I. Classification criteria
A. In chronological order
1 .xuanyuan2. Sun Wu 3. Xiang Yu 4. Han Xin 5. Huo Qubing 6. Zhuge Liang 7. Li Shimin 8. Yue Fei 9. Yuan Chonghuan 10. Mao Zedong.
B. By military type
1. Theoretical Art: Sun Wu
2. Simple application category: Xiang Yu Huo Qubing
3. Dedication and magic: Han Yuanfei worships Huan
4. Military and political integration: Zhuge Liang, Li Shimin and Mao Zedong.
Second, the introduction of characters
1. Xuanyuan
Xuanyuan, surnamed Gongsun, was born in the hill of Xuanyuan, so it was called Xuanyuan and Huangdi was its title. It is said that he was born a few days ago and can talk. He was alert as a teenager, honest and capable as a youth, and smart and decisive as an adult.
There is a bear in Jianguo (Xinzheng, Henan), also called Xiong Ke. When Chiyou was cruel and heartless, he annexed the princes. At that time, Yan Di Shennong, the main inventor of agriculture and medicine in the world, had declined. The chiefs attacked each other and the war was endless. Life is ruined. Shennong had no choice but to ask the Yellow Emperor for help. The Yellow Emperor resolutely assumed the responsibility of stabilizing the world. The Yellow Emperor and Chiyou fought in Zhuolu, and the soldiers of both sides were brave and good at fighting. With the help of Li Mu, the Yellow Emperor finally caught Chiyou and punished him, and his ministers honored him as the son of heaven to replace Yan Di and become the master of the world. Because of its virtue, it is called the Yellow Emperor.
Although Emperor Yan was defeated by Chiyou, his strength still exists. He was dissatisfied with the fact that the Yellow Emperor became the master of the world, tried to regain his lost position, and finally rose up and rebelled. Yandi and Huangdi clashed, and the decisive battle was held in the wild of Hanquan. After three fierce battles, the Yellow Emperor won. Since then, the Yellow Emperor's position as the master of the world has finally been established. As the son of heaven, he ordered the world to crack down on any disobedient tribe.
The Yellow Emperor was in power for a long time, with strong national strength, political stability and cultural progress. There are many inventions and productions, such as words, music, calendars, palaces, boats, clothes and compasses. According to legend, Yao, Shun, Yu, Tang, Xia, Shang and Zhou dynasties were all his descendants, so the Yellow Emperor was regarded as the ancestor of the Chinese nation.
Worship reason: unify China and never change.
2. Sun Wu
Sun Wu, whose real name is Changqing, was called grandson and Sun Wuzi by later generations. Born around 535 BC in Le 'an, Qi (now Huimin, Shandong), the exact date of birth and death cannot be verified.
In 5 12 BC, He Lv and Wu Wu commanded Wu Jun to conquer Zhong You (now the northeast of Suqian, Jiangsu) and Shu (now the west of Lujiang County, Anhui). At this time, He Lv was hot-headed, and he was bent on conquering Du Ying (now Jin 'an City, jiangling county City, Hubei Province). Sun Wu thought it was wrong to do so, so he suggested: "The Chu army is the strongest in the world, not comparable to Shu and Zhong. Our army destroyed two countries in a row, and our military resources were exhausted. It is better to retreat temporarily, recharge your batteries and wait for the opportunity. " The prince of Wu listened to Sun Wu's suggestion and ordered the division to be removed.
Wu Zixu also fully agreed with Sun Wu's proposition, and offered a plan to the prince of Wu, saying, "The troops are tired and not suitable for expedition. However, we can also try to make the Chu people tired. " So Wu Zixu said that Sun Wu * * * discussed a plan to harass the State of Chu, that is, to form three powerful teams to harass the State of Chu in turn. When the first army of the State of Wu attacked the territory of Chu, the State of Chu saw that the troops were not small, so it went all out and sent troops to meet it. When Chu Jun went out, Wu Jun retreated. When the Chu army returned to the station, the second army of Wu invaded the territory of Chu. Such repeated attacks made Chu deal with Wu Jun year after year, which consumed a lot of manpower and material resources. The country was empty, and the vassal States defected one after another. However, Wu plundered a lot from repeated attacks, and completely gained the upper hand in the confrontation with Chu.
