Junior high school extracurricular classical Chinese reading and answers
(1) Wen Zhengming's calligraphy "Shu Lin Chronicle"
Original text
Wen Zhengming's Lin When he wrote the Thousand-Character Essay, he started writing ten copies a day, and his writing progressed greatly. Throughout my life, I have never been sloppy in writing, or answered people's simple notes, rarely taking care of them, but I will never tire of changing them over and over again, so the older I get, the more sophisticated they become.
Translation
Wen Zhengming supervised the writing of "Wen Wen", writing ten copies every day as a standard, and his calligraphy improved rapidly. He has never been careless about writing in his life. Sometimes when someone replies to a letter and it's a little bit incomplete, I must rewrite it over and over again without fear of trouble. Therefore, his calligraphy became more exquisite and beautiful as he got older.
Reading training
1. Explain the highlighted words in the following sentences
①Shu Sui Dajin②Born in Shu③Wen Zhengming wrote "The Thousand Character Essay"
④Or answer the person's brief note
2． Translate "If you don't take care of yourself, you will never get tired of changing it again and again" into modern Chinese.
Translation
3. Summarize the core of this passage in one sentence.
Answer:
(2) Xue Tan learned and praised
Original text
Xue Tan learned and praised Qin Qing, and he is still a master of Qing Dynasty. Skill, he said that he had exhausted it, so he resigned and returned home. Qin Qingfu stopped, walking on the outskirts of the road in farewell, Fujie's tragic song, the sound vibrated the trees, and the sound stopped the moving clouds. Xue Tan wanted to rebel, but he never dared to return.
Translation
Xue Tan learned singing from Qin Qing. Before he finished learning Qin Qing's skills, he thought he had finished learning, so he left and went home. Qin Qing did not dissuade him and bid him farewell on the road outside the city. Qin Qing beat the beat and sang a sad song. The song vibrated the trees, and the sound stopped the moving clouds. Xue Tan then apologized to Qin Qing and asked to come back to continue studying. From then on, he never dared to say that he wanted to go home again.
Reading training
1. Explain the meaning of the following highlighted words in the text.
① Qin Qingfu stops. ②The sound stops the moving clouds.
2． Add some usage and meaning in each of the following sentences. Which one of the incorrect judgments is ( )
A. ① is the same as ②, ③ is different from ④ B. ① is different from ②, ③ is the same as ④
C. ① is the same as ②, ③ is also the same as ④ D. ① is different from ②, and ③ is different from ④
3. Translation: Tan Nai seeks rebellion under high pressure.
Translation:
4. What inspiration does this story give you?
Answer:
5. Is there anything redeemable about Xue Tan? If so, what is it?
Answer:
(3) Fan Zhongyan has ambitions in the world
Original text
Fan Zhongyan was orphaned at the age of two, and his family was poor and helpless. He rarely has great ambitions. He always takes the world as his own responsibility and studies hard. Sometimes he is lazy at night and often feeds his noodles with water. He eats porridge while reading without food. ‖Since he was an official, he always spoke generously about world affairs without caring about his own life. He was even slandered and demoted, and was relegated to Dengzhou as a political advisor. ‖Zhong Yan worked hard and worked hard, but his diet was not heavy on meat. His wife only had enough food and clothing. He often recited to himself: "A scholar should worry about the worries of the world first, and rejoice in the happiness of the world later."
Translation
Fan Zhongyan lost his father when he was two years old, and his family was poor and homeless. according to. He had lofty ambitions when he was young and often washed his head and face with cold water. I often couldn't even eat, so I ate porridge and kept studying. After becoming an official, he often talked about world affairs without caring about his own life. So much so that some people were demoted for speaking ill of him, and were demoted from being the governor of Dengzhou to being the governor of Dengzhou. Fan Zhongyan trained himself hard and did not eat much meat. He only provided food and clothing for his wife and children by himself. He often recited two sentences from his works: "A scholar should worry before the world is worried, and be happy after the world is happy."
