Common meaning
[2] Remarks: Bold examples are examples in Chinese textbooks for primary and secondary schools.
pronoun
[3] 1. Explain auxiliary words in modern Chinese 1:① People who are close to the front have good skills. -"A blessing in disguise is a blessing in disguise" (2) Who is king for this? -"The Hongmen Banquet" (3) was left unattended after that. -"Peach Blossom Spring" 4 Those who look at it are deep and beautiful. -"The Drunken Pavilion" (5) If there is a complicated statement about being a hostage, the old woman will definitely spit on it! -"touching the dragon and telling the queen of Zhao" 2. Used after nouns, it is equivalent to ". . This man "Example: ① There is a 90-year-old fool in Beishan who lives near the mountain. -"One Mountain in Gong Yu" 2 There are celebrities in the city who do business with boys. -Qing Pu Songling's Strange Tales from a Lonely Studio 3. Used after the time word, it means ". . Ex.: ① In ancient times, the world was public and the monarch was a guest. -"Interview with Ming Yi" (2) Today's Xiangzhuang sword dance, its meaning is often repeated in Pei Gong. -"The Hongmen Banquet" 4. Put it after the number. What's the difference between them? -"Yueyang Tower" (2) These people are also suffering from war.
auxiliary word
1. is used in hypothetical complex sentences or causal complex sentences to indicate pause and prompt the following. Exodus: ① If I go to my relatives and serve you, I will admire your lofty righteousness. -"Biography of Lian Po and Lin Xiangru" (2) Dare to reply to Cao Cao's generals, the same as this case! -"Purple Tongzhi Sword" Volume II. Put it at the end of the question to express doubt. Example: Which one? There is a difference between up and down. 3. Use the word "if" to form a phrase, or use it alone to express comparison, which is equivalent to ". . The appearance of "," . Like it. " Exodus: ① But when you read it, you will find it no different. -Liu Tang Zongyuan's Qian Donkey (2) If you say it, you will be embarrassed. -Qing Pu Songling's Strange Tales from a Lonely Studio. 4. Put it after the subject, which leads to judgment. Constitute a "person". And "structure". Ex.: Chen Shengsheng is also from Yangcheng. -"Historical Records Chen She Family"
Unusual/uncertain meaning
1. (I'm not sure, although this meaning has been translated in many versions, it can't be found in ancient Chinese dictionaries, and it may have the same meaning as 1 in the auxiliary word) after the subject, which leads to the reason. However, exercise will definitely overcome difficulties. The weak are the strong, not only because of the weather, but also because of repression. (2) and anling to five miles, ACTS and Mr Also. The beauty of my wife is personal. (4) The crab kneels six times and pinches twice, which is not the den of snakes and scorpions. Those who have nothing to trust are impatient. (uncertain) auxiliary words, put in hypothetical complex sentences, indicate hypothesis, which is equivalent to "if". . " 、"。 . Words. "Example: (1) If you enter, you can't be a doctor in China. If you leave, you can't beat foreign patients, and the country will die forever. (2) Those who try their best but can't come can have no regrets. If you don't, if you belong to it, you will be captured. 3. (Uncertainty) is placed at the end of the statement, indicating the end of the statement. Ex.: ① Send it to the mouth of the lake, because you can see the so-called stone clock. (2) When the first minister explained the cow, he saw nothing but the cow. 4. (Extraordinary significance) Pass Ye:-Eight Classics of Han Feizi: "Nothing is important ... and officials are selfless." [4] "Shuo Wen Jacky": "Lu has no gentleman, why take it? "Both are interpreted as" zhe ",but" zhe "and" ye "in ancient books can be used interchangeably.
2. What do you mean by meeting in classical Chinese?
Verb meaning:
1, recognize the word. The same is true of China's ancient literature. Pressing the button also means a lot. Original meaning: meet.
Yes, yes. -"Shuo Wen"
Yes, get together. -"Guang Ya Shi San"
There will be crimson. -"Poetry Xiaoya Car Attack"
I'll stop talking. -"Poetry in Tang Feng's Travel"
It will be clear. -"Poetry, Elegance and Daming"
Can count its coins. -"Rituals and Bridal Gifts"
To meet the hiding of heaven and earth. -"Book of Rites, Moon Order and Qiu Ji"
Then the world will be one. -Liu Zongyuan's feudalism
Touching guests, poets, will be here. -Fan Zhongyan's "Yueyang Tower"
2. goodbye; See you later.