In 506 BC, Chu attacked Cai, a small country that joined Wu, giving Wu Jun an excuse to attack Chu. He Lv, Wu Zixu and Sun Wu led 30,000 chosen men, who went up the Huaihe River and headed for the place where Cai Chu fought. Seeing the ferocity of Wu Jun, we had to give up the siege of Cai, shrink our forces, assemble the main force, take the Hanshui River as the boundary, step up fortification and fight against Wu Jun's attack. Unexpectedly, Sun Wu suddenly changed the route of marching along the Huaihe River, abandoned warships, attacked by land, and went straight to the depth of Chu.
Wu Zixu asked Sun Wu, "Wu Jun is used to water and is good at water warfare. Why did he change to land? "
Sun Wu told him: "It is the most expensive and the fastest to use soldiers. You should take an unexpected road so as to be caught off guard. Sailing against the current is slow, and Chu Jun must seize the opportunity to strengthen its defense, so it is difficult for the enemy to break through, "Wu Zixu nodded and said.
In this way, among the 30,000 elite soldiers, Sun Wu selected 3,500 strong and agile men as the front line, wearing solid armor and holding sharp weapons, and defeated the Chu army again and again. Lunar calendar165438+1October 28th, King Zhao of Chu fled with his sister. Sun Wu attacked Chu 200,000 with 30,000 people, and won a great victory, creating a brilliant example of winning more with less.
However, at this moment, the State of Yue attacked Wu by Wu Jun's attack on Chu, and Qin sent troops to help Chu deal with Wu Jun. In this way, He Lu had to lead the troops back to Wu. Since then, the State of Wu has continued to attack the State of Chu, which moved its capital from Ying to Du (now southeast of Yicheng County, Hubei Province) to avoid national subjugation.
While planning to conquer Yue, Sun Wu helped He Lv break the West and strengthen Chu. In 496 BC, He Lv heard that Wang Yunchang was dead, and Gou Jian, the newly acceded king of Yue, was young and weak, and the country was unstable. He thought it was now or never.
If you can't lose, you won't listen to the advice of Sun Wu and others. Before everything is ready, you are in a hurry to send troops to defeat Yue. Unexpectedly, Gou Jian reorganized his team and took the initiative to attack. The two armies joined forces at Li (now southwest of Jiaxing County, Zhejiang Province) on the border of wuyue. Gou Jian used clever tricks. He first sent the condemned prisoners up, arranged them in three rows, put the sword around his neck, made statements and performances one by one, and then left himself in front of the battle line. The soldiers of the State of Wu did not know that they were criminals, but they forgot their thoughts and were blindsided. The Vietnamese army took the opportunity to charge, and Wu Jun retreated hastily, and He Lv was seriously injured.
After He Lu's death, Prince Fu Cha succeeded to the throne, and Sun Wu and Wu Zixu rearmed to help Fu Cha accomplish the great cause of revenge. In the spring of 494 BC, Gou Jian mobilized troops to March on Wu from the water, and Fu Cha led 65,438+10,000 soldiers to attack Yufujiao (now Taihu Lake in the southwest of Wuxian County, Jiangsu Province). Under the planning of Sun Wu and Wu Zixu, Wu Jun arranged many swindlers at night, divided them into two wings, and held high torches, only to see the flames connect into one piece in the dark night, moving quickly to the position of the Vietnamese army and killing them into the sky. The Vietnamese army was terrified. Under the pursuit of Wu Jun, Gou Jian came to a small town in Huiji Mountain (now southeast of Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province) with 5,000 chosen men, and was narrowly resisted. Because of Wu Jun's encirclement, Gou Jian had to make peace with Wu. Fu Cha refused to listen to Wu Zixu's dissuasion and agreed to Gou Jian's peace request.
After winning the hegemony of the south, Wu continued to March into the Central Plains in the north. In 485 BC, Fu Cha joined forces with Lu and defeated the Qi army. In 482 BC, Fu Cha led tens of thousands of elite soldiers to the north by water, arrived in Huangchi (now south of fengqiu county, Henan), and joined forces with Jin, Lu and other vassal states. Fu Cha, the king of Wu, won the hegemony with the powerful military force as the backing. Although Sun Wu didn't directly take part in the battle against Qi to win and fight for hegemony with Jin, before that, Sun Wu carefully trained the army and formulated military strategy, which made great contributions to Fu Cha's hegemony.
