There were few porcelains with year models in the Northern Song Dynasty. Not long ago, after the initial victory in the fight against the epidemic, the collection market recovered. I also got two pieces of Yuan You porcelain from my friends, which provided strong physical evidence for the prosperity of ancient Xiangyang in the Northern Song Dynasty.
? First, the whole process of discovery. The first one is the black decoration on white background of Cizhou Kiln, which was made by Shuang Yutu in Yuan You in the second year.
This pot was acquired by a friend in Yicheng many years ago when he was shoveling in the countryside. It has been placed for many years and was exhibited several years ago. My eyes lit up when I saw this thing. In two years, Yuan You wrote a good hand, which has the charm of Song calligraphy. Shuang Yutu's paintings are completely realistic, and a pair of fish swim in the water grass, which is lifelike. The pot holding height is 13 cm, the abdominal diameter is 10 cm and the bottom diameter is 5 cm. People in the Song Dynasty in Shuang Yutu liked it very much. This is a bronze mirror of the Song Dynasty with Shuang Yutu cast on it.
The use of fish pattern as decoration originated very early, and it was first seen in the painted pottery basin of Anbanpo culture in Xi 'an.
I have a jade fish pattern water tank of Sanxingdui culture in Guanghan, Sichuan.
? The second piece is a plum bottle with yellow glaze and black background in Cizhou Kiln.
On one side, there is the text "September, 2002 12 was written for the Zhang family in the west". Between the lines, I fully feel the activity of commodity economy in the Northern Song Dynasty, which is just 18 words, including date, year, manufacturer and user. Vivid advertising slogan. On the other hand, the model of the Northern Song Dynasty was Xun. In the plum blossom vase with black glaze, with a few simple strokes of yellow glaze, a very cute and naive big stupid bear is outlined, with a thick rope tied around its neck and tied to a stake on the ground. This plum blossom vase was posted by a friend near Xiangyang on 20 14 after I harvested my first vase. Fortunately, it's still there, so I got a match. The height of plum bottle is 3 1 cm, the abdominal diameter is 13 cm, and the bottom diameter is 8 cm. This pattern was widely used in the Song Dynasty. Now there is a Xiong Tu porcelain pillow in Cizhou Kiln in the Northern Song Dynasty in the British Museum.
? Both utensils are related to drinking, and they are containers for holding wine. People have to think of the elegance of ancient drinking. Four poets in the Tang Dynasty, He, Wang Zhihuan, Du Fu and Li Bai, once drank wine and enjoyed the moon together. During the dinner, someone suggested using a full moon cup as an inscription, and don't drink if you can't pick it up. He Zhangzhi sang the first sentence: "A full moon shines on the golden urn." Yin poured him a glass of wine. Wang Zhihuan continued to sing the second sentence: "The golden urn is full of wine." He immediately poured himself a glass of wine. Du Fu first poured a glass of wine, put it in front of him and said, "The full moon falls into a golden jar." Next, it was Li Bai's turn. He slowly reached out and drank all three glasses of wine in front of him. Then he laughed and said, "Take a golden bottle with you and swallow it with the moon." The other three poets all laughed. This historical allusion describes a profound and interesting wine culture. It also adds infinite interest to my two collections.
Second, why did the chronology appear on early porcelain in Yuan You? Let's take a look at this "Yuan You Bao Tong" coin issued by Song Zhezong.
This coin was collected in the late 1990s and bought from teacher Yuan Yushu of Yibin Education College. Later, I met Mr. Zhou, a collector in Zigong, Sichuan. He said that he personally selected it from a pile of unearthed Song money. The mother money of this cast iron money is more precious. Do you know who wrote Qian Wen? Yuan You was cast in the northern Zhao Dynasty (A.D. 1086 ~ 1093). Seal script and running script are shaped like money, including Xiaoping, folding in half and folding in three. Yuan Youtong's calligraphy method was written by Sima Guang and Su Shi, famous politicians, writers and calligraphers in the Northern Song Dynasty. "Su Ti", flowing, leaping, vigorous and unrestrained; Seal script, as if written by Sima Guang, is simple, soothing and elegant, beautiful and feminine.
In March of the eighth year of Yuanfeng (1085), Song Shenzong died, and his son Zhao Xu succeeded Song Zhezong. Zhezong was a child when he ascended the throne. When he was 9 years old, he changed his title to Yuan You. The queen mother served the young emperor with Zongshen's testamentary edict, listened to politics, reused Sima Guang and others, and restored the old law. Its era is also the peak of China's cultural development, especially articles, poems and calligraphy, and there are many masters, which have deeply influenced China's literature, culture and people's thoughts, and directly affected the casting of money and the prosperity of commodity economy in the Song Dynasty. As soon as Empress Dowager Gao came to power, she took Sima Guang as her phase.