See you later. -"Zhou Li Taizong Bo"
Meet in a strange place. -"Book of Rites Quli"
What meeting will be held, and the speech will be made. -"Biography of the Ram, Ten Years of Huan Gong"
Leave it to the inheritance and it will expire today. -"Yutai Xinyi, ancient poetry is Jiao Zhongqing's wife"
Meet the prince. -"Historical Records Biography of Lian Po and Lin Xiangru"
3. Make it consistent; Meet.
The rhyme is clear and clear, revealing a strong femininity. -Wu Liangjun's "Continued Harmony"
4. Pay (especially in restaurants and teahouses). Like money, money.
5. understanding; Got it.
6. should; Should be required. If necessary: if necessary; should be Huiying: Yes.
Noun meaning:
1, the lid of the vessel.
Book of Rites: The lid of the vessel is called Hui, which is a combination of upper and lower parts. -"Shuo Wen Hui Zhu Duan"
Dunqi Conference. -"Rites and Burials"
Life with food will begin the meeting. -Yi Li Li Shiyu
2. Business, social or other gatherings.
Will talk about danger. -"Biography of Li Hanguang"
To explain things. -"Historical Records Chen She Family"
This is a strike. -"Purple Tongzhi Sword"
3. Timing. If it happens at the right time.
4. The place where people gather; Major cities-usually administrative centers. Such as Huiyuan: provincial capital; City.
5. A group or organization established for a certain purpose. Such as guild hall, guild hall: the place where the envoys of various countries were received in the Ming Dynasty.
6. disaster; Bad luck.
/kloc-the meeting will be held in 0/60, and "crossing" and "peeling" are both disasters. -"The History of the Later Han Dynasty: A Praise for Dong Zhuo"
7. A small-scale non-governmental economic mutual assistance. Generally, the sponsors will gather several people to pay the same amount on schedule, which will be used by the sponsors for the first time and will be used in turn according to the agreement or the order decided by lottery.
I make reservations in various bookstores, and each store has three or two. -The Scholar
8. Names of meridians and acupoints in traditional Chinese medicine.
Bian Que made disciple Ziyang sharpen his knife to win the Three Yang and Five Clubs. -"Historical Records Biography of Bian Que and Cang Gong"
9. The ancient calendar in China used the unit of 10800.
Thirty years is a lifetime; The twelfth year is 360 years, which is luck; Thirty years is 1800, for a while; 12. accounting for129,600 years is one yuan. -Shao Yong's "Huang Jijing's Poetry Book"
Interpretation:
1, inevitably; Absolutely.
I have lost my gratitude and won't agree with you. -Peacocks in Gulefu fly southeast.
One day I will ride the wind and waves. -Don Li Bai, It's Hard to Go
2. It happened; Just right.
It will rain heavily. -"Historical Records Chen She Family"
Will be angry. -"Historical Records of Xiang Yu"
You will be lucky in the garden. -Wang Song Shu's "Tang Yulin Elegant"
It will rain heavily because I stay in the temple. -"Xu Xiake's Travel Notes, Visiting Huangshan Mountain"
Hold a grand banquet for the guests. -"Preface to Autumn Poetry, A New Record of Yuchu"
3. Indicate the scope. Equivalent to "all" and "all".
String, hum, sheng, spring, can keep the drum. -Book of Rites
Conjunction:
1, equivalent to "and", "with".
Assistant Minister Martai was sent to Chalang River to govern the country according to law, and Yu Yi took over the office. -"Liu Chuan Qing History Draft"
Yes: kuai
Verb meaning:
1, recognize the word. Original meaning: calculation; Total. This refers to the year-end settlement. After referring to accounting.
Yes, yes. -"Shuo Wen"
Yes, I will. -"Jade"
Yes, big plan. However, if you count zero as a plan, it is always worth it. -"Mencius Zhang Wan" Justice
Everything that cashiers in the field and warehouses do in their official positions is calculated on a monthly basis, tested on a quarterly basis and held at an annual meeting. -"Rizhilu" Volume 24
At the end of the year, yes, but not for the king and queen. -"Zhou Li Tianguan"
Listen to the meeting. -"Li Xiaozhou". Note: "The monthly plan is important, and the annual plan is in a meeting."
3. In classical Chinese, "Jiu" has several meanings, meaning knowing the characters, especially knowing the classics, "Jing" means high, and "You" means special. So the original meaning of "JIU" is to live in a high place.
Such as "Shuo Wen": just, just high. From Beijing to you. Especially different.
There is another meaning, approaching, approaching and tending.
Such as "Guang Yun": just, that is.
Another example is "Zhuangzi's Theory of Everything": no profit is harmless.
However, with the development of the times, the meaning of "JIU" gradually extends.
Be successful, be successful, be successful.
