As the eldest son of the Wei family's first wife in 250 years, he has been regarded as the apple of his eye since his birth and has been greatly loved. His great-grandfather wrote poems about his birth, and his father often tied a rope to him for fear that he would fall. Because of the relationship between the family and the emperor, Fumimaro Konoe was strictly coached and trained by the "natural shortage and ordinary" since he was a child. At the age of three, his grandmother left a deep imprint on his heart with the feudal ethics that worshipped the royal family and was loyal to the emperor. 1904 (Meiji 37), 65438+ 10, the father who advocated war against Russia died suddenly. At that time, Fumimaro Konoe, who was 12 years old, inherited the title, and the crowded guard room suddenly became deserted. Everyone who was taken care of by Benedict before has changed their faces. They often go to the guards' houses to ask for debts and even move things as collateral. Fumimaro Konoe, a teenager, felt that the world was becoming cold because of the decrease of family wealth. Most children in China will continue to study in higher schools after graduating from middle schools in China Learning Institute. However, he was influenced by Nitobe Inazo, then president of the former No.1 institution of higher learning (one of the predecessors of the University of Tokyo), and enrolled in the former No.1 institution of higher learning. Because of his noble status, his classmates and teachers kept polite friendship with him, and he was distressed by having no friends. During this period, he was a melancholy young man, with many prejudices, and liked western European legendary literature. I even want to quit my title and become an ordinary person. 19 12 entered Imperial University of Tokyo (postwar Tokyo University) in March to study philosophy. Later, he was attracted by Ikutaro, a famous economist and Marxist philosopher of economics. In June 5438, he transferred to Imperial University of Kyoto (Kyoto University after the war) to study law. He once bought cakes for his poor neighbors and advocated the honor of Corporal Li Xian. The phrase "beggars are also guests" has won him many good reputations.
During this period, he met Saionji Kinmochi, known as the "last elder". At that time, the Dazheng democratic movement centered on protecting the constitution flourished, and there were a lot of news in the newspapers every day, which made the guards who used to regard politics as vulgar things begin to pay attention to the political situation. Cylonski studied calligraphy with grandfather's uncle and became good friends with his father. So, when a guard dressed as a student came to visit him one day, Cyanji felt very cordial. Although he was an uncle for several generations, former Prime Minister Siang Ki paid tribute to the student health care team by addressing him as "Your Excellency". Since then, the guard has established political relations with Sainji. 19 16 (taisho five years), according to the order of the house of lords, he entered the house of lords as a duke at the age of 25. 19 18 (taisho 7 years), wrote "Promoting Anglo-American Pacifism" for Japan and Japanese magazine. He wrote in his paper: "Anglo-American pacifism is actually a muddle-through theory, which uses the status quo to maintain the status quo and has nothing to do with justice and human nature. Chinese theorists are intoxicated by their beautiful rhetoric and think that peace is human nature. At present, China's international status is no different from German and Italian. In Japan, which should break the status quo, it is singing Anglo-American pacifism and longing for the League of Nations as much as praying for the gospel. It's really humble. Compared with justice and humanity, it's really a snake. " It can be seen that Jin Wei's resistance to the Anglo-Saxon world outlook was formed a long time ago, which is inseparable from the influence of his father Jin Duwei Kun, who was active in the Meiji period. The theory of "excluding Anglo-American standard pacifism" is more distinct than his father's thought, which laid a theoretical foundation for the formation of a triple alliance between Jin Wei and Japan, Germany and Italy, and put forward the idea of * * * glory circle in Greater East Asia after the formation of the cabinet.
19 19 (the eighth year of taisho) He and Saionji Kinmochi, who represented Japan, participated in the Paris Peace Conference and gained international knowledge. He passed through Shanghai and held talks at Sun Yat-sen's request .. Only after reading his articles in Shanghai English newspapers did Sun Wen have the idea of meeting him. During the Paris Conference, the fierce competition among imperialist powers left a deep impression on the guards. After returning to China, he thought in Notes on Europe and America after World War II that the Paris Peace Conference showed the violence of big countries, and the principle of power domination was iron. In the spirit of the League of Nations based on justice and peace-keeping, the proposal of "racial equality" should be adopted, but it was put forward by Japan with insufficient strength and was not adopted; On the contrary, the "unreasonable Monroe Doctrine" was put forward by the powerful United States and incorporated into the League of Nations principle. It is argued that "China, with its small area and overpopulation, is expanding outward, which conforms to the natural trend", and that Japanese nationals should "live for themselves in an upright manner and demand a place for development". It can be said that since youth, the guards have established a rational ideological basis for aggression and used it to guide their life activities.
After the Versailles Conference, he traveled in Europe for a period of time. After the war, the democratic movement in Western Europe gave young guards a great impact, and he felt more and more that China's customs, etiquette and habits were meaningless. He originally planned to study in the United States (because his relatives opposed it), which showed that he realized that it was impossible to talk about world affairs if the United States was excluded. In the Meiji era when he lived, the daily life of aristocratic families was full of European and American flavors. Being in charge of his own career prematurely formed his conceited and stubborn character. He hardly worshipped any historical figures, even the famous heroes of the Russo-Japanese War, General Nogi Maresuke and Marshal Tougou Heihachirou. But there is one exception, that is, Lord Arthur Balfour, the British Prime Minister, because Belfo was unknown before his early years, but later he became a blockbuster in the position of Irish Governor, showing extraordinary efficiency and talent. In the future, Winston Churchill called it the contemporary Machiavelli. He has several wives and often plays with his children, including those born by mistresses. He doesn't have much dignity as a Japanese parent, but looks like an American father. Aristocratic families are constantly seen in political articles in magazines and newspapers, making the guards returning from abroad gradually known to people. 192 1 year, 30-year-old Jin Wei was elected as the temporary speaker. From June 65438 to June 0924, after Kato Takashi, the president of the Constitutional Council, formed coalition cabinet, a three-party constitutional protector, Jin Wei became a standing member of the Research Association of the Noble House. When the 55th Congress discussed the general election law, many members of the House of Lords opposed it in every way, and the bill was difficult to produce, and the security guards acted in collusion. The bill was finally passed in September. The positive role of guards in politics has aroused social concern.