Silently living in seclusion, leaving my grandson affects 2500 years.
Sun Wu's life, in addition to his brilliant military achievements, more importantly, he left many precious military and political chapters to future generations, among which Sun Tzu's The Art of War is the most famous. This short 13 5000-word article embodies Sun Wu's complete military thought.
Sun Wu's military thought has simple materialism and dialectical views. He emphasized that the victory or defeat of the war does not depend on ghosts and gods, but on political clarity, economic development, diplomatic efforts, military strength and natural conditions. Predicting the victory or defeat of the war mainly depends on analyzing these conditions, which embodies his simple materialistic view. Sun Wu not only thinks that the world exists objectively, but also thinks that everything in the world is constantly moving and changing. He stressed that in the war, we should actively create conditions, give play to people's subjective initiative, and promote the transformation of opposition to our own advantage, which shows that Sun Wu has mastered vivid dialectics. It is precisely because of Sun Wu's extremely rich and multifaceted philosophical truth in military science, specific scientific, that he laid a parallel position with Confucius and Laozi in the ideological circle at the end of the Spring and Autumn Period, and was called three bright stars in the ideological circle at the end of the Spring and Autumn Period.
Worship reason: foresight, even breaking Chu and Yue.
3. Xiang Yu
Xiang Yu (232 BC-202 BC) was born in Xia Xiang (now Suqian, Jiangsu). The grandson of Xiang Yan, a famous Chu. After Chu's death, he went into exile with his uncle Xiang Liang in Wuzhong (now Suzhou, Jiangsu). When I was young, I couldn't learn calligraphy, but I still couldn't learn sword. Determined to learn "the enemy of ten thousand people" (that is, the ability to resist ten thousand people), I learned the art of war from my uncle. But I just "know a little, but I don't want to learn." Xiang Yu is eight feet tall and can carry a tripod. When he was young, he was ambitious.
After Xiang Liang Uprising, he recruited 8,000 elite soldiers, and Xiang Yu became a general (lieutenant). For the convenience of addressing, counselor Fan Zeng suggested that Xiong Xin, the grandson of former Chu Huaiwang, should be king, with its capital in Xuyi, and still be called Chu Huaiwang. Xiang Liang led the rebel army to victory in the battle with Qin Jun, which produced the idea of being proud and underestimating the enemy. As a result, Xiang Liang died in Dingtao (now northwest of Dingtao County, Shandong Province) when he was defeated by the army led by Han.
After the Battle of Dingtao, Qin Jun crossed the Yellow River in the north, attacked the evil harmony of Zhao Wang who opposed Qin, and besieged Zhao Jun in Julu (now Pingxiang, Hebei). Chu Huaiwang appointed Yi Song as general and Xiang Yu as deputy general, and led his troops to save him. Yi Song led his troops to Anyang (now south of Anyang, Henan Province), then hesitated and stationed for 46 days. At that time, it was raining continuously, and the rebels were short of food and clothing and were in trouble. Xiang Yu made a decisive decision, killed him, forced him to be a general, and ordered him to immediately send troops to the north to save Zhao.
Xiang Yu led his car into the south bank of Zhanghe River and confronted Qin Jun across the bank. He first sent Ying Bu and General Pu to lead twenty thousand soldiers to cross the river, cut off Qin Jun's grain transportation channel, and then led the main force to cross the river, chisel sunken ships, destroy cooking utensils and burn camps, and each person only took three days' rations. This is the origin of the famous idiom "cross the rubicon". On the battlefield, ChuJun surrounded Qin Jun with thunderous action. Xiang Yu took the lead and set an example. The Chu army bravely killed the enemy, defeated it, captured Wang Li, the general of Qin, and killed Su Jiao, the deputy commander of Qin, forcing him to commit suicide and solving the siege of the giant deer. When Xiang Yu's army fought fiercely with Qin Jun, the reinforcements of various governors crowded on the barriers and watched, afraid to take part in the war. After the battle, Xiang Yu called in reinforcements. They "entered the Yuanmen and walked on their knees, afraid to look up". Xiang Yu became the commander-in-chief of the vassal army.
