovery. In some of the poet's works from his early years to his later years, he can show a certain patriotism and dissatisfaction with reality. Especially in his later years, his ideological tendency of advocating the recovery of lost land and sympathizing with the people in the occupied areas has further developed.
During the Southern Song Dynasty, Jiang Kui, Xin Qiji and Wu Wenying became the representative writers of the "empty" school of ci, occupying an important position in the history of the development of Song ci. There is Baishi Ci, in which 17 is equipped with a side score, which is the only music score left in Song Ci.
Many of Jiang Kui's poems have a small preface, which implies the writing reason and theme. Most of the languages are concise and beautifully written, which is worth reading together.
Second, the background introduction
Yangzhou, since the canal was dug in the Sui Dynasty, has become a major traffic artery between the north and the south, with merchants gathering and bead curtains for miles. However, after crossing the Huaihe River many times in the Southern Song Dynasty, Yangzhou was in ruins. In the thirty-first year of Shaoxing (A.D. 1 16 1), the Jin people defeated Yangzhou with 100,000 fighters, plundered it and suffered great losses. Although it has been fifteen years, the author still passes through Yangzhou and is devastated. He couldn't help but recall the funeral, feeling "ancient and modern" and showing his sorrow for the decline of the country. Although I feel sad, it has certain practical significance.
"Yangzhou Slow" is Jiang Kui's early masterpiece, which expresses the author's sadness and regret for state affairs when passing by Yangzhou.
Third, text analysis and appreciation
Cherish the spring from Shen Bing to the sun (2), Weiyang (3), the first snow (4), and Maimiwang (5).
On the solstice of winter, it snowed in Yangzhou, and it just cleared up, and my eyes were full of shepherd's purse and wheat.
Entering the city, looking around for depression, cold water is green. Twilight is rising,
Then look around. This is a depressing scene. The cold river is turning green.
Ego: a person, a person. It's getting late
Defend the corner (6) Sad songs. I feel sad, past and present, because I like this song.
The horn of the frontier wailed, and the changes in the past and present made me (very) sad, so I wrote a song.
Past and present: refers to the changes in the past and present.
The old man in Yan Qian (7) thinks that he feels sad in the "millet separation" (8).
Feel sorry and sad about the rise and fall of this country in the past
Huaizuo (9) is a famous place, which is located in the west of Zhuxi (10), and the initial distance (1 1) has less saddle relief.
Located in the east of Huaishui, Duming Pavilion is a beautiful place. Take off the saddle and stop for a while. Just set foot on the journey.
Use less, a little. The first journey: the first part of the road. Left: The orientation of the ancients was from east to left.
Analysis: Start from the famous city Yangzhou. Originally, the theme of the work was a sense of confusion, so I began to write about the desolate scene of Yangzhou, but I began to recall the past:
Point out "Du Ming" first, and then borrow Du Mu's poem ("Who knows Zhuxi Road, the song is Yangzhou." ) In the praise, it is stained with "Wei Chu", with only eight words, which almost describes the prosperity of Yangzhou in the past. Then write "take off the saddle and stay less", which not only highlights the admiration for the elegance of famous cities, but also shows that recalling the past is to hurt the present. So, what is the purpose of summing up Yangzhou's past prosperity?
Ten miles after the spring breeze (12), the wheat is green.
Yangzhou Road, which runs ten miles through the spring breeze, is covered with green shepherd's purse and wheat.
Post-attributive of "always buy green"
Analysis:
The author summed up the desolation after the Yangzhou catastrophe in only ten words. On the one hand, we echo the previous sentence "Bamboo falls to the west" with "Spring Breeze in Ten Miles", telling the prosperity of Yangzhou in the past and comparing the desolation of Yangzhou today; On the other hand, the desolate scene reads "wheat grains are all green", and the word "all" exaggerates the yearning for the scenery and makes people feel depressed. At the same time, the scene of "green wheat" coincides with the "parting" in the Book of Songs, thus truly expressing the sadness of the country's prosperity in the past and its decline today, with rich implications. But who caused such desolation? The author further reveals the reasons for the changes in Yangzhou.
After Huma went to see the river (13), she abandoned the trees in the pond and went to great lengths to talk about the soldiers (1).
Since the army of the Hu people watched the Yangtze River leave, only the destroyed city and several big trees (people) are still talking bitterly about the war.
Arbor: An old tree. Soldier: War.
Analysis:
Obviously, "spring breeze ten miles" is just "green wheat", and the bustling scene is lost; "Abandoning the pool tree is still tired of saying soldiers." People's mood is heavy. The author was hurt by the scene, complaining about the invasion of foreign enemies, hurting the decline of the national luck, and his thoughts and feelings reached a certain height. It is for this reason that the feelings in the last sentence are even more depressing.
At dusk, cold (2), all in the empty city.
(It's the sky) The bleak defensive angle gradually blew all over an empty city in the cold wind.
Analysis:
Following the previous sentence, according to the passage of time and the changes of the scenery, then capture the characteristics of the scenery and express your feelings with the scenery. Here, the gloomy atmosphere is rendered by "twilight", which, in cooperation with the above, makes the "sense of separation" stronger; It is even more worrying to use "clearing the corner and blowing cold" to add more sadness and echo "I am still tired of talking about soldiers"!
The word "all in empty cities" highlights the degree of desolation; The word "empty city" not only describes the horror after the empty robbery, but also contains infinite sadness about the bleak future of state affairs.
