Today is January 9th, 219, the first day of March 9th.
as we all know, three or nine days is the coldest time that people feel. Three or nine days is easy to calculate. Every year, on the day of the Winter Solstice Festival, you begin to count nine. After that, as long as you are familiar with the traditional solar terms in China, you will know the schedule of cold and summer. This is: "In 1929, I intervened in my arms; 3949, freezing pigs and dogs; 5969, see the willows along the river; 7963, pedestrians put the clothes list; In 9981, the old man Tian Zhongli plowed the field. " . This means that because the earth has accumulated cold and hot energy in the front time, there will be 4 days of coldest weather after entering the winter solstice; 18 days after the winter solstice, stiff hands and feet; The 18 days from 18 days to 36 days after the winter solstice are the coldest period of the year, which can freeze pigs and dogs to death; Once the winter solstice is 36 days-18 days of 54 days, the willows along the river will sprout new buds and the climate will get warmer; And 54 days after the winter solstice-7 days, people will take off their winter clothes; 7 days after the winter solstice, spring ploughing will be ready, and the weather will be completely warm.
So, when is the number nine? We will know when it is based on the time of the winter solstice. Whether you know it or not, I know it anyway.
"Sanjiu" refers to the third "nine days" after the winter solstice, that is, the 19th to 27th days after the winter solstice. There is a saying of "Jiujiu" in Chinese lunar calendar, which is used to calculate the seasons. The calculation method is to count from the winter solstice in winter (starting from the winter solstice, it means the beginning of cold), and every nine days are called a nine, the first nine days are called a nine, the second nine days are called a two-nine, and so on, until the ninth nine days, when the number reaches 9981 days. At this time, winter has passed and spring has arrived.
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generally, it is coldest during the "March 9th". When many friends say "the third ninth day after the winter solstice", it means "March 99", which is also the day when "March 99" and "April 99" intersect, not "March 99".
It's the custom in old Beijing to draw a picture of "Eliminating Cold in 1999" from the winter solstice. This custom has been recorded in the works of Ming people. This picture is a plum blossom picture, with 81 flower offices on it (representing 9981 days). Dye a flower with a pen every other day After these 8l days, 81 flower shops have all been dyed, and spring has arrived, so it is called "Nine-Nine Cold Relief Map". Moreover, in Beijing in the Ming Dynasty, there was an engraved "Nine-Nine Cold Relief Map", which was sold in the market, which was more convenient, and there was "Nine-Nine Songs" next to this map.
this "Jiujiu Song" reflects the cold and warm weather by using people's feeling of cold and phenological phenomena (that is, the changes of animals and plants caused by the changes of weather and temperature, such as the sprouting of willows, the flowering of peach trees, the arrival of geese, etc.). When I was a child, the "Jiujiu Song" popular in Beijing was like this: "In 1929, don't shoot; 3949, walk on the ice; 5969, see the willows along the river; Seven or nine rivers open and eight or nine geese come; 99 plus 19, plowing cattle everywhere. " Popular rhymes are catchy to read and easy to remember.
this "99" theory. As early as the Southern and Northern Dynasties. At that time, the folks counted from the winter solstice to 9981, and the cold days were over. And this (Jiujiu Song) originated from the Song Dynasty. It was very popular in the Ming Dynasty, but when it was popular among the people, it had different versions, different contents and details. Let's look at the <: The different views of Jiujiu Song are very interesting.
Five Miscellanies in the Ming Dynasty recorded a saying in Jiujiu Song at that time: "In 1929, if we meet, we won't make a move; Three nine twenty-seven. The fence head blows (refers to the strong wind blowing the fence and making a lot of noise). This musical instrument is the name of ancient northern minorities. ); In 4936, sleeping at night is like camping (it means that it is cold, but sleeping indoors is as cold as sleeping in the open air); In 5945, the sun opened the door; In 6954, the poor children fought for their spirits; On July 13, 1963, Buna took on the head (meaning that it was hot, he took off his clothes and carried it); In 8972, cats and dogs searched for shade; 9981, plows and rakes go out together. This statement is more detailed. According to the book, at that time (Ming Dynasty), the "Song of Nine Nine Nine" was far less complicated and very simple and clear: "In 1929, if we meet, we won't make a move; 3949, drinking around the stove; 5969, visiting relatives and friends; 7989, see the willows along the river. " And the eyes are popular and easy to remember.