"Regard the restoration of ancestral laws as the first priority, do benevolent government", and try to keep in touch with people's livelihood. The nine years under her rule, known in history as "the rule of Yuan You", are considered as the most peaceful times in the Song Dynasty, comparable to the "the rule of Wenjing" in the Han Dynasty and the "the rule of Zhenguan" in the Tang Dynasty. In other words, the people rested during this period and the commodity economy advanced by leaps and bounds. In the context of Vientiane's renewal, the folk artists of Cizhou Kiln randomly reflected what they saw and heard in their daily life on the porcelain-making process, creating vitality and vitality at that time and winning the love of the majority of users. Cizhou Kiln is the representative of Laoyaokou folk kiln in China and the largest folk kiln system in the north. It is said that there is Jingdezhen in the south and Pengcheng in the north. Compared with the five official kilns in the Song Dynasty, Cizhou kiln porcelain was produced for the daily life of the people, so the output was very large, and the number spread to today is also very large. . Cizhou kiln porcelain is most famous for drawing black patterns on white fetal glaze, commonly known as "black flowers on white background". As a representative of porcelain-making technology and Central Plains culture and art, it once became the "popular color" of oriental ancient porcelain, which had an impact on porcelain-making technology in Japan, North Korea and other countries. In the history of ceramics in China, the greatest contribution of Cizhou Kiln is to paint directly on the matrix with a brush dipped in glaze, and to combine ceramic skills with art, thus creating a new era of ceramic art. "The master of Cizhou Kiln painted patterns directly on the matrix with a brush dipped in glaze, with diverse patterns and simple and vivid pictures. It can be said that these decorative techniques have broken through the limitations of Ru Ci, official porcelain, Jun porcelain, Ge porcelain, Zhang porcelain and other popular color glazes. With more than 70 decorative techniques, the glory of the porcelain industry in the Song Dynasty has been created!
Thirdly, the practical significance and influence of these two Yuan-You porcelain pieces were discovered. To what extent did Xiangyang prosper in the Northern Song Dynasty? Everyone only knows the story of Guo Jing and Huang Rong guarding Xiangyang City from Mr. Jin Yong's pen. In fact, during the Jiayou period of the Northern Song Dynasty, the great writer Su Shi and his son also went to Xiangyang on their way to the capital of song dynasty. In the second year of Jiayou (1057), on April 8, Su Shi's mother Shicheng died, and the father and son went to the funeral and returned to Sichuan. In October of four years (AD 1059), I left Sichuan for Beijing and took a boat to Jingzhou. On the fifth day of the first month of the following year, we set out from Jingzhou, crossed the Hanshui River to Xiangyang, stepped into the Central Plains along the Xiangbian ancient road, passed through Dengzhou, Tang Zhou, Yexian, Xiangcheng, Xuzhou and Weishi, and arrived in Kaifeng, the capital city, on February 15th.
Walking eleven miles west from Xiangyang, after the father and son visited Xianshan, Su Xun and Su Zhe visited Xiangyang and Wanshan, visited the tomb of Wang Canzhi, a famous writer in the Three Kingdoms period, saw Wang Canjing and Zhong Xuan Tower, and enjoyed Wanshan Lake. After going down the mountain, Su Zhe painted on the ground with the hair pin and whip of another hat, telling Su Shi about the beautiful scenery on the mountain. "The mountains and rivers are close and beautiful, and laziness is not shameful. Ask them to be peaceful and row the ground. " So he wrote a poem called Wanshan.
Su Shi passed through Zhuge's hometown in Longzhong. Write a poem "Longzhong Dui":
Zhuge Xilai has been in love for thousands of years.
Today, when you visit your hometown, Shunk is very sad.
Who said Xiangyang wild, born this Wancheng division.
There are relics in the mountains, and the posture of the horned dragon is correct.
Longyou has beautiful mountains and waters, and Longyou has deep pools.
The empty winding path makes me cry. Through Su Shi's poems, we can see the prosperous Xiangyang at that time. Xiangyang, known as the thoroughfare of seven provinces, is rich in products. The northern porcelain of Cizhou Kiln was transported to Xiangyang by water via Xiangbian Avenue or Tangbai River. These two pieces of porcelain, which I have known for two years, witnessed the prosperity of Xiangyang in the Northern Song Dynasty. Although Cizhou Kiln is a folk kiln, it has performed well in the auction market because of its rich flavor of life. For example, Cizhou Kiln porcelain auction list No.9 Song to Jin Cizhou Kiln painted plum bottles with black flowers and twisted branches on white background.
Valuation: HKD 30-40-400,000.
Transaction price: HKD 200 million
Auction: Sotheby's Hong Kong 2065438+June 2006 auction.
Special performance: China's works of art
Time: 20 16-06-02
Size: 43.5cm
This product is exquisite and has been handed down from generation to generation in Cizhou Kiln. White, black and white set each other off, and the contrast is striking and impressive. It is rare to draw black decorative patterns with similar shapes, which can only be seen in a few world-famous collections, but their size and shape; Different patterns. Therefore, plum bottles are unique.
The fight against the epidemic is still going on, and we have gained unlimited spiritual wealth from the study of collections. Finally, this paper ends with Meng Haoran's "On Climbing the Wild Mountain with Friends".
When things change, time is often the time to form ancient and modern times.
Now we can climb the mountain to visit the historical sites preserved all over the country.
Weir water shows the river surface, and Yunmengze is cold and mysterious.
Yang's monument still exists, and we cried and read it.
April 18, 2020, Luming Literature Island, Yu Liang District, Xiangyang City.