In the early years of Song Zhezong, "the change of Yuan You", Su Zhe was in the capital, and there were many discussions. At that time, Sima Guang changed the Xi Ning Law, abolished the employment law and restored the servant law. Su Zhe's voice was extremely high. His political views are basically the same as those of his brother Su Shi. "History of the Song Dynasty" said that he was "eloquent and concise, not necessarily inferior to his brother." In the dispute of returning to the river, Su Zhe and Fan Chunren, the right leaders, advocated maintaining the northward flow and opposed the discussion of restoring Wen Yanbo and others to return to the eastward flow. Despite Su Zhe's repeated opposition, the center with Empress Dowager Cixi as the main body always tends to flow eastward. Although it was intermittent, by October of the seventh year of Yuan You (1092), most of the rivers had flowed eastward. Shao Shengyuan (1094), "Close the north flow, and the water of the whole river will return to the old road".
This time, the Yellow River resumed its eastward flow, but only five years later, that is, in the second year of Fu Yuan (1099), the Yellow River burst in the Inner Yellow River, the eastward flow was cut off, and the mainstream tended to flow northward, still reaching the waters near the Ganning Army. Wu, Jong Li, Li Wei and others who actively advocated returning to the river were condemned by the imperial court, ending the third dispute of returning to the river. Political Theory and Historical Theory Su Zhe's life knowledge was deeply influenced by his father and brother. He said in "Introduction to Past Dynasties": "Teach less and learn mechanics, first as a monarch, then as a teacher; My dead brother and son are looking forward to giving them to my teachers and friends. The study of fathers and brothers is based on the success or failure of ancient and modern times. " Although he claimed that "his learning originated from Mencius", he was actually "observing a hundred schools of thought". This is also the purpose of Ancient History, which focuses on the success or failure of ancient and modern times.
Su Zhe admired North Korea and Europe, and his political thoughts were close to Europe. However, Han and Ou Fodao, Su Zhe did not. Su Zhe's articles, together with his father and brother, are called contemporary people. Compared with my father and my brother, although not as good, it also has its own characteristics.
He is good at political theory and historical theory. In political theory, world events, such as three new essays, have quite accurate conclusions. Huang Jing said, "In this world, don't be in a hurry to have no money", and it also hit the nail on the head. Historical theory, like Father and Brother, is aimed at the disadvantages of the times and serves the present.
The representative work of Su Zhe's historical theory is The Theory of Dynasties, and some chapters are written with distinctive features. About Han Guangwu and Emperor Taizong, the analysis is quite comprehensive. Compared with Su Shi, the feature is indeed "stability". "The Six Kingdoms" comments that Qi, Chu, Yan and Zhao can't support Korea and Wei in the past and unite against Qin, which implies that there were enemies before the Northern Song Dynasty, and then there were decadent realities. Comparing Liu Bei and Liu Bang, The History of the Three Kingdoms commented that Liu Bei was "short in wisdom but not brave" and "I don't know because he failed to win", which also implied a lesson from the past. Su Zhe devoted his most diligent articles in letters and essays, especially in political and historical essays. However, his more free and casual articles are still letters and essays. For example, Han Taiwei's Book, written by me 19 years old, said that when I first arrived in Beijing, I "didn't want to get the reward" and "accidentally got it, but I didn't like it"; And the person you want is just "seeing the light of the sages and listening to a word to strengthen yourself." Newborn calves are young and arrogant, which is different from Han Yu's prime minister's book and Li Bai's book of Jingzhou in Korea. When a scholar's career is broader than that of Tang and Song Dynasties, such an article has the characteristics of the times.
Similar to this book, there are Shang Zhao Wen Fu Prime Minister's Book and Shang Zheng's Political Participation Book, both of which are heroic works of youth. Although the words written in his later years are somewhat restrained, they are still free and easy, such as Answer to Huang Tingjian, which is quite similar to Su Shi. Although the weather of Su Su's early works is different, their later works have plain and natural language in terms of words. Compared with Soviet Russia, Su Zhe's works can't be summarized in one word.
Su Zhe's narrative prose is called "Newly-built Monk Hall of Lushan Qixian Temple", "Wuchang Jiuqu Pavilion" and "Huangzhou Kuaizai Pavilion". Among them, the newly-built Seven Sages Temple in Lushan Mountain is famous for its "strange language creation".