Reading training
1. Pronounce and explain the underlined words in the following sentences.
① Eat porridge and pronounce: Definition:
② Eat water to enrich your noodles Pronunciation: Definition:
③ Eat without food Pronunciation:
>④Even being slandered and derogatory: Meaning:
2. The correct translation of "Every person takes the world as his own responsibility" is ( )
A. Take world affairs as your own responsibility every day.
B. He often regards managing national affairs as his due responsibility.
C. He often regards world affairs as his own duty.
D. Take managing national affairs as your due responsibility every day.
3. The following sentences are translated into modern Chinese.
① Or if you are lazy at night, you often feed yourself with water:
② The wife only has enough food and clothing:
4. The layers of this text have been marked in the text. Please briefly summarize the meaning of the layers.
①
②
③
5. "Be worried about the world's worries first, and be happy after the world's happiness" is a famous sentence in "Yueyang Tower" written by Fan Zhongyan. Like that article, this sentence plays an important role in this article.
(4) Sima Guang was eager to learn, "Records of the Words and Deeds of Famous Officials of the Three Dynasties"
Original text
When Sima Wen Gong was young, he was not as good as others when asking questions, so he lived in groups and gave lectures , after all the brothers have finished reciting it, they stop wandering around; when I am alone, I can only recite it twice as many times as possible. The person who exerts more force will achieve farther, and what he recites carefully will be remembered throughout his life. Wen Gong once said: "You can't fail to recite the book, either on horseback or when you are up at night, and you will gain a lot by chanting its words and thinking about its meaning."
Translation
Sima When Guang was young, he worried that his ability to memorize poems and books in preparation for responses was not as good as others. Everyone studied and discussed together. The other brothers had already learned how to recite and went to play and rest. (Sima Guangque) studied hard alone, as focused and hard as Dong Zhongshu and Confucius when they were studying, until they could recite skillfully. (Because) The more effort you put into reading now, the more lasting the rewards will be. The books he has read and recited intensively will be remembered throughout his life. Sima Guang once said: "You cannot read without memorizing. When riding a horse or walking, or when you can't sleep in the middle of the night, you can recite the article you have read and think about its meaning, and you will gain a lot!"
Reading training
1. Explain the highlighted words in the following sentences.
① Asking questions about suffering is not as good as others ② If you can recite it twice, it will stop
③ If you can recite it twice, it will stop ④ Chanting his poems
2. One item that is different from the usage of "double" in "If you can recite it twice is to stop" is ( )
A. Only humiliated at the hands of slaves B. Talent and beauty are not visible
C． All the guests who were seated stretched their necks and looked sideways D. There is a good ventriloquist in Beijing
3. The sentence that summarizes the main idea in this article is: ( )
A. The one who exerts more force will get farther. B. What he masters is something he will never forget.
C. The book must be recited. D. If you chant its words and think about its meaning, you will gain a lot.
4． In the article, "The only one who draws the curtain and makes the most complete works" means that only Sima Guang studied hard on his own. We have learned a similar idiom that also describes diligent study. This idiom is
(5) Ouyang Xiu studied "The Deeds of Ouyang Gong"
Original text
Ouyang Gong He was orphaned at the age of four, and his family was poor and had no resources. The lady painted the ground with grass and taught calligraphy. Recite more ancient passages. It was a little longer, and there was no book to read at home, so the scholars in Luli borrowed it and read it, or copied it. So much so that he forgets to sleep and eat day and night, only studying is his main task. He has written poems and texts since he was a child, and he has written like an adult.
Translation
Mr. Ouyang Xiu's father passed away when he was four years old. His family was poor and had no money for him to study. The wife used reed stalks to draw pictures on the sand and taught him to write. He also taught him to recite many passages from ancient times. When he got older and there were no books to read at home, he would go to nearby scholars' homes to borrow books to read, and sometimes copy them. In this way, I worked day and night, forgetting to eat and sleep, just studying. From his childhood poems and poems, his writing has reached an adult level, which is so high.
Reading training
1. The meaning of "book" in "teaching the written word" in the article is the same as the word "book" in which of the following sentences? ( )
A. The soldier bought a fish and cooked it, and found a book in the belly of the fish, so he thought it was strange.
B. However, Yu's official letter is not similar to Zhang's stingy letter.
C. One man arrived with a letter, and the other two men died in battle.
D. It was written in Dan on silk and read "King Chen Sheng", and he placed it in the belly of a fish that someone had caught.
2． Translate sentences.