In the fifth year of Emperor Gaozu (202 BC), Emperor Gaozu sent troops to launch a general attack on Xiang Yu and surrounded the Xiang Yu Legion. At this point, the Ten Wan Chu Army was exhausted and demoralized. At night, the voice of the Han army singing Chu songs came from all directions. Xiang Yu ate a lot of storks, so he used wine to drown his sorrows and sang generously and sadly: "If you pull out the mountain, you will be angry with the world, and if you are unfavorable, you will not die." What can I do without dying? "After singing, he flew on the horse and led eight hundred riders to break through the southern border. In Dongcheng (now southeast of Dingyuan, Anhui), there were only 28 people left. He wanted to cross the Wujiang River and regroup, but he felt ashamed to meet his elders in Jiangdong. He fought hard for a while and died with a sword. He is only 365,438+0 years old.
Xiang Yu is an outstanding military commander. He is good at fighting and brave and powerful on the battlefield. In the Battle of Julu, Xiang Yu crossed the rubicon and wiped out Qin Jun's main force with few opponents, which objectively created conditions for Emperor Gaozu to enter Xianyang and overthrow the Qin Dynasty. In the Chu-Han War, Tian Rong was defeated, Cheng Peng was saved, Xingyang was saved, and Gao was captured. He fought dozens of wars in his life and won many victories. Therefore, the ancients called him "a victorious man."
Tai Shigong said: I heard that Zhou Sheng said that "smooth eyes cover heavy pupils", and I also heard that Xiang Yu also has heavy pupils. Are feathers evil in the origin of seedlings? He Xingzhi is also violent! Chen She was the first to bear the brunt of his father's loss of government, and the list goes on and on. However, feathers have no size. In three years, the five princes were annihilated and the world was divided. But the government was crowned as "overlord" by feathering. Although it didn't end, it hasn't appeared since recently.
Worship reason: three years of hegemony, world war I fame.
4. Han Xin
Han Xin (? -Former 196), a native of Huaiyin (now southwest of Huaiyin, Jiangsu), was a founding hero of the Western Han Dynasty. China is a great strategist, strategist, commander-in-chief and military theorist in history.
In August of the first year of Han Dynasty (206 BC), Liu Bang, who was named as Hanwang, took advantage of Xiang Yu's attack on Tian Rongzhi in Tiqi (now most of Shandong Province) and made up his mind that Nanzheng (the capital of Han Dynasty, now east of Hanzhong, Shaanxi Province) would attack and capture Guanzhong (referring to the area west of Hanguguan), and the Chu-Han War broke out. With Han Xin as the general and Cao Can and Fan Kuai as pioneers, Liu Bang used plank roads (also known as "pavilion roads", "complex roads" and "overlapping pavilions") in Qinling Mountains. In ancient times, it was an important traffic artery in southwest China to dig holes and build bridges on steep cliffs in Sichuan, Shaanxi, Gansu and Yunnan provinces. Burned by the Han army, the king of Sanqin relaxed his paralysis, so he took the plan of building a plank road and secretly crossing their positions, and sent Fan Kuai and Zhou Bo to lead more than 10,000 troops to build the plank road with great fanfare, which attracted the attention of the king of Sanqin, and led his army to slip out of the old road and cross the plank road. Zhang Han rushed to rescue Chencang from the abandoned hill (Yongdu, now southeast of Xingping, Shaanxi) and was defeated by the Han army. Fled to the abandoned hill and Artemisia branch (now east of Ganxian County, Shaanxi Province), the Han army pursued separately, defeated Yong army again in the east (now southeast of Shaanxi Wugong) and Artemisia branch, and surrounded the remnants of Zhang Han in the abandoned hill. After that, they fought continuously, divided their forces slightly, quickly occupied most parts of Guanzhong, pacified the land of Sanqin, and won the first battle of Chu.
In the second year of the Han Dynasty (205 years ago), the Han army went through the customs and subdued Wei, Henan Wang Shenyang and Zhengchang successively, and Sima Yin surrendered to the Han Dynasty. Join forces with Qi Wang Tian Rong and Zhao Wang Xie to attack the State of Chu. From April to Pengcheng, the Han army was defeated and returned. Han Xin recovered the defeated army, joined forces with Hanwang in Xingyang, stopped Chu's pursuers, and defeated Chu's army between Beijing and Suo, which enabled the Han army to rally.
