"Be a Chinese Character Successor" reading with answers
Be a Chinese Character Successor
① There are four major ancient characters in the world, but only Chinese characters have survived and are still in decline today. . In fact, the development of Chinese characters has not been smooth sailing. It has faced the challenge of "Latinization" and the challenge of computers. However, facts tell us that Chinese characters, which carry thousands of years of human civilization, have tenacious vitality. But current Chinese characters still face challenges. As a fruit of human wisdom, Chinese characters have not received the respect they deserve; as a tool for cultural inheritance, Chinese characters have not been poorly maintained. In terms of Chinese character education and the use of Chinese characters, there are many issues worthy of attention.
②For example, the ambiguity of word theory. Different from pinyin characters, each square character has its own unique character theory. The study of character theory has become a science. This is "primary school", that is, philology. Almost all of our cultural predecessors were influenced by philology. Chen Duxiu once wrote "Primary School Literacy Reader" in prison; Lu Xun listened to Zhang Taiyan's explanation of "Shuowen Jiezi" and wrote the unique "Wenwaiwentan"; Guo Moruo is an expert in oracle bone inscriptions. However, today's literacy education seems to be unreasonable. Character studies have long been expelled from the classroom. Students only know how to write horizontally and vertically, but do not know the rationale for making characters. That's why some people often write "turning the world upside down" as "turning the world upside down", "spreading like wildfire" as "walking without a trace", and "taking care of people's lives" as "taking care of human lives".
③ Another example is the disorder of pronunciation. Chinese characters are a combination of sounds, shapes, and meanings. Accurate pronunciation is the basic requirement for mastering Chinese characters. Some people regard pronunciation as child's play. Scholars can read only half of the characters. This has been done since ancient times and is still popular today. Thus, "caries" became "caries", and "caries" became "caries". +
④ Another example is physical anomie. The glyphs of Chinese characters have an evolutionary process. After the Han Dynasty experienced the Libian Reform, they were basically mature. From strokes to structure, social consciousness was formed. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, through conscious writing reforms, clear normative requirements for writing were established, but these norms were not followed as they should be. The left side of "Expo" in "World Expo" is often written as ".}". The "Expo" in "Master Kang" is now written as "水". There are even some words in the computer font that are wrong as soon as they are typed. For example, the upper right corner of the character "false" is mistakenly written as "geometry" in the upper right corner, and the right half of the character "lung" is mistakenly written as "city" in "city". ?. In the era of lead typesetting, typefaces produced by printing plants had to undergo strict review by experts. Nowadays, computer fonts are all doing their own thing, and no one will care if they make mistakes. There is a blind spot in cultural management.
⑤ There is also the degradation of writing. There are nearly two thousand kinds of writing in the world, but only Chinese characters form a unique writing art called calligraphy. Writing has always been a basic skill for educated people. Take a look at the manuscripts of writers since the May Fourth Movement. Which one is not a good handwriting? "Mobao" was once a very popular word. But I don’t know since when, Chinese character writing has been marginalized. Jiang Nanxiang, the Minister of Education at that time, once said: "I am most afraid of two things: one is the face of a salesperson in Beijing, and the other is the handwriting of Chinese college students." ?
⑥Chinese characters are the cultural treasure of our nation. The development of Chinese characters today is inseparable from the efforts of generations of Chinese character inheritors. Now that the baton of Chinese characters has passed into our hands, as a descendant of Chinese characters, how to face up to the current situation of Chinese characters, improve the cultural status of Chinese characters, and let Chinese characters bloom more brilliantly is the responsibility given to us by history.