①Ouyang Xiu was orphaned at the age of four. Translation:
② Reading is the only thing. Translation:
3. As far as this article is concerned, Ouyang Xiu’s spirit that we should learn from is:
4. Ouyang Xiu's success, in addition to his own efforts, is another reason that promoted his growth
(6) Wang Miansengsi read "Collected Works of Song Scholars" at night
Original text
Those who are crowned kings are from Zhuji. When he was seven or eight years old, his father ordered him to herd cattle on the mountain, sneak into the school building, and listen to the students reciting books. After listening, he memorized them silently. When he returned home in the evening, he forgot his cow, and his father was angry and bitten him. It's back to its original state. The mother said, "You are so crazy, why won't you listen to what you do?" Mian Yin left and lived in a monk's temple. At night, he went out and sat on the Buddha's lap, held the plan and illuminated the long-lit lamp, and read it, and it was so clear that the whole day was over. There are many earthen idols in the Buddha statues, they are ferocious and frightening, and they are as calm as if they don't know how to look at them.
Translation
Wang Mian is from Zhuji County. When he was seven or eight years old, his father asked him to herd cattle on the field. He secretly ran into the school to listen to the students reading. After listening to it, I always remember it silently. When he returned home in the evening, he forgot all about the cattle grazing. Wang Mian's father was furious and beat Wang Mian. Afterwards, he was still like this. His mother said: "This child wants to study so much, why not let him do it?" Wang Mian therefore left home and stayed in a temple. As soon as night came, he would quietly come out and sit on the lap of the Buddha statue. He held a book in his hand and read under the light of the lantern in front of the Buddha statue. The sound of the book continued until dawn. Most of the Buddha statues are made of clay, and their faces are ferocious and scary. Although Wang Mian was a child, his expression was calm, as if he had not seen anything.
Reading training
1. Combined with the meaning of the text, explain the highlighted words in the following sentences.
①Sneaking into the school ②Remembering silently
③The child is so crazy ④Tian Ruo disappears
2. One item that is different from the usage of "混" in "曷不不学不了事" is ( )
A. Only the bones are left B. Sitting full of silence C. Sitting on Buddha's lap D. The cute ones are very cute
3. The item with the same usage of the word "yi" in "Yisengsi Yili" is ( )
A. Either thinking of death or thinking of death B. People must be divided
C. It belongs to me to write down to remember it D． Split the wolf's head with a knife
5. It can be seen from this article that the fundamental reason why Wang Mian later became a famous painter and poet is that
(7) Zhang Wugu diligently studied "Helin Jade Dew"
Original text
Zhang Wugu was relegated to Hengpu and lived in Baojie Temple in the west of the city. His dormitory has a short window, and he holds a book under the window every day and reads in full view. This is fourteen years. Returning from the north, the traces of the double folds on the stone under the window are still visible.
Translation
Zhang Jiucheng was demoted to Hengpu and lived in Jie Temple in the west of the city. The room he lived in had a short window. Every day at dawn, he would always stand under the window with a book and read in the faint morning light. This has been going on for fourteen years. When he returned to the north, the traces of his feet were still faintly visible on the stone under the window.
Reading training
1. Explain the highlighted words in the following sentences.
①Zhang Wugu was banished to Hengpu ②Every day he was so happy that he often held a book under the window
③Read it clearly ④It has been like this for fourteen years
2. Translate the underlined sentences.
Translation:
3. Choose one of the following sentences that has the same usage and meaning of the punctuated word ( )
It is a horse, although it can run a thousand miles, it is like earth and stone
A B
If this is the case, the bedroom in the fourteenth year has a short window
4. This story describes Zhang Jiucheng's diligent study.
"Genius comes from diligence" This is a truth summarized by ancient and modern scholars through practice. Please give a few examples of this aspect from ancient and modern times at home and abroad
(8) Send a preface to Ma Sheng in Dongyang (excerpt) to Song Lian
p>Original text
I was addicted to learning when I was young, and my family was poor, so I had no way to write books and make insights. I borrowed them from a book collector's home and wrote them down by hand, counting the days to return them. It's very cold, the inkstone is hard, and the fingers cannot be bent or stretched, so don't be lazy. After recording, I went to see him off, not daring to exceed the appointment. Therefore, many people spend their spare time reading books, and I have to read all kinds of books.
