1. At the end of the Spring and Autumn Period, Fan Li helped Gou Jian, the King of Yue, realize his hegemony, resolutely gave up his family property, went into business, and finally became a successful entrepreneur. Wen Zi, his close comrade-in-arms, refused to give up, which eventually led to his death.
2. Don't indulge in pillows
Sima Guang, an ancient China writer, used a log as a pillow to wake himself up and continue writing, and named it "Police Pillow". Mayakovski, a famous Russian poet, often used a large piece of firewood as a pillow to prevent himself from sleeping too long. Inventor Edison often stays up late to work. He was really sleepy, so he put the books on the table as pillows.
Dig the wall and steal the light, read by moonlight.
Kuang Heng, a scholar in the Western Han Dynasty, was poor and studious. There was no light at night, so he dug a hole in the wall to read by his neighbor's candlelight. Jiang Bi was born in a poor family in Nanqi. She makes shoes during the day and finds time to study at night. When he can't light the lamp, he takes the book to the roof and reads by moonlight.
Don't despise reciting.
Reciting is an important learning method. China has always had the theory of "a man of insight, a man of insight". Liang Qichao explained the 7000-word "Public Security Policy" to the students, and recited it without reading. In order to recite an article, Mr. Lu Xun not only read aloud, but also copied it by hand to deepen his impression.
Life is only three days.
When students on the island of Hawaii in the United States attend classes, they always recite a prayer first: a person's life is only three days: yesterday, today and tomorrow. Yesterday has passed and will never come back. I was with you today, but it passed quickly. Tomorrow will come and die. Come on, life is only three days.
5. Song of Tomorrow and Song of Today
In the Ming Dynasty, Qian Fu wrote a Song of Tomorrow, which read: Tomorrow follows tomorrow, and there are several tomorrows! Waiting for tomorrow, everything will be wasted. The world is tired of tomorrow, and tomorrow will be infinitely experienced. In the morning, the water flows east, and now it grows in the west. What will tomorrow be like in a hundred years? Please listen to my song tomorrow.
In the Ming Dynasty, Wen Jia wrote another Song of Today, which read: Today is today, and today is so rare! If you don't do it today, when will it happen? Today is a hundred years, and today is not a pity. If we wait until the Ming dynasty, there will be something in the Ming dynasty. Say "Today's Poetry" for you, and try to start today.
Achievement is bought with time.
Sima Qian spent 18 years writing Historical Records. Zuo Si spent 10 years writing Sandu Fu: Li Shizhen spent 30 years writing Compendium of Materia Medica; Copernicus spent 30 years writing about the motion of celestial bodies. Darwin spent 22 years writing the Origin of Species, Milton spent 265,438+0 years writing Paradise Lost, and the great Marx spent 40 years writing Capital.
6. Dripping water wears away the stone
A drop of water on the stone seems insignificant, but it can work miracles many years later. There are many stalactites in the caves in Guilin, which are as long as stone pillars and very spectacular. They are formed by the accumulation of water dripping from rocks for tens of thousands of years.
7. Walking "Blackboard"
One night, physicist Ampere was walking in the street. Suddenly, a topic came to his mind, so he went to a "blackboard" in front of him, took out a chalk tip from his pocket and calculated it on the "blackboard". However, the "blackboard" suddenly moved, and before ampere finished his calculus problem, he unconsciously followed the "blackboard" to calculate it. The "blackboard" walked faster and faster, and Ampere felt that he could not catch up. At this time, he saw people in the street laughing at him. He found that the moving "blackboard" turned out to be the tail of a black carriage.
8. Newton forgot to eat
Newton, a great British physicist, once invited a friend to dinner at home. The food was ready, but before his friend arrived, he went into the laboratory and concentrated on the experiment. When my friend came, I couldn't find Newton. Because he was in a hurry to go to work, he finished his meal alone, put the leftover chicken bones in the box and left. In the evening, Newton finished his experiment and prepared to eat. But when he saw the chicken bones in the box, he showed an epiphany and said with a smile, "I thought I hadn't eaten yet, but I have already eaten."
9. The article is ever changing.
There are many people who are good at modifying their own articles at all times and in all countries. Cao Xueqin wrote "A Dream of Red Mansions" with ten years' review and five additions and deletions. Tolstoy wrote War and Peace, which was revised seven times. Marx would rather burn his manuscript than leave his unprocessed works. Flaubert was a French critical realist writer in the19th century. One day, Mo Bosang went to Flaubert for consultation with a new book. He was puzzled to see that the manuscript on Flaubert's desk had only one line on each page, and the other nine lines were blank. Flaubert smiled and said, "This is my habit. I only wrote one line on ten lines of manuscript paper, and the other nine lines were reserved for revision. "
10. It's snowing at Chengmen.
In the Northern Song Dynasty, Shi Yang admired Cheng Yi's knowledge and went to Luoyang to learn from Cheng Yi. When I went to Cheng Yi's home for consultation, Cheng Yi was sitting still and sleeping. Shi Yang is eager to study, but he dare not disturb the teacher, so he stands outside and waits. It snowed heavily and it was freezing. When Cheng Yi woke up, the snow had fallen a foot deep. Later, people used the phrase "Cheng Men Sydney" to mean that students respectfully learn from their teachers.
