First, Su Shi's life
His father, Su Xun, is the "Su Laoquan" who started to get angry at the age of twenty-seven mentioned in San Zi Jing. Su Xun was late in getting angry, but he worked hard. In his later years, Su Shi recalled his childhood study with his father and felt that he was deeply influenced by his father. Of course, without Su Xun's hard study, it would be impossible for Su Shi to receive a good tutor at an early age, let alone "learn the history of general classics, which belongs to thousands of words every day", and it would be even more impossible for him to have a future literary master.
in the first year of Jiayou (156), Su Shi left Sichuan for Beijing for the first time to take the imperial examination in the imperial court. The following year, he took part in the examination of the Ministry of Rites, and won the appreciation of Ouyang Xiu, the examiner, with an article "The Theory of Rewarding Loyalty by Punishment", but he was the second scholar in high school by mistake.
in the sixth year of Jiayou (in 161), Su Shi took the exam of Chinese secondary school, which is usually called "three-year Beijing inspection", and entered the third class, which was' the first in a hundred years'. He was awarded the judge of Fengxiang House in Dali. Later, when his father died in Bianjing, Ding Youfu returned home. In the second year of Xining (169), he returned to the DPRK after serving his full term, and he was still given his post. When he entered the DPRK as an official, it was the time when the political crisis began to appear in the Northern Song Dynasty, and the crisis was hidden behind the prosperity.
At this time, Shenzong acceded to the throne and appointed Wang Anshi to support the political reform. Many of Su Shi's teachers and friends, including Ouyang Xiu, who appreciated him at the beginning, were forced to leave Beijing because they disagreed with the new Prime Minister Wang Anshi on the implementation of the new law. The old rain in the ruling and opposition parties faded, and what Su Shi saw in his eyes was no longer the "peaceful world" he saw when he was twenty years old.
On his way back to Beijing, Su Shi saw the damage of the new law to ordinary people, and he disagreed with what Prime Minister Wang Anshi did. He thought that the new law could not facilitate the people, so he wrote a letter against it. One result of this is that, like his teachers and friends who were forced to leave Beijing, they were not allowed to stay in the court. So Su Shi asked for release and was transferred to Hangzhou for a general sentence.
Su Shi stayed in Hangzhou for three years. After his tenure, he was transferred to Mizhou, Xuzhou, Huzhou and other places to be appointed as Zhizhou. Outstanding achievements, won the hearts of the people, this lasted for about ten years, Su Shi met the first disaster in his life. At that time, some people (Li Ding and others) deliberately distorted his poems and made a big fuss. In the second year of Yuanfeng (179), less than three months after his arrival in Huzhou, Su Shi was arrested and imprisoned for writing poems to satirize the new law and "slandering the monarch", which is known as the Wutai Poetry Case in history.
Second, Su Shi's Wutai Poetry Case
In the second year of Yuanfeng (179), Su Shi was 43 years old and transferred to Huzhou Zhizhou. After taking office, he wrote a letter to the emperor, Huzhou Xie Biao, which was a routine. But Su Shi was a poet, and his writing was often emotional. Even if he wrote a red tape, he could not forget to add some personal colors, saying that he was "stupid and untimely, and it was difficult to catch up with new arrivals" and "old people can make trouble or raise Wang". These words were caught by the new party, saying that he was "fooling the DPRK and being arrogant.
They picked out sentences that they thought implied sarcasm from a large number of Su Shi's poems, and for a time, there was a voice of rebellion against the Soviet Union in the imperial court. On July 28th this year, Su Shi took office only three months later, and was arrested by the officials of Yushitai and sent to the capital. Dozens of people were involved. This is the famous "Wutai Poetry Case" in the Northern Song Dynasty (Wutai, that is, Yushitai, is called Wutai because cypress trees are planted on it and crows live all year round).
The great blow of Wutai Poetry Case became a turning point in his life. The new parties have to kill Su Shi. Rescue activities were also carried out at the same time in the ruling and opposition parties. Not only did many elders with the same political views as Su Shi write in succession, but even some people of insight from the reform school also advised Shenzong not to kill Su Shi.
Wang Anshi retired from Jinling at that time, and also wrote: "How about killing talented people when you have a holy life?" Thanks to everyone's efforts, this poem case was decided by Wang Anshi's "one word", and Su Shi was given a lighter sentence and demoted to Huangzhou (now Huanggang, Hubei Province) as the deputy ambassador of Yong Lian, placed in this state and monitored by local officials. Su Shi was imprisoned for 13 days and was on the verge of being beheaded several times. Thanks to the national policy of not killing scholar-officials during the reign of Emperor Zhao Kuangyin in the Northern Song Dynasty, Su Shi was spared.
Third, Dongpo Fish
Su Shi is not only a master of literature, but also good at gluttonous food. Besides Dongpo elbow, Su Xueshi is also good at cooking fish, and the fish he cooks is a must. Once, Su Shi was very happy. He personally went down to the cupboard to cook fish. Just after cooking, he saw Huang Tingjian come in through the window (Huang Tingjian was one of the four great fonts in ancient China, and he was a close friend of Su Shi. They often took pleasure in bickering).