Not only do I admire the way of sages and sages, but I also worry that there are no masters, famous people and travellers, so I try to travel hundreds of miles away to study the scriptures and ask questions from the pioneers in my hometown. The first Dade Long Wangzun, his disciples and disciples filled his room, and his words did not even drop. Yu Li waited on the left and right, asking questions and asking questions, leaning down to ask for help; or when he was yelling at someone, he would become more respectful and courteous, not daring to say a word; when he was pleased, he would ask again. Therefore, although I am stupid, I may have heard something.
Translation
When I was young, I loved reading. Because my family was poor and I couldn't buy books to read, I often borrowed them from people who collected books, copied them by hand, and counted the appointed days. Return it on time. When the weather was cold, the inkstone formed solid ice and my fingers could not bend or stretch. I still insisted on copying and did not dare to be lazy at all. After copying, send it to others immediately, and never dare to exceed the agreed deadline. Therefore, others were willing to lend me books, so I was able to read many books.
When I reached adulthood, I envied moral and knowledgeable people even more, but I was afraid that there would be no masters or celebrities to enlighten me. I once ran hundreds of miles away and took scriptures to consult local moral and knowledgeable seniors. The ancestor was a highly respected person, and the room was packed with students, but his manner of speaking never showed any politeness. I (respectfully) stood and waited on my ancestors, asking him questions and asking questions. I bent down and listened intently to ask for advice. Sometimes when I was scolded, my attitude became more respectful and polite, and I did not dare to answer a word. ; Wait until he is happy and ask him questions. So even though I was very stupid, I still gained knowledge and increased my knowledge.
Reading training
1. The following usage of "with" is different from the other three items in ( )
A. There is no way to write a book to observe B. Counting days to pay back C. Therefore, there are so many people that they can only take a break from studying D. Lean over and listen to the invitation
2. Translate the following sentences:
①Therefore, many people have spare time to study.
②As soon as he is happy, please ask again.
3. Answer the following questions.
①What is the reason for "Yu Yinde read all the books"?
②What is the reason for "Although I am stupid, I will learn something"?
4． What kind of spirit does this short article praise Song Lian?
Answer:
(9) Shi Kuang’s Theory of Learning
Original text
Duke Ping of Jin asked Yu Shi Kuang: “I am seven years old. 10. If you want to learn, it's already late. "Shi Kuang said: "Why not Bingzhu?"
Ping Gong said: "How can you be a minister and play with your king?"
Shi Kuang said: "How dare I, a blind minister, play tricks on his emperor? I heard that: when I am young, I love to learn, like the rising sun; when I am strong, I love to learn, like the light in the sun; when I am old, I love to learn, like the brightness of a candle. Which one is better?" "Is this an act of ignorance?"
Ping Gong said: "How good!"
Translation
Ping Gong of Jin asked Shi Kuang, "I am already seventy years old. I want to learn from the Lord, but I'm afraid it's too late."
Shi Kuang replied, "Why don't you light a candle?"
Ping Gong said, "How can I be a minister?" Is the monarch joking?"
Shi Kuang said: "I am blind, how dare I tease the monarch? I once heard that when I was young, I loved learning, just like the rising sun. "When you are middle-aged, you like studying, just like the sun at noon; when you are old, you like studying, which is as bright as lighting a candle. Which one is better, lighting a candle or walking in darkness?"
Ping Gong said: " Well done!”
Reading training
1. Explain the highlighted words in the following sentences.
① Duke Ping of Jin asked Yu Shikuang, ② How dare I dare to play tricks on my king
③ Who is doing this with ignorance? ④ Why not burn the candle
2. In the article, Shi Kuang used three metaphors to illustrate what principle?
Answer:
(10) Cheng Menlixue's "History of the Song Dynasty"
Original text
Yang Shi met Cheng Yi in Luo . At that time Gai was forty years old. One day I saw Yi, Yi was sitting quietly, but he and You Ye stood there and couldn't leave. When Yi realized it, the snow outside the door was one foot deep.
Translation
Yang Shi went to Luoyang to ask for an audience with Cheng Yi. Yang Shi was probably forty years old at that time. One day when visiting Cheng Yi, Cheng Yi occasionally sat down and dozed off. Yang Shi and You Ye stood outside the door and waited without leaving. When Cheng Yi woke up, the snow outside the door was already more than a foot thick.