(Author: Qin Guang, with deletions)
13. Write the central argument of this article. (2 points)
14. Choose an argument method from paragraph 5 and explain its role in the article? (3 points)
15. To make the motherland strong, Wei Jingdu Tai'an. ?This is the thank you message on the banner presented to the Beijing Municipal Public Security Bureau by the Palace Museum. There is a typo above. Please point out and correct it. If you put this example into the article, which paragraph do you think is the most appropriate? Why? (4 points)
16. Combined with the content of the article, talk about what we should do if we want to be a successor of Chinese characters. ?(3 points)
Reference answer:
13. Be a successor of Chinese characters.
(2 points)
14. Example 1: Comparative argument (1 point), compare the writers since the May 4th Movement who have good handwriting with the current situation where Chinese character writing is marginalized, and prove that The writing of Chinese characters among educated people has degenerated. (2 points) (1 point for argumentation method, 2 points for effect, 3 points for ***)
Example 2: Logical argument (1 point), quoting the words of Jiang Nanxiang, the then Minister of Education, proving that Chinese college students are Writing has deteriorated. (2 points) (1 point for argumentation method, 2 points for effect, 3 points for ***)
15. Change "shake" to "defend"; (1 point) Place this example at the end of paragraph ② Appropriate, (1 point) The Forbidden City, as a place for studying ancient cultural relics and ancient characters, even has typos. This is a strong argument that today’s literacy education seems unreasonable. Philology has long been expelled from the classroom, and students only know a few words. The point of view of not knowing the rationale for the creation of characters is thought-provoking. (2 points) (***4 points)
16. ① Study the pronunciation, shape, meaning, and rationale of Chinese characters seriously; ② Standardize the use of Chinese characters; ③ Inherit the art of Chinese characters, etc. (Just answer three points. ***3 points)
Reading "Interesting Pingpeng Grass" with answers
Interesting Pingpeng Grass
①The golden flowers stand out from the water and bloom in the middle of the water. They sparkle in the early summer sunshine. They are the sedge. It has golden lotus-like flowers, so it is also called golden lotus. Campanula is not a floating plant; its roots are fixed in the soil at the bottom of the water.
② Seeds are an important way for the dispersal of Campanula. When the fruit matures, it splits, revealing a white endocarp similar to an orange flap. The seeds are wrapped in this endocarp, and from the white endocarp A gelatinous liquid will gradually flow out, which can form a white film on the water and help the seeds float on the water for a period of time. During the floating period, the gelatin attracts fish and tadpoles to feed, and their excrement spreads the seeds. The seeds that have not been swallowed are completely released from the endocarp with the erosion of the water flow, and the gelatin will also disappear. Finally, they will sink to the bottom of the water and begin to germinate under appropriate temperatures.
③A Campanula plant only blooms one flower at a time. When the flower dies, other flower buds will emerge from the water, forming a "queuing" phenomenon to bloom. And the flower stems will only bloom when they protrude six to seven centimeters from the water. When the flowers are about to bloom, if you add water to raise the water level, the flower stems will grow rapidly and rise to about six centimeters above the water before blooming; if you let the water level drop by about six centimeters when the flower stems just emerge from the water, the flower stems will bloom. If it stops growing, it will bloom in about six days; as for the flowers that have already opened, add water to cover the height of the flowers, and the flower stems will grow taller again, allowing the flowers to stand out of the water.
④ This interesting phenomenon illustrates the survival instinct of Pendum spp. Water levels in the wild often change due to climate or other environmental changes. Rampant grass relies on small insects for pollination, so the flowers must find ways to lift out of the water as the water surface rises or falls; and each plant only blooms one at a time. Let every bloom attract insects and there will be no waste.
11. Based on the content of the selected article, please briefly talk about what is interesting about Pingpengcao. (2 points)
Answer:
12. What explanation method is used in the underlined sentence in paragraph ①? What is its function? (2 points)
Answer :
Reference answer:
11. (2 points) Pypermia spp. will exude a gelatinous liquid that allows the seeds to float on the water for dissemination. The flower stems of Campanula japonica will only bloom in sequence when they protrude six to seven centimeters from the water. Each plant will bloom only one flower at a time, and the growth of the flower stems will change with changes in the water level.
12. (2 points) Use the description method of imitating the appearance to vividly describe the form of Campanula in bloom in the water, showing the beauty of Campanula.