Shangque: Living in "Du Ming" and feeling the past and present.
Xiaque and Shangque are closely connected, and their feelings are further expressed by association comparison.
Du got the reward, and now it's important to be surprised.
Du Mu is good at traveling. I look forward to (he) revisiting (this) (also) meeting (surprise) today.
Analysis: change the beginning and start writing from Du Mu. Why do you write like this?
On the one hand, Du Fu's poems in Yangzhou are praised by later generations. On the other hand, it is the combination of the above, with Du Fu's poems as the background, that makes the prosperity of the past contrast with the decline of the present. The author's original intention is to praise Du Lang and hurt the times. Counting the Present expresses nostalgia for the past and harm to the present in the form of imagination. It echoes the above-mentioned Land of the West of Bamboo and Ten Miles of Spring Breeze, confirms the ups and downs and laments the sinking of Du Ming.
Longitudinal (5) cardamom (6) word power, brothel (7) dream well, it is difficult to show affection.
Even if (he) (writing) is exquisite (doing) (also) difficult to write (I am very sad at this time) affectionate.
Analysis:
Du Mu's Farewell and Memories of Time Past are his famous poems in Yangzhou. Here, he used "hard feelings" as a layer, which deepened his feelings; At the same time, Du Mu's own situation, even if there are many kinds of amorous feelings, can't help but be overwhelmed by the sadness of breaking, and the "sadness of parting" is further deepened. Then, from the idea to the reality, the scene blends and the mood is even sadder.
The 24th Bridge (8) is still there, but Leng Yue is silent.
There is also a cold moon, with ripples and silence.
Wave center: the center of the river, which means water wave here.
Analysis:
Here, feelings blend into the scenery, and the scenery sets off feelings. In particular, Du Mu's "Twenty-four Bridges on a Moonlit Night, Where Do Jade People Teach to Flute". Poetic and picturesque, entering a new realm, I feel euphemistic and moving. Here "still" points out that "although a country is divided and mountains and rivers last forever, green trees and grasslands will come again in spring." Sense, with "wave heart swings, Leng Yue is silent." Describe the emptiness of a name. One of the words "dang" is associated with Bridge, Leng Yue and "dang", which is quiet and affectionate, as if it were silent, such as resentment and weeping. , thus vividly depicting the ups and downs, sketching out a sad scene. This scene echoes and blends with the "dusk" and "empty city" of Shangque. As time goes on, the scene becomes more and more bleak and the mood becomes more and more heavy. This in-depth writing expresses the author's deep concern for the country, and the conclusion is also memorable.
Look at the bridge red medicine (9) and you will know who it is for every year!
Who is Miss Red Peony born for every year?
Know: If you still don't know, it must be the opposite. Year after year: year after year, year after year.
Analysis:
The end of the sentence is euphemistic lyricism. Beauty lies in the association of famous flowers, the transformation of scenery into feelings and the mourning of famous flowers. From a shallow point of view, empty cities are sparse, and red peonies bloom every year, but no one looks at them. There is a saying that "I don't know how many people are leaving the court tree, and the flowers will bloom in spring." (Poem by Cen Can) Touching the cold of Yangzhou with emotion. Sighing that famous flowers "know who is born" further expresses the feeling that flowers bloom and fall "people don't know" and the conclusion ends in sadness of parting.
Xiaque: It's hard to be affectionate to imagine Du Mu coming back.
Four. abstract
(A), the evaluation of this word
Understanding of "sorrow is greater than heart death";
The so-called "sadness of parting" is the deep hatred between home and country in the works. "The Book of Songs Feng Wang Su Xiao" "He Su Xiao, he Su Miao. The line is decadent and the center is shaken. People who know me worry me; What do I want if you don't know me? Who is this? " In the preface to poetry, it is said: Li Shuzhe, Min Ye. As for Zhou, Dr. Zhou went to the ancestral temple for the sake of subverting the people, and he refused to write poetry. "Later, I used Sadness of Parting to express the pain of family destruction. Each word has its own emphasis, and the whole article combines the preface of the word to express the "sadness of parting" and reflect today's desolation with association. Clever conception, strong contrast, harmonious scenes and bright colors, the author is proficient in rhythm, pays attention to form, uses harmonious, concise, euphemistic and implicit words, and has a tight structure.
Due to the limitations of the author's life and thoughts, his mood is too low (this can be compared with Xin Qiji's "Looking Back at the Gubei Pavilion in Jingkou").
(B), the comparison of the two words
1, the feeling is in the scene, seeing the feeling in the scene, and the aftertaste is endless. (same)
Liu Ci is a straight book, while Jiang Ci is implicit. "Every sentence has a aftertaste, and the article is more meaningful."
2, Jiang Ci: recalling the present and thinking about the past, the reality and reality are born together, and the artistic conception is deeply integrated. Borrowing words (borrowing Du Mu's poems), contrast, contrast.
Liu Ci: Reality and reality coexist, the distance is connected, and the imagination is rich, echoing before and after.
3. Jiang Ci: written casually, with harmonious syllables and careful use of words. Homemade songs
Liu Ci: The lines between the lines are full of predecessors' accents (epigrams), and the clues run through them naturally and smoothly.
(3), homework
1, [Thinking and Practice] Questions 2 and 3
2. Recite this word.
3. Self-study Yu Meiren (teaching and singing Xi Incident Episode), Queqiaoxian and A Prune.