Reading training
1. Explain the dotted words in the sentence.
When I stayed with You Zuo, I couldn’t leave. Yi Jijue
2. What inspiration did you get from the article?
Answer:
(11) Chiseling the wall to borrow light from "Miscellaneous Notes of Xijing"
Original text
Kuang Heng studied hard and burned candles, and his neighbors had The candle is not caught, but the candle is passed through the wall to draw its light, and the book is reflected in the light and read. The people in the town were illiterate and their family was rich and well-educated. Heng worked as a servant without asking for compensation. The master asked Heng strangely, and Heng said, "I would like to have the master's books and read them all over." The master sighed and gave him the books, and then he established a university.
Translation
Kuang Heng was diligent and studious, but there was no candle lighting at home. There were candles in the neighbor's house, but the light couldn't shine into his house, so Kuang Heng cut a hole in the wall to attract the light from the neighbor's house, so that the light could shine on the books for reading. There was a wealthy man named Wen Bu Shi from a wealthy family in his hometown. He was a rich man and had many books at home. Kuang Heng went to his house to work as a hired worker without any reward. The master felt very strange and asked him why he was like this. He said, "I hope I can get your book and read it through." After hearing this, the master sighed deeply and lent him the book to read. So Kuang Heng became a great scholar.
Reading training
1. Explain the highlighted words in the following sentences.
①The neighbor had a candle but he didn't catch it ②Heng was his servant
③He was given a book ④It became a university
2. Translate the following sentences.
/p>
Translation:
3. The item that has the same usage as the word "Yi" in the sentence "ZiGiYishu" is ( )
A. What can be gained by observing people's demeanor as a husband? B. Don’t be happy with things, don’t be sad with yourself
C. Why fight D. People must be divided
4. An idiom from this story is, literally, this idiom means
, now use this idiom to describe
(answer with a four-character phrase)
(12) Seven records of "History of the Ming Dynasty·Biography of Zhang Pu"
Original text
Pu was eager to learn when he was young, and he would always write down the notes when he read them. Once he had recited the notes, he would burn them. Also note, this has been the case since six or seven. When the right hand holds the tube, the palms of the fingers become cocoons. In the winter, my hands were boiled several times, and the book was later named "Qilu".
Translation
Zhang Pu has been passionate about learning since he was a child. All the books he read must be copied by his own hands. After copying and reciting it, he would burn it and copy it again, like this Repeated six or seven times before stopping. There are calluses on the palm of his right hand where he holds the pen. In winter, his fingers were frozen and cracked, and he had to wash them in hot water several times a day. Later, he named the room where he studied "Qilu".
Reading training
1. Explain the highlighted words in the following sentences.
① What you read must be paid by hand ② It has been like this for six or seven years
③ Riwotang several times ④ Later named the study studio...
2 ． The ones with the same meaning as "Ji" in "This is how the six bags have begun" are ( )
A. It can be a big wind, a fistula, or a fistula B. The note has been recited
C. Can't help myself D. Bian Que has fled Qin
3. Translate sentences.
①This has been the case since the sixth or seventh year
Translation:
②The posthumous name of this study is called "Qilu"
Translation:
4. Which one of the correct judgments about the meaning of the dotted words in the following sentences is ( )
①The post-name is Dushu Zhai: "Qilu" ②Who is named?
③Can't Name a place ④ If the mountain is not high, it will be named if there are immortals
A. ① is the same as ②, ③ is also the same as ④ B. ① is not the same as ②, and ③ is not the same as ④.
C. ① is the same as ②, ③ is not the same as ④ D. ① is different from ②, ③ is the same as ④
5. Zhang Pu. The reason why he became a famous scholar and writer in the late Ming Dynasty can be seen from the article that he has been studying since he was a child. He practiced basic skills diligently and developed excellent kung fu. It can be seen that "
" (Answer with a famous saying)
(13) Learning chess
Original text
Yi Qiu is the best chess for the whole country. . Let Yiqiu insult two people to play, one of them concentrates on it, but Yiqiu listens; although the other listens, he thinks that there is a swan approaching, and he wants to help him and shoots it with his bow. Even though I have learned from him, I am not as good as him. Why is he so wise? I said: Not so.
Translation
Yiqiu is the best chess player. He was asked to teach two people to play chess. One of them concentrated on listening to Yi Qiu's teachings. Although the other person was listening, he always thought that a swan was about to fly over and wanted to shoot it with a bow and arrow. In this way, although he studied with the previous person, he did not learn as well as the previous person. Can we say that this is because his intelligence is not as good as the previous one? I said: That's not the case.