When Hanwang defeated Pengcheng, Sima Xin, the King of Sai, and Dong Kuang, the King of Zhai, rebelled and surrendered to Chu, as did Xie, the King of Qi and the King of Zhao. In June, after Wei returned to China on the grounds of visiting his mother, he blocked the river, cut off the retreat of the Han army, and rose up against Han and Chu. Hanwang sent Li Sheng to persuade Wei Bao. In August, Han Xin was appointed Prime Minister Zuo and led his troops to attack Wei. Wang Wei put heavy troops in Puban and blocked the river pass (the Yellow River Ferry was renamed Pujinguan after entering Jinguan). Han Xin deliberately set up more suspicious soldiers, displaying ships to cross the river for a pretence, while the ambush crossed the river from xia yang in wooden pots and barrels instead of boats, attacking Anyi, the capital of Wei. Wei was frightened and led his troops to meet Han Xin. Han Xin swept the board, captured Wei, pacified Wei, and changed Wei to Hedong County.
Liu Bang adopted Han Xin's suggestion, "Yan Zhao in the north, Qi in the east, Chu route for providing foodstuff in the south, and Chu Wang in Xingyang in the west" (The Biography of Han Han Xin). He insisted on fighting Chu head-on, and at the same time sent thirty thousand more troops to Han Xin, and ordered him to lead the army eastward and open up the northern battlefield. Hanwang sent Zhang Er and Han Xin to attack the prince of Zhao in the east and Chen Yu in the north, and captured Xia Xiang alive, which was called Dai Bao. In other words, Liu Bangjun, who fought against Chu in Xingyang, supported frontal battlefield operations with the captured elite soldiers as a supplement.
Han Xin and his tens of thousands of soldiers wanted to attack Zhao at Jingxingkou of Taihang Mountain. Cheng, Cheng, Cheng, Cheng fought the Han army at Jingxingkou. Guangwu Jun said, "Han Xin crossed the Xihe River, captured Wang Wei, captured Xia, and fought a bloody battle. Now that Zhang Er has joined us, the army is unstoppable. However, I heard that:' grain is transported thousands of miles, and foot soldiers are in danger of starvation; Don't chop wood and cook before dinner, the army won't have enough to eat! At this Jingxingkou, cars can't parallel and cavalry can't line up. If they March hundreds of miles, their food and grass will fall behind. I hope you can temporarily call me 30 thousand Indiana Jones, and I will cut off the trench of the Han army. You dig deep into the camp trench and raise the barracks wall. Before the Han army could not fight and retreat, my troops cut off the back road of the Han army, and there was no food to plunder in the wild. Within ten days, the heads of Han Xin and Zhang Er will be hung under your banner. I hope you can consider adopting my strategy, otherwise they will catch you. "
Scholars and Cheng think that the teacher of justice does not need intrigue, so he opposes saying: "Sun Tzu's art of war is ten times as great as the enemy's encirclement and twice as great as the enemy's engagement. Although Han Xin claimed to be tens of thousands of people, he actually came all the way to attack us. The soldiers were very tired, but we avoided fighting. If a more powerful enemy comes, how will we deal with it? The princes will definitely think that we are timid and will attack us easily. " Finally didn't listen to Li Zuoche's plan.
Han Xin sent someone to spy and was very happy to learn that Li Zuoche's plan had not been adopted. Boldly led the troops to come and settle down 30 miles away from Jingxingkou. In the middle of the night, two thousand hussars were chosen with red flags, and they came to the hillside from the path to hide in disguise, spying on Zhao's movements, and warning the soldiers that when Zhao saw our army attacking, it would definitely be their lair. You should take the opportunity to quickly rush into Zhao's camp, unplug Zhao Junqi and plug in the red flag of the Han army. At the same time, he ordered the lieutenant to tell everyone: "After defeating Zhao Jun today, we will have dinner together." The soldiers didn't believe anyone, so they had to pretend to believe it. Han Xin also called people to analyze, and Zhao had a favorable terrain. Before they see the general of the Han army in full swing, they will worry that we will retreat when we encounter obstacles and will not send troops to attack us easily. So Han Xin sent ten thousand people as the vanguard, last stand. Zhao saw the Han army posing as a unique formation that only entered and did not retreat, and everyone laughed. At dawn, Han Xin played the general banner, advocated etiquette, and drummed into the mouth of Jingxing. Zhao went out to meet him. After a short battle, Han Xin and Zhang Er abandoned their drums and cheated, and retreated into the riverside array. Zhao said, sure enough, they chased Han Xin and competed for the flag left by Korea. Han Xin, retreat to the river, the water army and Zhao at war, a life-and-death battle. Zhao can't beat them. At this moment, Han Xin sent two thousand hussars to chase the Han army with Zhao and them, and immediately rushed into Zhao's camp, pulled out Zhao's flag and erected the red flag of two thousand Han troops. Zhao was invincible for a long time and wanted to go back to camp. However, when he saw the red flags of the Han army everywhere in the camp, he was shocked and thought that the Han army had captured all Wang Zhao and his generals, so he ran away in the chaos. Although Zhao Jiang beheaded several people and tried to stop them, it was useless. At this time, the Han army was attacked on both sides and the Zhao army was defeated. Cheng was killed in Baishui (now Weihe River in Hebei Province) and Zhao Wangxie was captured alive.
