(1) fountain pen
The nib is made of gold alloy, which is soft, elastic and comfortable. However, the gold pen is expensive, the nib is soft and difficult to master, so it is not suitable for beginners.
⑵ Iridium pen
The nib does not contain gold, and it is partially gilded. The nib is hard, but it is cheap and good. It is a tool suitable for beginners to write. The reason why gold nib and iridium nib are more durable than pen nib lies in the small round particles on the pen nib. This little round grain. This small round particle is made of iridium and osmium alloy, which is very hard and wear-resistant. According to the experiment of Shanghai Jinxing Golden Pen Factory, if the pen tip and the pen tip are placed on the oilstone at the same time, after one hour, the wear of the pen tip is only 0.07 mm, while the wear of the pen tip is as high as 5 mm! Although the price varies greatly, the iridium particles in the nib are all special alloys "iridium, ruthenium"! The reason why the smoothness is so different is that the polishing method and fineness are different. So in a sense, the gold pen and the iridium pen are the same. But the material and feel are different, which leads to the price gap! Ink contains a small amount of sulfuric acid, but this corrosive sulfuric acid will pose a serious threat to pens. If the nib is made of ordinary steel, it won't stand the corrosion of sulfuric acid for a long time. What metal can resist corrosion? Gold, iridium and stainless steel. Gold is a corrosion-resistant metal, and people think of using it to make pen tips. But pure gold is too soft to be used directly as a nib. The golden pen we usually talk about, the nib is all alloy. The tip of a better gold pen is marked with the words 14K, indicating that it contains 58% gold, and there are also silver and copper: those marked with 12K indicate that it contains 50% gold. This not only improves the hardness, but also has excellent elasticity. The silver-white round particles on the gold nib are called iridium particles. This is an alloy, mainly iridium and other rare metals, which is particularly wear-resistant. Because when you write, you have to rely on it to draw on paper, and it often takes a lifetime of "Wan Li Road". The nib of iridium pen is made of stainless steel. Fortunately, the small round particles on the iridium pen are exactly the same as those on the gold pen. Therefore, the use effect of iridium pen is similar to that of gold pen, but the price is much cheaper. So cheap iridium pens are very popular. Ordinary dip pens and pens have a much shorter service life without embedded iridium particles in their tips.
Actually, it's okay I have two gold pens, one is about 800 yuan, and the other is a birthday present from my family, which is a little more expensive.