Reading training
1. Explain the highlighted words in the following sentences.
① Let Yi Qiu teach two people to play ② This is not the case
③ Think of the aid and shoot it ④ Because he is smarter than others
2 ． The following sentence is different from the sentence pattern of "Yi Qiu, the best chess player in the country" is ( )
A. Husband fights with courage B. This is the grand view of Yueyang Tower
C. What’s more, it’s unfair to you D. Lotus, the gentleman of flowers
3. Translation: Wei Yi Qiu is listening
Translation:
4. In this article, through the trivial matter of learning chess, what truth does the author intend to illustrate?
Answer:
(14) Li Sheng talks about good scholars
Original text
Wang Sheng loves to learn but cannot learn the law. His friend Li Sheng asked: "Do you believe that you are not good at learning?" Wang Sheng did not say, but said: "I can fully understand what the teacher has said. Isn't he also good at learning?" Li Sheng said. : "Confucius said, 'Learning without thinking means nothing'. Learning requires good thinking. If you aspire to it without thinking about it, you will eventually achieve nothing. What do you mean by good learning?" Wang Sheng was stunned and responded. Walk. After staying for five days, Li Sheng went to find Wang Sheng and told him: "A good scholar is not ashamed to ask, what should be wrong with a good person? The biggest taboo of a scholar is to be self-loathing, and why should he change it? Otherwise, he will be wasted in his years." "Although I want to change my mind, I'm afraid I can't do it." Wang Sheng was shocked and said, "I'm not aware of the goodness of your words today. Please sit down on your right and show your kindness."
Translation
Wang Sheng loves learning but cannot learn the law. His friend Li Sheng asked him: "Some people say that you are not good at learning. Is it true?" Wang Sheng was unhappy and said: "I can remember everything the teacher said. Isn't this also good at learning?" Li Sheng advised him: "Confucius said, 'Study, but don't think, and you will feel confused.' The importance of learning is to be good at thinking. If you just remember the knowledge taught by the teacher, but don't think, you will definitely not achieve anything in the end." , On what basis do you say you are good at learning?" Wang Sheng became even more angry, ignored Li Sheng, turned around and ran away.
Five days later, Li Sheng went to Wang Sheng and told him: "Those who are good at learning do not consider it a shame to ask for advice from people with lower status than themselves. They choose the best person and follow him, hoping to hear the truth!" Before I finished speaking, your expression changed and you almost refused to accept others. What is the (attitude) that people who are good at learning should have? The biggest taboo of people who learn is not to be satisfied with themselves. Why don't you correct it? If you don't correct it, you will waste time when you get older. Even if you want to correct yourself, it may be too late." After hearing what he said, Wang Sheng was shocked, woke up, and apologized: "I really do. Not smart, I realized you were right today. I take your words as a motto to show clear warning."
Reading training
1. Add the dotted Li phonetic pronunciation in the following sentences and explain it.
①I know the pronunciation and meaning of Nengzhi
②Li Sheng said that the pronunciation and meaning
③Return to the pronunciation and meaning
④訨Age is wasted. Sound and meaning
2. One item that is different from the usage of "die" in "Hequ Zhisou died in response" is ( )
A. Wang Sheng doesn’t say B. What is the meaning of change? C． I know what I can do D. Talent and beauty are not visible
3. Translate the following sentence
"A good scholar is not ashamed to ask questions, choose the good and follow it, hoping to hear the Tao."
Translation:
4. Choose the one that has the same meaning as the word "gu" in the sentence "Li Sheng died and found Wang Sheng" ( )
A. The public asked why B. Guang Gu said several words and wanted to die C. Therefore, it is said D. Marquis Huan asked people to ask about it
5. What does Li Sheng think is a "good scholar"? (Answer in the original text)
Answer:
(15) Question about "The Collected Works of Meng Tu"
Original text
The Learning of the Gentleman Must be good at asking questions. Asking and learning complement each other. Without learning, there will be no doubts. Without asking, there will be no broad knowledge. If you are eager to learn but not diligent in asking questions, you are not really a good scholar. The reason is clear, but it may not be enough to understand the matter. It is clear that it is big, but it may not be aware of its details. How can it be ridiculed without asking?