Knowing that he was coming to rub the meal card oil again, he hurriedly hid the fish at the top of the cupboard. When Huang Tingjian entered the door, he said, "Ask Brother Zi Zhan today, dare you ask Su Shi how to write Su?" Su Shi responded with a long face: "Su Zhe, fish and grain are on the grass." Huang Tingjian added, "Can you put this fish on the right?" Su Shi said, "Not bad."
Huang tingjian went on: "can this fish be put on it?" Su Shi said, "How can fish be put on it?" Huang Tingjian pointed to the top of the cupboard and said with a smile, "Since Brother Zi Zhan also knows this truth, why did you put fish on it? ！” Su Shi, who has always been quick-witted, was completely beaten by Huang Tingjian this time!
Fourth, poetry to dinner
When Su Shi was twenty years old, he went to the capital for scientific research. Six conceited juren looked down on him, and decided to invite Su Shi to dinner for the next kind of food, intending to tease him. Su Shi went with pleasure after receiving the invitation. Before chopsticks were moved, everyone proposed a drinking order, and the contents of the drinking order must quote historical figures and events, so that they could eat a dish by themselves. The other five people cheered. "I'll go first." The older one said, "Jiang Ziya is fishing in Weishui!" Say that finish took a plate of fish.
"Qin Shubao Chang 'an sells horses," and the second one proudly carries away the horse meat. "Su Ziqing herded sheep in Beihu Lake," the third one took the mutton without weakness. "Zhang Yide Zhuoxian sells meat," said the fourth one, reaching for the meat. "Guan Yunchang Jingzhou scraped the bone," and the fifth one couldn't wait to steal the bone. "Zhuge Liang grows vegetables in the middle," the sixth proudly picked up the last vegetable.
when all the dishes were finished, six juren were in high spirits and were about to laugh at Su Shi while eating, but Su Shi unhurriedly chanted, "Qin Shihuang annexed six countries!" After that, he put all six dishes in front of him and smiled, "Please, brothers!"! “。 Six juren stupefied.
5. Get ahead
When Su Shi took the Beijing examination, the presiding officer was Ouyang Xiu, a famous literary master in the Northern Song Dynasty. When he was examining and approving papers, he was fascinated by Su Shi's gorgeous and superb writing style. In order to prevent favoritism, the examination papers at that time were all anonymous.
Therefore, although Ouyang Xiu wanted to choose this article as the first, he felt that this article was very similar to that written by one of his students, Ceng Gong, and he was afraid of falling behind the population, so he finally rated the second. It was not until the publication of the list that Ouyang Xiu knew that the author of the article was Su Shi.
Ouyang Xiu regretted it after knowing the real situation, but Su Shi didn't care at all. Su Shi's generosity and outstanding talent made Ouyang Xiu amazed: such a young talent should really make him stand out (this is where the idiom comes from)! " And officially accepted Su Shi as a disciple.
Extended information
Brief introduction of Su Shi:
Su Shi (137 ~ 111), born in Song Dynasty, was named "Dongpo Jushi" and posthumous title Wenzhong, at the age of 64. In the Southern Song Dynasty, Emperor Gaozong gave a gift to a surname to pursue posthumous title's "Wen Zhong".
A native of Meishan, Meizhou (now Meishan, Sichuan), Han nationality, is the fifth son of his father Su Xun, a famous writer, painter, essayist, poet and poet in the Northern Song Dynasty. In the second year of Jiayou (157), he joined his younger brother Zhe as a scholar. Awarded Dali as the judge and signed the book Fengxiang House. In the second year of Xining (169), when the father's mourning system expired, he returned to the DPRK and sued the court for the judge. Disagreement with Wang Anshi's political views, opposition to the implementation of the new law, self-employment, and a general sentence for Hangzhou. Move to Mizhou (now Zhucheng, Shandong Province) and move to Xuzhou.
In the second year of Yuan Feng's reign (179), he was involved in a "Wutai Poetry Case", and he was responsible for giving Huangzhou (now Huanggang, Hubei Province) the assistant of Yong Lian, who was placed in this state and was not allowed to sign books and official documents. Zhe Zongli, the Empress Dowager, came to the DPRK, and was reinstated as Fenglang Zhidengzhou (now Penglai, Shandong Province); After 4 months, he moved to the Ministry of Rites as a doctor; Before the end of his term, in addition to living in the house, he moved to Zhongshu, and moved to Hanlin's bachelor's degree to know the imperial edict and know the ritual department. Yuan You went out to know Hangzhou in 189, and later changed to know Yingzhou, Yangzhou and Dingzhou.
in the eighth year (193), Yuan You, a philosopher, was exiled to Huizhou (now Huiyang, Guangdong) and then to Danzhou (now Danxian, Hainan). Huizong acceded to the throne and returned to the north when he was forgiven. Jianzhong Jing Guoyuan died in Changzhou (now Jiangsu) in 111, and was buried in Tancheng County (now jia county, Henan) in Ruzhou at the age of 65.
He, his father Su Xun (19 ~ 166) and his younger brother Su Zhe (139 ~ 1112) are all famous for their literature, and they are called "Three Sus" in the world. It is the same as the "Three Cao Fathers and Sons" (Cao Cao, Cao Pi, Cao Zhi) in the late Han Dynasty. "Three Sus" are three of the eight masters in Tang and Song Dynasties, and their works include Seven Episodes of Dongpo and Dongpo Yuefu? "and so on. Politically, it belongs to the old party. An uninhibited poet.