However, the Jiujiu Song recorded in the Ming Dynasty's "A Brief Introduction to the Scenery of the Imperial Capital" is different from the above: "In 1929, I couldn't make a call; 3927, the fence head blows; 4936, sleeping at night is like sleeping outside; In 5945, every family made a salt tiger (salt tiger originally refers to a tiger-shaped salt in ancient times. Here it is a metaphor for snowman made by people); 6954, heating in the mouth; 7963, pedestrians put the clothes list; In 8972, cats and dogs searched for shade; In 9981, the poor man had to stretch his feet to sleep after suffering, and mosquitoes and fleas came out. " These last words have given great sympathy to the poor people who have been frozen in winter. There are similarities and differences between these two complicated versions of Jiujiu Song, among which it is worth noting that "May 945", the former saying is "the sun opens the door"; The latter statement is "every family heaps salt tigers". This may reflect that there is a great difference in the amount of snowfall in winter on Saturday during the period when these two songs were produced.
The simple version of Jiujiu Song, which was popular in Beijing in the Ming Dynasty, said, "Seven nine eight nine, see the willows along the river." In the last century, the "Jiujiu Song" became "5969, watching willows along the river." This change can't be ignored. It reflects that the weather in Beijing in the Ming Dynasty was colder than that in the last century, so that from the phenological phenomenon, it took a while for willows to sprout and grow leaves.
Jiujiuge is very popular in winter, because the zero-cold weather makes people feel very uncomfortable. In fact, there are Jiujiuge in summer, but summer is not like winter. What "99 Summer Relief Map" is going to be drawn. The year of summer corresponds to winter, and there are also 9981 days from the summer solstice. According to the Ming Dynasty's "Five Miscellanies", it is recorded as: "In 1929, the fans never left their hands; 3927, ice water is as sweet as honey (there was icehouse in ancient times, storing ice in winter and taking it out in summer); 4936. Sweating is like bathing; 5945, it is difficult to wear autumn leaf dance; 6954, enjoy the cool people Buddhist temple; 7963, looking for sheets at the bedside; In 8972, consider the cover quilt; In 9981, it was announced in front of the steps to promote weaving (promoting weaving refers to cricket). " This summer's "99 Songs" is very lively and interesting, and it is mainly based on people's subjective feelings.
After reading this, if you don't know when the number nine begins, Xiaobian tells you: Every year, the number nine begins on the winter solstice. When is the winter solstice in 218?
Since the date of the winter solstice, China has been in a cold weather for several days. Astronomical experts said that "99" is a more applicable solar term in northern China, especially in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River. From the day of the winter solstice, it entered the "number nine", commonly known as "cross nine", and then every nine days was a unit, which was called "nine". After nine "nine", it was exactly eighty-one days, which was "out of nine", and then spring blossomed. The widely circulated "99-99 Cold-relieving Song" of the winter solstice, commonly known as "99-99 Song", vividly records the changes of climate and phenology between the winter solstice and the vernal equinox, and also expresses some laws of agricultural activities. The widely circulated "Song of Eliminating Cold in 1929" said: "If you don't shoot in 1929, you will walk on the ice in 1949, you will see the willows in 1969, the rivers will open in 1979, the geese will come in 1999, and the cattle will walk everywhere."
Because the climate is cold and warm in different places, there are some differences in Jiujiu songs in different places. For example, Jiujiu songs circulating in northern Hebei Province are: "Don't shoot in 1929; 3949 yuan ling away; Five or nine-and-a-half, the slag is scattered; Hit six or nine heads in spring, take off your coat and change to a cow; In 7963, pedestrians put their clothes wide; Nine times out of ten, don't plow, just stay for three or five days; Yang Huakai blooms in 1999 and won't come in the future. "
Zhao Zhi Heng, director of Tianjin Astronomical Society, said that although the climate has been somewhat abnormal in recent years, as long as the solar term comes, the glaciers are still open, the shore willows are still green, the geese are still returning, and the "Song of Eliminating Cold in 1999" is still sung, and there is no sense of obsolescence.