Translation
A knowledgeable person must like to ask questions and ask others for advice. Asking and learning are complementary to each other. Without studying and studying, it is impossible to find problems, and without asking questions and asking for advice, you cannot expand your knowledge. Someone who just likes to learn but is unwilling to ask others for advice from time to time is not considered a person who truly loves to learn. Even if you understand the principle, you may not be able to apply it in practice. Even if you understand the main things, you may not understand its details. So besides asking others for advice, where can you deduce and solve it?
Reading training
1. Explain the highlighted words in the following sentences.
① If you don’t learn, you won’t be doubtful. ② You may not achieve anything.
③ If you don’t ask, you won’t have broad knowledge. ④ If you don’t ask, it will be ridiculous
2 ． The dotted "er" in the following sentences has the same usage as the "er" in "Love to learn but not diligent in asking" is ( )
A. The wine that contains the heart is also B. However, you can use it as bait
C. People don’t know and are not surprised D. Living facing the mountains
3. Translation: "Questioning and learning complement each other."
Translation:
4. Summarize the central argument of this article in your own words. (No more than 10 words)
Answer:
(16) Teaching and Learning (Excerpt) "Notes"
Original text
Although There are fine dishes, but you don't know their purpose if you eat them; even though there is a perfect way, you don't know their goodness if you study them. This is why after learning, one realizes one’s shortcomings, and after teaching, one realizes one’s difficulties. If you know your shortcomings, you can then reflect on yourself; if you know your difficulties, you can then strengthen yourself. Therefore, it is said: Teaching and learning are mutually reinforcing.
Translation
Even if there is delicious cooked food, if you don’t eat it, you won’t know its taste; even if there is the best truth, if you don’t learn it, you won’t know its benefits. Therefore, after learning, you will know your own shortcomings, and after teaching, you will know that you do not understand clearly. Once you know what you are lacking, you can then study hard on your own. Therefore: teaching and learning promote each other.
Reading training
1. Give the dotted words in the following sentences their phonetic notation ( ) and their definition on the horizontal line.
① One does not know the purpose of food ( ) ② Teaching and learning ( )
③ Although there is a perfect way ( ) ④ Knowing the difficulties, one can then strengthen oneself ( )
2． Translate sentences.
①After learning, you will know your deficiencies, and after teaching, you will know your difficulties
Translation:
So it is said: Teaching and learning also make each other
②Translation:
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3． "Teaching and Learning" focuses on the relationship between teaching and learning and explains the principle of teaching and learning.
4． (Fill in the blanks with the original text) This article first uses " " as a comparison and then introduces "
", and then explains it from the two aspects of teaching and learning, and finally comes to the conclusion of " ".
(17) Sun Quan encouraged students to study "Zizhi Tongjian"
Original text
At the beginning, Quan said to Lu Meng: "You are now in charge of Tu. We must learn from it!" Mencius said that there are many things in the Israeli army. Quan said: "Why do I want you to study the classics and become a doctor? But when you dabble in it and see the past, you talk about many things, who is so lonely? Reading alone is of great benefit." Meng Nai began to study. When Lu Su passed by Xunyang, he discussed with Meng, and he was shocked and said: "The talent you have now is not as good as returning to Wu Xia Amen!" Meng said: "We have been apart for three days, even if we treat each other with admiration, why is it so late for my brother to see what happened? Huh!" Su then paid homage to Meng's mother and left as friends.
Translation
At first, Sun Quan said to Lu Meng: "You are now holding an important position, so you have to study! Lu Meng declined on the excuse that there were many affairs in the army. Sun Quan said: "Should I Do you want to study classics and become a doctor? Just read widely and see what happened in the past. You said there are many things to do, how can you compare with me? I often read and feel that I have gained a lot. "So Lü Meng began to study. When Lu Su passed by Xunyang, he and Lü Meng discussed military affairs. He was very surprised and said: "Your current talents and strategies are no longer the same as Amen of Wu in the past! "Lu Meng said: "Students should look at each other again after being separated for three days. Why do most people change their views so late? " Lu Su then paid a visit to Lü Meng's mother and became friends with Lü Meng before saying goodbye.