Wang Shizhen's Notes on Xiangzu said: "Yingbin's Notes on the Seven Immortals Temple is a strange language. Although writers such as Liu Mengde (Liu Yuxi) and Liu Zihou (Liu Zongyuan) in the Tang Dynasty have good language, they can't pass it." He also quoted a passage from Into the Valley of the Sages, and then said, "I will visit Lushan Mountain, and then I will know that the beauty of its description, such as the painting of Danqing, is beyond the reach of future generations." Su Zhe's article was not called "strangeness" at first. Taohuawu Fu is "slightly self-reinforcing", that is, it is suspected that it was written by Su Shi, so the "strange language" of this article is naturally called.
Su Zhe also wrote an article "Dong Xuanji". Although it is not very strange, it is written more "like a man". This "record" is also quite distinctive. Being an "East Pavilion" is a "place to feast and rest", but you can't be "content with the status quo" for a day, and you are busy "sitting in the city salt and selling wine, taxes, dolphins and fish" every day. This situation is quite different from that of scholars who have been making pavilions to meet their own needs. Finally, the article also said: I hope that one day, "human compassion will bring it back to Futian" and "then pursue the joy of the Yan family, think and think, and travel well to forget the old age." The official situation is weak, and the article is also self-contained. This kind of pen and ink is also "human-like". Su Zhe tried to catch up with Su Shi in poetry creation. There are many poems that survive in the world today, but compared with Su Shi, they are inferior in both thought and talent. Most of his early poems were trivial matters of life, singing about things and writing scenery, especially with Su Shi. The style is unpretentious and the literary talent is not good. He wrote three works in his early years, and the second rhyme, which I can't go to the commercial screen, is free and easy, and has quite a personality characteristic.
After retiring to Yingchuan in his later years, he learned more about farmers' life and wrote poems such as Autumn Harvest, which deeply reflected real life. Writing personal life feelings, artistic achievements are also more than in the early days, such as "Nan Zhai Zhu": "Living in a dusty room, my wife is at home. Going to the south window to repair bamboo, I suddenly saw the old Xishan. " The artistic conception is leisurely and the taste is long.
Another example is The Journey to the West, who wrote in his later years, which said, "After ten years of seclusion, I have a dream of revisiting the lake. I have been fighting for information, and suddenly I was surprised to guess every fish and bird. Poor eyes, this is not our party. Who wants to drink to this bottle of wine? Back to the silent screen, the ancients came to dream. " During the reign of New Party Cai Jing and others, Yuan You and party member were exhausted and persecuted. Su Zhe built a house in Xuzhou and stayed at home, which corresponds to the "closed door" in his early years. Judging from his life experience, he has always been outspoken. So start with "behind closed doors" and end with "behind closed doors". Such works are also quite temperamental.
Su Zhe has his own ideas about poetry. His Five Diseases in Poetry criticized Li Bai, Bai Juyi, Han Yu and Meng Jiao on the basis of ideological content. For example, Li Bai's "flashy" and "people in the Tang Dynasty didn't understand poetry" were representative in the Song Dynasty.
The History of Song Dynasty claims to be quiet and concise, and its writing style is grand and indifferent. It is similar to him and doesn't want to be known. After all, his handsome and outstanding spirit can't be concealed. He thinks that his superb skills are roughly the same as Su Shi's.
Su Zhe's fu is also well written. For example, "Zhu Mo Fu" praised the painter Wen Tong's "Mo Zhu", and wrote the modality of bamboo carefully and realistically, full of poetry. Su Zhe, his father Su Xun and his brother Su Shi jointly founded Su Shu. He and Su Shi are also known as the masters of Su Shu studies as opposed to Xin Xue and Er Xue. "Three Su" learned the history of Confucian classics, adopted the theory of six classics and a hundred schools of thought, absorbed Taoism and Buddhism from Laozi and Zhuangzi, and gradually formed the ideological system of "three religions in one". It was the product of the integration of Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism in the mid-Northern Song Dynasty, and it was an important academic school at that time.
In his later years, Su Zhe wrote Su Huangmen's Interpretation of Laozi, and Zhu said that his book "combines my Confucianism and Laozi, thinking that it is insufficient, and it is embarrassing to release and seal it!" It embodies the ideological characteristics of Shu school. This school has made the most outstanding achievements in literature, but it thinks that the most important thing in the academic field is not prose, but the so-called "life is proud." Taking literature as a "tool of reasoning", he believes that "at the end of studying literature, you are eager to understand, such as knowing literature without dealing with it and seeking literary works, which is unprecedented in the world." Su Zhe is not only brilliant in poetry creation, but also accomplished in calligraphy. His calligraphy is quite close to that of his brother Su Shi. His calligraphy is natural and unrestrained, neat and orderly.
There are four kinds of ink handed down from ancient times: snow post, snow poem post, horse post and cold post.