Astronomical experts further said that the "Jiujiu Song" is the "Jiujiu Cold Relief Map", also known as the "Jiujiu Map", which is widely circulated among the people. There are various forms of "Jiujiu Map", including nine-grid map, fish-shaped map, spring pattern map, child map and so on. They are not only calendars for calculating time, but also exquisite decorations. Therefore, during the Winter Solstice Festival, there is also the custom of pasting the "Nine-Nine Cold Relief Map".
As a big festival, the winter solstice is still an ancient event. Since the Revolution of 1911, the custom of the winter solstice festival has been weakened day by day, and it is difficult to see the activities of the winter solstice festival in various places. However, from the winter solstice, the "number nine" has a far-reaching influence among the people, which is well known to women and children and widely spread. What is "counting nine"? It is from the winter solstice, counting back nine days, the weather will change from the cold of the winter solstice to "deep spring and warm days" Because the process of "counting nine" is exactly the process that the cold pole turns warm and the cold disappears and warms up, people often refer to these 9981 days as "nine-mile days" and "counting nine cold days". The first nine days of "Counting Nine" are called "Yijiu", the second nine days are called "Erjiu" ... and the last nine days are called "Jiujiu".
Various versions of Counting Nine Songs
The widely circulated winter solstice "99 songs for relieving cold", commonly known as "99 songs", vividly records the climate and phenological changes between the winter solstice and the vernal equinox, and also expresses some laws of agricultural activities. The widely circulated "Song of Eliminating Cold in 1929" said: "If you don't shoot in 1929, you will walk on the ice in 1949, you will see the willows in 1969, the rivers will open in 1979, the geese will come in 1999, and the cattle will walk everywhere."
Because the climate is cold and warm in different places, there are some differences in Jiujiu songs in different places. For example, Jiujiu songs are: "Don't shoot in 1929; 3949 yuan ling away; Five or nine-and-a-half, the slag is scattered; Hit six or nine heads in spring, take off your coat and change to a cow; In 7963, pedestrians put their clothes wide; Nine times out of ten, don't plow, just stay for three or five days; Yang Huakai blooms in 1999 and won't come in the future. "
Is counting nine songs out of date
Zhao Zhi Heng, director of Tianjin Astronomical Society, said that although the climate has been somewhat abnormal in recent years, as long as the solar term comes, the glaciers are still open, the shore willows are still green, the geese are still returning, and the "Song of Eliminating Cold in 1999" is still sung, and there is no sense of obsolescence.
Astronomical experts further said that the "Jiujiu Song" is the "Jiujiu Cold Relief Map", also known as the "Jiujiu Map", which is widely circulated among the people. There are various forms of "Jiujiu Map", including nine-grid map, fish-shaped map, spring pattern map, child map and so on. They are not only calendars for calculating time, but also exquisite decorations. Therefore, during the Winter Solstice Festival, there is also the custom of pasting the "Nine-Nine Cold Relief Map".
December 22, 218 (Lunar New Year? Saturday, November 16th) This day is the winter solstice, that is, the count of nine begins!
As a big festival, the winter solstice is still an ancient event. Since the Revolution of 1911, the custom of the winter solstice festival has been weakened day by day, and it is difficult to see the activities of the winter solstice festival in various places. However, from the winter solstice, the "number nine" has a far-reaching influence among the people, which is well known to women and children and widely spread. What is "counting nine"? It is from the winter solstice, counting back nine days, the weather will change from the cold of the winter solstice to "deep spring and warm days" Because the process of "counting nine" is exactly the process that the cold pole turns warm and the cold disappears and warms up, people often refer to these 9981 days as "nine-mile days" and "counting nine cold days". The first nine days of "Counting Nine" are called "Yijiu", the second nine days are called "Erjiu" ... and the last nine days are called "Jiujiu".
Historical records
Working people have experienced thousands of years of fighting with the severe cold of snow and wind, and according to long-term practical experience, they have created many "Jiujiu Songs" that describe the changing laws of cold and warm during the period of counting nine. For example, the popular 99 ballad in the north:
If you don't count nine before counting nine, you won't do it in 1929. Three, nine, four, nine, walk on the ice. Look at willows along the river. Seven or nine rivers open and eight or nine swallows come. Ninety-nine and nineteen, plowing cattle everywhere.