Han Xin also ordered the army not to kill Li Zuoche, and anyone who can be taken alive will be rewarded with money. Soon, Guang was captured, and Han Xin personally came forward to untie him, so that Guang's face sat facing east and held a ceremony to accept disciples.
When Han Xin won a great victory, the generals all came to congratulate him and asked, "According to the art of war, the formation should be' right back to the mountain, left to arrive', but now General last stand also said that if we break the Zhao army, we will have food. At that time, we refused, but we won. What tactics is this? " Han Xin said: "This lies in the art of war, taking care of all the vassals. Didn't Sun Tzu's Art of War say,' If you are trapped and die, you will survive'? And I believe that I want to follow the scholar-officials. After the so-called "fighting to drive the city people", it is not despair. Everyone is fighting for themselves. Today, I will give it to my birthplace, and I will leave. I'd rather use it! " (The Biography of Hanshu Han Xin) People all sighed and admired Han Xin's skill of fighting.
Then Han Xin asked Li Zuoche about attacking Yan (Yan Zangcha, Duji, now Beijing) and cutting Qi. When he declined politely, the general said, "I heard that you can't be brave when you are defeated, and I dare not talk about politics. Now that I am a defeated soldier and a prisoner of national subjugation, where am I qualified to talk about state affairs with you? " Han Xin said, "I heard that when Priscilla was in the state of Yu, the state of Yu perished and the state of Qin dominated. This is not because he was stupid in Yuzhou, but because the monarch attached importance to him and adopted his advice. If Cheng He had listened to your plan, I Han Xin would be a prisoner now. I sincerely ask you, please don't refuse. " Guang said: "I heard that even a wise man with a long-term idea will have a loss;" A fool may give advice to a wise man. Therefore, even prisoners, saints can choose to adopt. However, I'm afraid my strategy is not worth adopting, but I'm still willing to offer my humble opinion. Although Cheng has a plan of winning every battle, he can miscalculate with one move and be defeated and killed. Now the general is involved in Xihe River and has captured Wang Bao of Wei. He captured Yu Xia and Jingxingkou in one fell swoop. In less than one morning, he defeated Zhao's 200,000 troops, making him a An Jun and famous all over the world. Make the enemy people put down their farm tools, stop working, eat and wear well, and listen attentively to the news that you ordered the March. These are all advantages. However, the soldiers are tired and the actual situation is very difficult to fight. Now, the general will lead the tired and hard-working foot soldiers to stop at the gates occupied by Yan State. If he wants to fight, he is afraid that if he drags on for too long, his physical strength will be exhausted and he will not be conquered. When the truth comes out, the weak Yan State refuses to surrender, and Qi State is bound to stick to the border and strive for self-improvement. Yan and Qi are at loggerheads, so Liu Bang and Xiang can't tell the outcome. This is the general's weakness I think the strategy of "attacking Yan in the north and cutting Qi in the east" is wrong. People who are good at fighting often use their own strengths to attack others' shortcomings. It is better for the general to stay put, rest his soldiers, settle the land of Zhao, pay for orphans, reward his soldiers with wine every day, and pose as an attack on Yan. Then send debaters to lobby Yan, fully show their advantages in front of Yan, so that they dare not disobey. After Yan surrendered, the debaters said that Yan surrendered to Korea, and Qi would return to the downwind. No matter how clever a person is, he doesn't know how to plan for Qi. In this way, world affairs will be easy. In the way of using troops, there has been a strategy of pre-emptive strike before actual action. "
Han Xin listened to Emperor Guangwu's plan and sent messengers to see Yan, who immediately surrendered. Han Xin also asked Zhang Er to be the king of Zhao to appease Zhao, and Liu Bang agreed to make Zhang Er the king of Zhao.