1 1. Handan toddler
There was a man in the state of Yan who heard that people in Zhao had good walking posture and came to Handan, the capital of Zhao, to learn to walk. As a result, he didn't learn the walking posture of Zhao people, and even forgot the original walking method, so he had to climb back. This story is a metaphor for blind imitation, and as a result, I lost my inherent skills and characteristics.
12. Wang Xizhi practiced calligraphy hard.
Wang Xizhi, a great calligrapher in Jin Dynasty, practiced calligraphy hard. According to legend, he studied hard in Lanting, Shaoxing for twenty years. Because he often washes the brush and inkstone in the pool, he even dyed the water in the pool black. Once, his son Wang Xianzhi asked him the secret of writing. He pointed to the eighteen water tanks at home and said, "You will know the secret of writing after you finish writing the water in these eighteen water tanks." Wang Xianzhi really finished writing Eighteen Tanks of Water and became a great calligrapher.
13. Liang Qichao's reading method
First, reading should be divided into special reading and exposition. On the one hand, we should develop the habit of reading carefully, on the other hand, we should develop the habit of reading quickly. If you don't know the details, you will get nothing, which is equivalent to reading in vain. If you don't have quick eyes, you won't have enough time to get information. Secondly, some books should be read carefully, such as valuable literary works and useful aphorisms. Third, take reading notes. Because a good memory is not as good as a bad writing.
14. Pay attention to the discussion
Scholars in ancient China attached great importance to discussing knowledge with their close friends. Tao Yuanming's poem "Migration" contains the words "Appreciate strange writing, dispel doubts and doubts", and Zhang Ji's poem "Sacrifice to Retreat" also talks about the scene when he and Han Yu were together, "Poor things in ancient and modern times, overall consideration". Sun Sheng and Yin Jie in Jin Dynasty once forgot to eat and sleep in order to discuss a problem, so that "there are four people who eat cold and warm".
15. Newton's thoughts on apple landing
One day, when Newton was walking, a ripe apple fell from the tree and hit him right on the head. This very common thing caused Newton to think deeply. He thought: Why do apples have to fall to the ground? Why not fly to the sky and other places? He speculated that there is gravity in the earth's core, and this gravity exists for any substance. Through research, he put forward a formula to calculate the magnitude of gravity and discovered the "law of universal gravitation".
16. Gou Jian, the King of Yue, tried his best.
During the Spring and Autumn Period, Wu and Yue were enemies for generations. When the Yue army was defeated, Gou Jian, the King of Yue, made peace with the State of Wu and agreed to the harsh demands of the State of Wu: the King of Yue went to the State of Wu to wait on the State of Wu I and crossed it off.
Jane came to the State of Wu, waited on the King of Wu carefully, and was put back to China three years later. For this deep hatred of snow, he worked hard, exercised his fighting spirit, slept with firewood, tasted courage before meals and before going to bed, and made a series of plans to save the country. Within ten years, the State of Yue finally became strong and destroyed the State of Wu in one fell swoop.
17. Yang Zhen's "four knowledge" shamed Wang Mi.
According to Ye Fan's Book of the Later Han Dynasty, Yang Zhen moved from Jingzhou to Donglai Prefecture and passed Changyi when he took office. Changyi county magistrate was recommended by Yang Zhen as Wang Mi of Jingzhou maocai. In order to repay the kindness of the recommender, Wang Mi visited Yang Zhen at the posthouse in the evening and presented ten gold medals. Yang Zhen repeatedly waved his hand and refused. Wang Mi thought that he was afraid of being seen and damaged his reputation, so he said, "Ignorance at dusk." Yang Zhen said angrily, "Heaven knows the earth, you know me, what is ignorance?" Throwing gold to Wang Mi, Wang Mi retreated in shame.
"saving the country through science"
In the east of the Institute of Geomechanics in the western suburbs of Beijing, there is a long and narrow path, which was called "Li Siguang Road" because Li Siguang walked on it every day before his death.
Today, this road has been broadened and become lively, but the image of Li Siguang will remain in people's memory forever, and the long and tortuous road he has traveled in his life still gives many inspirations. ...
18** 10 year1October 26th, Li Siguang was born in a poor family in Zhangjiawan, Huangfeng County, Hubei Province.
Li Siguang lived in the countryside for nearly 14 years. Since the age of five or six, he has been studying in the private school where his father teaches, and he has to help his mother with firewood, rice, flour grinding and water fetching ... The hard life has cultivated his hard-working spirit and stubborn character.
After the revolution of Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, Westernization Schools sprang up, and many new schools were established in Hubei, aiming at learning new things and being unconventional. Li Siguang was deeply attracted. He took the exam alone and was admitted with excellent results.