Reading training
1. Choose one of the following sentences that uses the word "yi" differently. ( )
A. Resigning to the army B. Remaining in retirement C. Killing the wolf with a knife
2. , these two common characters are: ,
3. Translate the sentence and write an idiom derived from it
"Even if we see each other with admiration after three days apart, brother." It's too late to see what happened! ”
Translation:
Idiom:
4. What does this article illustrate by describing the story of Sun Quan advising Lu Meng to study hard?
Answer:
(18) Yan Hui was eager to learn "Historical Records"
Original text
When Hui was twenty-nine years old, his hair was all white and Confucius died. Crying and mourning, he said: "Since I have returned, my family will be better friends." Duke Ai of Lu asked, "Which of my disciples is eager to learn?" Confucius said to him: "Those who have good looks are eager to learn, do not express their anger and do not make mistakes." Unfortunately, his life was short-lived and he died now. "
Translation
Yan Hui was twenty-nine years old, his hair was all white, and he died prematurely. Confucius cried very sadly and said: "Since I had Yan Hui, The students (taking Yan Hui as an example) became closer to me. Duke Ai of Lu asked (Confucius): "Who is the most learned among (your) students?" Confucius replied: "There is a man named Yan Hui who is the best to learn. (He) never takes his temper out on others and never makes the same mistake again." Unfortunately, he died young, and now there is no one as studious as Yan Hui. ”
Reading training
1. Point out the false characters in the following sentences.
① When the hair turns white, the fleas will die ② Now they will die
2. Explain the underlined words in the following sentences
① Confucius cried in sorrow ② The disciples are close to each other
③ Who is a disciple who loves to learn ④ Never make mistakes
3. Translate the following sentence.
“Don’t express your anger, don’t make mistakes.
”
Translation:
4. In what aspects does Yan Hui’s studiousness manifest itself? (Answer in the original text)
Answer:
(19) Bingyuan Weeping Study "Chutan Collection"
Original text
When Bingyuan was a few years old, he passed by the bookstore and cried. weep? "Original saying: "The lonely are susceptible to injury, and the poor are susceptible. Those who write books from husbands will have relatives if they get scholars. On the one hand, I hope that he will not be alone, and on the other hand, he is envious of his studies. The center of his heart is sentimental, so he weeps. The teacher said sympathetically: "If you want to write, you can listen to it!" "Original saying: "No money. The master said: "The boy is ambitious, and I am a disciple who teaches me without asking for qualifications." "So he began to study. During the winter, he recited "The Classic of Filial Piety" and "The Analects of Confucius."
Translation
Bing Yuan lost his father when he was young. When he was a few years old, he passed by the book school. , (hearing the sound of books) couldn't help but cry. The teacher at the book school asked him: "Why are children crying?" Bing Yuan replied: "Orphans are prone to sadness, and poor people are prone to sentimentality." Those who study, those who can learn, must be children with parents. Firstly, I envy them for not being alone, and secondly, I envy them for being able to go to school. I feel sad inside and cry because of it. The teacher took pity on Yu and said, "If you want to study, just come!" Bing Yuan entered the school and studied extremely hard. In one winter, I became familiar with "The Classic of Filial Piety" and "The Analects of Confucius".
Reading training
1. Explain the underlined words in the following sentences.
①Anyone who has a scholar ②However, he can use it as bait
③My disciples teach each other ④The disciples think you have a teacher
2. Translate sentences.
① The lonely are susceptible to injury, and the poor are susceptible.
Translation:
②On the one hand, I hope that he will not be alone, and on the other hand, I envy him to learn
Translation:
③The boy is ambitious , I am a disciple teaching each other, not asking for capital.
Translation:
3. What is worthy of our admiration for the teachers in the book school
4. What should we learn from Bing Yuan?
Answer:
(20) Dong Yu "Sanyu" read "Three Kingdoms"
Original text
(Dong) Yu Zi Ji Zhi is quiet and eager to learn. Xing Pingzhong, Guanzhong was disturbed, and he and his brother Ji Zhongyi general Duan Xuan. He collects rice grains and sells them, often holding scriptures in hand and studying them in his spare time. His elder brother laughs at him but does not change his mind. ......
When he encountered the good rule of "Laozi", he wrote annotations for "Laozi". He is also good at "Zuo Shi Zhuan", and even wrote "Zhu Mo Bie Yi". There are people who are scholars, and they have met.