At this time, Chu sent troops across the Yellow River to attack Zhao, and Zhao Wang Zhang Er and Han Xin came to the rescue. On the March, he settled many cities in Zhao and sent troops to support Liu Bang. At that time, the State of Chu besieged Liu Bang in Xingyang, and Liu Bang fled to Wan and Ye, and entered with Ying Bu. The State of Chu soon besieged Liu Bang. In June of the third year of the Han Dynasty, Hanwang set out for the Yellow River. Zhao, who took him alone to practice martial arts in the army and claimed to be the special envoy of the Han Dynasty, came early in the morning. Before Zhang Er and Han Xin got up, Liu Bang went directly into his bedroom, seized their seals, summoned governors and mobilized their positions. When Zhang Er and Han Xin got up, they were shocked to learn that Hanwang was already here. Hanwang took two armies, ordered Zhao to be guarded, and appointed Han Xin as Zhao's envoy. Collect Zhao soldiers who were not transferred to Xingyang to attack Qi.
Han Xin led the troops to March to Qi, but didn't reach the plain ferry. He learned that Qi belonged to Han. Han Xin tried to stop it, but Kuai Tong, the debater of john young, advised Han Xin to say, "The general was ordered to attack Qi, and Hanwang only sent emissaries to persuade Qi to submit. Is there a decree to stop the attack? Besides, Li Sheng is just a lobbyist. With a golden tongue, he conquered more than 70 cities in Qi, and the general commanded tens of thousands of troops. It took more than a year to capture more than 50 cities in Zhao. General is not as good as Confucian scholars? " Han Xin listened to Kuai Tong and led his troops across the river to fight Qi. At this time, Qi had made up his mind to surrender to the Han, and his defense against the Han army was lax. Han Xin took the opportunity to attack the Qi army and fought all the way to Linzi. Tian Guang, King of Qi, was frightened. He thought Shi Li betrayed himself and boiled him to death. After the King of Qi fled to Gaomi, he sent someone to the State of Chu for help.
When Han Xin attacked Linzi, Xiang Yu heard the news and sent Long Qie to lead two hundred thousand military forces to join hands with Tian Guang, the king of Qi, to fight against Han. Someone came to offer Long Qie an idea: the expedition of the Han army is invincible, and the local fighters in Qi and Chu are easy to disperse. It is better to build a high base in a deep ditch and take defense as the attack. Surrender the city, the king of Qi can survive, and Chu can be saved. This will definitely make the Han army run out of food and lose without fighting. Long Qie despises Han Xin, who yearns for the meritorious military service. Without this plan, he led the troops and Han Xin army across the Weihe River (now Weihe River in Shandong Province). Han Xin sent people to make more than 10,000 bags overnight and filled them with sand, choking the Weihe River. Half of the troops waded into Longyou, and Longyou sent troops to meet them. Han Xin pretended to retreat. Longyou thought Han Xin was timid and led the army to cross the river. At this time, Han Xin ordered people to open the sandbags of the Weihe River, and the river was swift, but most of Long Qie's troops did not cross it. Han Xin stormed and killed Long Qie. The Qi-Chu allied forces on the east coast saw the troops on the west coast wiped out and fled everywhere. Han Xin led an army to cross the water in pursuit of Chengyang, and Chu soldiers were captured. Tian Guang, King of Qi, was killed shortly after he escaped. In the fourth year of the Han Dynasty (the first 203 years), all the land was settled.
During the period of house arrest, Han Xin and Sean worked together to sort out the art books since the pre-Qin period and got 182 volumes. This is also the first large-scale arrangement of art books in the history of China, which laid a scientific foundation for the study of military art in China. At the same time, collect and supplement military laws. There are three articles about the art of war that have been lost.