Gu Lu recorded a "number nine song" in Qing Jia Lu, which described the situation of ancient people in winter very humorously:
In 1929, he called Fu to make a hand (his hands were all shrunk in his robe because of fear of cold); 3927, the fence head blows (the cold wind blows on the fence head, like blowing); 4936, sleeping at night is like camping (sleeping under the covers is like sleeping in the wild); Five, nine, four, five, poor street dance. Don't dance, don't dance, and it's forty-five in the cold of spring (poor people wear thin clothes and dance to keep warm); In 6954, the flies piled up in the house (revealing a little warmth); In 7963, cloth sleeves were spread on both shoulders (it's warm, so thick clothes can be put on your shoulders); In 8972, cats and dogs lay in the cold; In 9981, the poor man was just about to stretch his feet to sleep when mosquitoes and fleas came out.
In ancient society, the poor suffered especially in winter.
Counting Nine Songs
Beijing Edition
China has a vast territory, and the "Nine Nine Songs" vary from place to place; But the same. There is a popular folk song that goes like this (Beijing version):
Don't shoot in 1929. Three, nine, four, nine, walk on the ice. Look at willows along the river. Seven or nine rivers open and eight or nine geese come. 99 plus 19, plowing cattle everywhere.
Explanation:
As the saying goes, "The first nine days are warm, and the second nine days are cold". People find that if it is warm for the first nine days, the whole winter will be very cold. Therefore, it is said that "the first is not greedy for the first nine warmth, and the rain and snow continue to winter." "Yanjing Years Old" said: "The winter solstice is hard on March 9th." It means that it has entered the coldest stage in the cold weather since March 9th. "Jing Fang Yi Zhan" said: "After the winter solstice, it was extremely cold on the 3th." "The third day after the winter solstice is the coldest in the twelfth month." Later, it was generally believed that March 9 was the coldest day, but in fact, April 9 was the coldest time in winter. It's just that in the first few days of March 9th, the cold and warmth changed greatly, and when it suddenly became cold, the body didn't adapt to it, which made it particularly cold. By April 9th, although the temperature was lower than that of March 9th, the temperature difference changed little, so it didn't feel as cold as when February 9th entered March 9th.
since the winter solstice, 349 is just near the great cold of the 24 solar terms.
Why
Why should we count "nine"? Why not count two, three, four, five, six, seven and eight? This is different from the ups and downs of Yin and Yang in China's traditional philosophy, which means that the warmth comes and the cold goes. Nine is the number of "Zhiyang", also known as Lao Yang, and nine is the largest number. The accumulation of "Zhiyang" means that the yin qi is decreasing day by day, and it is tired to the end for nine times, which means that the cold has gone to warm, and "spring is already deep".
customs
There are many customs of "counting nine", among which "Jiujiu Song" is the most extensive and long-standing. These ballads skillfully use the phenological phenomena in nature and vividly reflect the law of weather change in the ninth five-year plan. As far as most areas in our country are concerned, the weather is not the coldest when the 29 th is over, but just "1929, I can't reach out." At the end of 1949, it was almost the "great cold" solar term, so it was said that "3949, frozen bitch". After the May 9th, the earth gradually rejuvenated, and the weather gradually warmed from cold, so "May 969, see the willows by the river; 7989, walking alone. " By 1999, it was already a "shock pad" solar term, so "the thunder in 1999 made a lasting noise." The custom of "painting nine" appeared in the Ming Dynasty. The so-called painting is actually a picture that calculates the date of spring warmth after the winter solstice. In the Ming Dynasty, "A Brief Introduction to the Scenery of the Imperial Capital" contained: "On the winter solstice, a plum blossom is painted, which is one in eighty petals. Dye one petal a day, and the petals will come out in 99, then the spring will be deep, saying that 99 will eliminate the cold. " In addition, in the Qing Dynasty, there was a "Poem Map for Eliminating Cold in 1999", in which there were four sentences every nine days.