Huo Yaohui
1927 (2 years of Showa) left the old aristocratic academy research association. Together with Io and Yoshida Tokugawa, they formed the Fire Obsidian Society, and gradually deviated from Saionji Kinmochi, becoming the center of innovation in the noble courtyard. At the same time, as the head of five photographers, plus a correct appearance (the Japanese were very tall at that time), the idea of breaking the dogma by opposing the status quo of Anglo-American coordinated diplomacy was welcomed by the masses and was expected to become prime minister very early. 193 1 year, Jin Wei became the deputy speaker of the house of lords, and 1933 became the speaker of the house of lords. Enter the center of state power. On the one hand, he thinks he is a talented person, on the other hand, he is worried that he will fall into the whirlpool of innovative forces and eventually become a puppet of the military department, calling him "detached" and "cautious".
In the 1930s, Japan, under the heavy blow of the world economic crisis, experienced a sharp decline in production and foreign trade, social unrest and people's lives in dire straits, which created a hotbed for the fascist movement. The fascist forces with the military as the core pinned their hopes of getting rid of the crisis on launching a war of aggression abroad. 193 1 In May, the guards reunited with Moriko, the former director-general of the Political Friendship Association, who had been away for ten years. Mori Ke is no longer a political party. He even said, "Great changes are taking place in the world. If we do not change the narrow concepts such as political parties and aristocratic houses, unexpected changes will occur. " Stimulated by Moriko's talk, the Guards turned to the so-called new world trend fascist movement, and more and more young imperial officers and right-wing organizations outside the military department appeared in the living room. Moriko was the bridge-builder.
9 18
193 1 08 September 18, Japanese militarism launched the September 18th Incident, which sounded the drum of foreign aggression and expansion. The guards greatly appreciated the actions of the Japanese soldiers. In "Senior Officials and Me", he claimed that "the direction that young soldiers have pushed forward since the Manchuria Incident is the fate that Japan must take". Coordination diplomacy advocated by cylon when opposing soldiers' calmness. 1934 after listening to the report of Ishikawa police chief Iida, he criticized party politics again. When Iida reflected that the nationals and officers were fed up with the incompetence, corruption and ignorance of the current situation of political parties, the guards immediately commented that "political parties and parliaments can't play a role" and soldiers were inevitably angry. In order to save Japan today, we must overthrow the parliamentary system.
1On February 26th, 936, the young officers and men of "Emperor Zong" among Japanese warlords launched the February 26th Incident, which led to the collapse of the Cabinet of Capgemini Okada. In order to restrain military forces, Saionji Kinmochi recommended his disobedient disciple, the Guards, to form a new cabinet. However, the Guards tended to be "Emperor Zong" and found the 226 incident difficult to handle, so they refused it on the grounds of poor health. The reason why the Guards resolutely refused to form a cabinet was because he believed that "even if there was an order from the emperor, there was no one in the army to discuss policies." The two cabinets, Hirota Hiroshi and Hayashi Shiro, who took over, collapsed after only one year in power because they could not control domestic political contradictions. Everyone agrees that there is no other candidate to succeed the Prime Minister except the Guard. Saionji Kinmochi once again recommended the Imperial Guard to form a cabinet, and the Imperial Guard seemed to be a popular figure at this time. Bureaucrats, political parties and warlords of all factions all hope that under the condition of "the empire is not unified", the guards can establish a powerful cabinet that is beneficial to them. 1on June 4, 937, the Guards were ordered to form a cabinet and set up the first Guards Cabinet. At that time, the 46-year-old guard was called the "young prime minister". The newspaper called his cabinet "the youth cabinet" and "the bright cabinet", and most people expected him to become the prime minister and break the dreary state of Japanese society.
Indeed, the guards are all of noble blood. In my beautiful years, I once left a good impression that I have no desire for power because I refused to be prime minister. The guards met the requirements of the ruling classes at all levels to the maximum extent, that is, vigorously expanding to the outside world. On the day he formed the cabinet, he said that China, a "non-holding country", must ensure our nation's right to exist, and Chinese mainland policy is based on this necessity. "The mission of the new cabinet is to implement' international justice'.' A better way to implement international justice is the freedom to obtain resources, the freedom to develop resources, and the freedom of labor needed to develop resources. "This is undoubtedly a declaration to seize the colonies.
The emperor was also satisfied with the guards. Due to family relations, the two are very cordial. When the guards met the emperor, they often talked and laughed, sometimes shaking their legs while talking. He boasted that he proposed amnesty, but it not only caused criticism from military leaders, but even members of the royal family, senior officials and even the emperor shook their heads and opposed it. This made the guards a little depressed, and soon, the military department "created" a big trouble for him.