Han Xin was familiar with the art of war, saying that "the number of soldiers is numerous", and left many military allusions for later generations: building plank roads, secretly crossing Chen Cang, taking water as a camp, drawing signs and changing signs, attacking halfway, being besieged on all sides, ambushing on all sides and so on. His military tactics have been highly praised by military strategists of past dynasties. As a strategist, Han Xin is the most outstanding general after Sun Wu and Bai Qi. His greatest feature is his flexible use of troops. He is the most skillful general in the history of China War. The battles of Jingxing and Weishui commanded by him are masterpieces in the history of war. As a strategist, his remarks when he met the generals became the fundamental strategy for the victory of the Chu-Han War. As a commander-in-chief, he led the army out of Chencang, ordered Sanqin, destroyed the generation, destroyed Zhao, lowered Yan, and cut Qi until the Chu army was destroyed. None of them lost, and the world dared not compete with it. As a military theorist, he and Sean compiled military books and wrote three articles about Sun Tzu's Art of War.
Worship reason: one plan is dual-purpose, three years and five countries.
5. Huo Qubing
Huo Qubing (BC 140 ~ 1 17) was a famous general in the Western Han Dynasty. Hedong Pingyang (now southwest of Linfen, Shanxi) people. Wei Qing's nephew.
In the fifth year of Yuanguang (BC 130), Wei Qing rode a general, and the other three generals each led an army to the stronghold. During this invasion, the Fourth Route Army was defeated by the Third Route Fort. What is particularly outrageous is that veteran Li Guang was captured by Huns and managed to escape. Instead, Wei Qing, the "slave rider" who led the troops out of the village for the first time, went out of the valley to take Liuzhou, killing 700 enemies and becoming a real "Dragon City Flying General Army". Wei Qing's military genius impressed Emperor Wu. Since then, he has made many expeditions and achieved fruitful results.
While Wei Qing has made great achievements, Huo Qubing has gradually grown up. Under the influence of his uncle, he was good at riding and shooting since he was a child. Although he is young, he disdains to stay in Chang 'an like other princes and grandchildren and enjoy the shade of his elders.
In the sixth year of Yuan Shuo (BC 123), Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty once again planned a large-scale counterattack against Hungary (the famous battle of Monan in history). Huo Qubing, who was under eighteen, volunteered, and Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty named him Captain Yao.
On the battlefield, Huo Qubing won many battles, and Wei Qing gave him eight hundred cavalry. Huo Qubing spirited, led the first batch of foot soldiers, running hundreds of miles in the vast desert, looking for traces of the enemy. As a result, his original "long-distance attack" was successful for the first time, and more than 2,000 people were killed. Two uncles of Hun Khan were killed and one was captured alive. And Huo Qubing's eight hundred cavalry came back unscathed. Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty was overjoyed and immediately named him the "champion Hou" and praised his courage in the three armed forces.
Huo Qubing's first battle, with such dazzling results, announced to the world the birth of the most dazzling generation of famous Han families.
Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty marveled at Huo Qubing's military talent, perhaps to test Huo Qubing's talent and courage again. In the spring of the second year of founding ceremony (BC 12 1), Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty appointed Huo Qubing as an ancient general and asked him to lead 10,000 soldiers to the Huns alone. This is the Hexi War.
19-year-old commander-in-chief Huo Qubing lived up to expectations and made a beautiful detour in the desert like lightning. On the 6th, he fought in the Five Xiongnu Departments, making great strides all the way, and launched a life-and-death battle with Lv Hou and Zhebo Wang in Gaolan Mountain. In this battle, Huo Qubing and his men fought against the Xiongnu army, and they fought bravely with the determination to die from top to bottom. In the end, Huo Qubing won a great victory, and only 3,000 of the 10,000 chosen men returned to Chang 'an. Xiongnu suffered heavy losses-Lu Hou and Zhelan Wang Shuangshuang died, Prince Xie Hun, Guo Xiang and a captain were captured, and 8,960 people were killed. The Xiongnu sacrificed to heaven and became the trophy of the Han army. After this battle of blood and fire, no one in the Han Dynasty questioned the young Huo Qubing's ability to unify the army. He became a model of a generation of soldiers in the Han army and the embodiment of martial spirit.
Worship reason: Wan Li attacked Huanglong. (or "Why were you at home before the Huns became extinct?" )