In the new school, he is eager to learn new knowledge. Because he won the first place in every exam, he was selected as a formal student in the province and sent to Japan to study shipbuilding.
Li Siguang stayed in Japan for seven years, where he joined the China League led by Dr. Sun Yat-sen. ..
In the second year after Li Siguang returned to China, the Revolution of 1911 broke out, and he took part in the defense of Hankou. As a newly appointed financial department of Hubei military government, he personally organized dockers and rickshaw pullers to transport arms and go to the front. Subsequently, he was elected as the Minister of Industry of Hubei Military Government. Just as Li Siguang was about to do something great, the Revolution of 1911 failed. He devoted himself to the research of science and technology and embarked on the road of "saving the country through science". He went to study in England, first studying mining, then studying geology. He prayed that one day, he could see a politically clear world and contribute his youth and blood to the motherland.
Studying abroad is not easy. In order to maintain the rising tuition, Li Siguang went to work in the mine during the holidays. During his six years in Birmingham University, he not only achieved excellent academic results, but also mastered English, and obtained a bachelor's degree and a doctor's degree successively. After graduation, he politely refused a well-paid employment in a mine, accepted the invitation of Mr. Cai Yuanpei, returned to the motherland, and became a professor in the Geology Department of Peking University.
Discovery of Quaternary Glaciers
After arriving at the Geology Department of Peking University, Li Siguang taught two courses, Petrology and Advanced Petrology. He won the respect of students with his rigorous metallurgical style. He often takes students to the field for field teaching, watching and chatting. He never let go of a hill, a valley, a pile of stones and a row of cracks. The school was short of funds, so he led the students to clean up the learning environment very quietly.
While teaching, he did not relax his research work. His major contributions to geology in his life, such as the identification method of paleontology, the discovery of Quaternary glaciers in China and the establishment of geomechanics, all began in this period. In the process of research, he was never bound by the existing viewpoints and theories, but looked for the truth that has not been recognized and mastered by people according to the laws of nature. So he can constantly put forward creative ideas and dare to challenge some old ideas.
For example, since the19th century, geologists from Germany, the United States, France, Sweden and other countries have been coming to China to explore minerals and investigate geology. However, none of them have found glaciers in China. Therefore, in the field of geology, "China has no Quaternary glaciers" has become a conclusion. However, in the process of studying arachnids, Li Siguang found some rocks that looked like glacier stripes at the eastern foot of Taihang Mountain. He continued to investigate in Datong basin and became more and more convinced of his own judgment. So he boldly put forward the view that there are Quaternary glaciers in China at the third general meeting of the general membership in geological society of china. An Tesheng, a Swedish geologist and consultant of the Ministry of Agriculture and Commerce, laughed scornfully and denied it.
In order to make people accept this fact, he continued to look for more glacial remains. 10 years later, he not only concluded that there were a large number of glacial remains in Lushan Mountain, but also believed that the Quaternary glaciers in China were mainly valley glaciers, which could be divided into three glacial periods.
When Li Siguang's academic views were published in the National Geological Society again, it caused the famous Lushan debate in 1934. In semi-feudal and semi-colonial old China, scientists in China were inferior, and quite a few foreign scholars came to China with nationalism and racial discrimination. Therefore, despite a large number of facts, several foreign scholars have not changed their views.
1936, Li Siguang visited Huangshan again and wrote a paper on Quaternary Glacier Phenomenon in Huangshan, Anhui. This article and several photos of glacier phenomenon have attracted the attention of some Chinese and foreign scholars. Felsmann, a German geology professor, praised him after returning to Huangshan Mountain: "This is an earth-shattering discovery." Li Siguang's efforts for more than ten years were publicly recognized by foreign scientists for the first time. However, he knew it was not enough. He simply moved his family to Lushan Mountain, and established a glacier exhibition hall at the foot of Lushan Mountain, named "White Stone Exhibition Hall" (which was later bombed by the Kuomintang navy) to conduct more in-depth and detailed glacier research.
Li Siguang's research on glaciers for many years was comprehensively expounded in Lushan Mountain in the Ice Age, which was completed in 1937. Unfortunately, due to the outbreak of the Anti-Japanese War, this book was published after 10 years.
Return to China to find oil fields
From 65438 to 0927, at the invitation of Cai Yuanpei, Li Siguang left Beijing for the south to take charge of the preparation of the Institute of Geology. 1928 1 Institute of Geology was established with Li Siguang as its director. Geological research often requires eating and drinking, and the conditions are very difficult. Moreover, the newly established research institute lacks funds, equipment and even a fixed address. Li Siguang and his institute suffered a lot during the eight-year Anti-Japanese War. At that time, he smoked papyrus cigarettes and wore homespun clothes, and his life was very poor. However, he and his colleagues never gave up geological research. Due to the hardship of life and the fatigue of work, he suffered from angina pectoris and tuberculosis.