In modern times, the meaning of "JIU" is broader.
For example:
Enter, start, engage in: find a job and get in place.
Right away: Yes, I will.
The rain stopped.
Just, single, just: don't believe in evil.
Even if, even if: yes.
& lt； Table >; Affirmative tone: that's right.
The word "JIU" in "underestimating the enemy" is obviously the second ancient meaning, and the meaning of approaching can be extended to the meaning of attacking.
4. What is classical Chinese? Classical Chinese is relative to vernacular Chinese.
The first "article" refers to a written article. "Speech" means writing, expressing and recording. "Classical Chinese", that is, written language, is relative to "spoken language", which is also called "vernacular". The last word "Wen" refers to works, articles, etc. , which means genre.
"Classical Chinese" means "articles written in written language". And "vernacular" means: "articles written in plain spoken language".
writings in the vernacular
In ancient China, it was different to express the same thing in spoken and written language. For example, if you want to ask someone if they have eaten, you can express it in spoken English as "Have you eaten?" And using books and language to express it is "rice?" . "Fanbu" is classical Chinese. In ancient China, all articles were written in written language. Therefore, now we generally refer to ancient Chinese as "classical Chinese"
Classical Chinese is a treasure of China culture, and the ancients left us a lot of classical Chinese. In China, the study of classical Chinese plays a very important role in the Chinese curriculum in middle schools.
Of course, the ancients in other countries also left a lot of classical Chinese.
What is classical Chinese? What does classical Chinese mean?
1. Classical Chinese is wonderful. There is no doubt about it. Classical Chinese is an important part of China traditional culture. This shows that the history of modern civilization in China is still very short, and it is necessary to deconstruct or interpret the traditional culture, because the inheritance of traditional wisdom is based on the correct interpretation of classical Chinese.
2. Classical Chinese is knowledge. Yes, because classical Chinese is no longer a language, it is just a word. But classical Chinese is knowledge, and so is Oracle Bone Inscriptions. Why not learn from Oracle Bone Inscriptions? By the way, it is precisely because Oracle Bone Inscriptions is a relatively primitive writing, so classical Chinese is the basis for further study of Oracle Bone Inscriptions and other traditional advanced writing (learning).
3. Classical Chinese is also a skill. The expression, description, combination, transformation, metaphor, comparison and deduction of Chinese fully bear the style of Chinese civilization in ideological expression. Mastering the physical structure of classical Chinese has a profound understanding of modern Chinese, and there are "laws" to follow in the construction of new Chinese.
4. "Classical Chinese" is the antonym of "vernacular Chinese". The structure of this word is as follows: classical Chinese-Chinese. The first "text" is "writing" and "speech" is language. "Classical Chinese" refers to "written language". It explains two meanings: first, it points out that classical Chinese is a language; Secondly, the language was written later. "Written" language also has two meanings: one is a culture that can have language without words, for example, most ethnic minorities only have language without words; Secondly, the function of language quits life and becomes history in the form of words.
The literal meaning of "classical Chinese" should be: the written language style. The latter's "text" refers to style.
So does classical Chinese have a "future" besides archaeological research? In other words, what life application value will it have? I think there is. When the traditional life style fades out of modern society, people just ignore the social life in some marginal fields, which leads to the suspicion or neglect of classical Chinese in modern application. For example, in religious buildings, some inscriptions will still be written in classical Chinese, or in calligraphy and engraved with tools. The application of seal script is also mostly the same.
Let's take a look again. Classical poetry belongs to the category of "classical Chinese", and they have not left us in life. Only in the form of language, even people have left the oral language, and after it has become a text, there are obviously certain normative requirements for the elaboration of skills and the expansion of ideographic expression. Its "future" lies in its application and its ability to awaken vague etymologies and allusions. It can be said that the future is promising.
The word "classical Chinese" can also include the relationship between language and writing in cultural history. In a certain form, once a language, including dialects, is "literate" and written, its language charm will be reduced and its writing function will be doubled. Because language is usually passed down orally and closely related to life, language has not yet entered the cultural state. It is the retention of life experience, without the expansion of words.
In the process of reading classical Chinese, we will inevitably have an illusion: did the ancients say so? I think this can be "felt" through the differences in the expression of written and spoken languages in the present tense, and there is not much difference in the structural rules between them. It can also be speculated that the ancient people's speech is just more casual, albino and popular than classical Chinese, and "three words and two beats" can also be used as a reference. As for reading classical Chinese now, of course, it does not mean repeating the words of the ancients, but reciting or silently reading a style.
Reading classical Chinese is a very clear way of thinking, just like reading the works of western philosophers occasionally, it is very solemn.