This "Xizhou Scenic Spot" is located in the northwest of the ancient city of Zhou Shu. It starts from West Lake Pond in the east and reaches Tianqing Street in the west. It is vast and boundless, and it is also a piece of Wang Yang. It was not dug by hand, but scattered by Wenjing River. Over time, the lotus in the pond stands upright and the surrounding trees are shaded, which has become a landscape in Zhou Shu.
It is difficult to know when the West Lake was built. But it should not be later than the Northern Song Dynasty, because when the ancient city was built in the sixth year of the Northern Song Dynasty (1054), there was a waterway connected with the outside world. If there is no large area of water inside and outside, how can the waterway be accessible?
West Lake is called West Lake because the water in the city is to the west of Zhou Ya, and the water outside the city is to the west of Zhoucheng and to the west of Wenjing River.
Any scenery in the world, if it becomes a scenic spot, is bound to have the elegance of literati and celebrities. There are Bai Juyi's dikes, Liu Sanbian's lyrics, Su Dongpo's poems, crane flying, pavilions and pavilions of literature, leisurely swimming and boating in Chongzhou West Lake in Fan Chengda.
Wen and Ke, namely Wen Tong, were famous painters, poets and calligraphers in the Northern Song Dynasty. He is particularly good at drawing bamboo, and his "plan" is to praise his skill in drawing bamboo. Wen Tong is an elegant scholar. According to the History of Song Dynasty, he "has a beautiful mouth, is famous for his academic reputation, and has a noble voice and rhyme, calling himself Mr. Smile. Good poetry, good writing, good printing, good officials, good deeds, good grass and good flying white. " Wen Yanbo even praised him as "graceful, like a clear cloud and autumn moon, but without dust." Sima Guang, Su Shi and others especially respected him. Wentong once built a pavilion on the West Lake in Zhou Shu and named it "Fu Shang". "Gone with the Wind" is a kind of amusement for the old literati to celebrate the festival on March 3, and the most famous one is the "Gone with the Wind Meeting" held by Wang Xizhi in Lanting. Building floating pavilions is also a taste of literati. After the pavilion was built, he also listed the poems carved by famous artists visiting the West Lake on the pavilion, making it stand in the West Lake for hundreds of years and still exist in the Ming Dynasty.
After Wen Tong built the floating pavilion, Ji Yougong built the Shangyou Pavilion on the West Lake. Ji's contribution to Tang poetry allusions is familiar, so he attaches great importance to the friendly exchanges between Du Fu and Gao. When he was the magistrate of Shu, he built an upstream pavilion on the West Lake to commemorate the friendship between Du Fu and Gao Shi.
After seeing off Wen Tong and Ji Gong, the West Lake welcomed two great men: Lu You and Fan Chengda.
In the spring of 1 173, Lu You became the judge. As soon as he arrived in Zhou Shu, he was fascinated by the scenery of the West Lake, so he went boating on the lake and filled in the words "Su Wu Mantang Anxi Lake" to remember it. The word says: "light and hazy, light and moist, strange dust is clear at the beginning." Pingqiao is a horse, painting a pavilion and moving a boat, and the lake is as empty as a mirror. Flying flowers on the shore and new swallows on the eaves seem to be unknown. Sighing that the years are stagnant, the spring is over, and the face is black. Empty memory, Duqu Taiji, Xinfeng Songguan, what's the news of my old friend? Min, not many wives, talking about the dust for a long time idle rhinoceros handle. Only natural, pen bed tea stove, suitable for bamboo shoots and cigarettes. When the green lotus covers the shore and the red lotus floats, it is even more leisurely. " According to the description of ci, there were "bridges" and "painting pavilions" in the West Lake at that time, indicating that the island in the middle of the lake was surrounded; "Sweeping the shore and flying flowers" means flowers and trees become forests; "A new swallow under the eaves" means someone; "The lake is as empty as a mirror" means that the waters are wide, otherwise it is difficult to have this scene. If so, it is a garden, and it is an open garden. The word also says that "green lotus covers the shore and red lotus floats", that is to say, in summer, green lotus covers the shore and red lotus floats, and he will visit the West Lake again. It can be seen that in summer, the West Lake is also "the leaves are infinitely blue in the sky, and the lotus flowers are of different colors."
The West Lake is the scenery in the eyes of leisurely Fan Chengda.
In the summer of 1 178, he went to Zhou Shu. As soon as he arrived in Zhou Shu, the scenery of the West Lake made him feel very magical, which inspired him to write poems and read aloud. In his poetic narration, we saw the West Lake in summer, which was beautiful and comfortable. On the lake embankment, old trees are shaded and bamboos are constantly being repaired. In the middle of the lake, lotus flowers are in full bloom and the water surface is brocade. The breeze in Xu Lai is intoxicating with lotus fragrance. During boating, "leisurely thinking about poetry" and "dreaming". Therefore, Fan Chengda evaluated the West Lake as "the victory of the West Island". Xizhou is also the land of western Shu.
In the Ming Dynasty, the West Lake was still full of waves and pavilions, which was a scenic spot in Chongqing.
How many years did the prosperity of Zhou Shu West Lake last? It's hard to prove. During Jiaqing period of Qing Dynasty, when Qiu Yuncheng was an official in Chongqing, he wrote the poem "Watching Fish in the West Lake". The poem says: "A hundred acres of silver mine is shining with blue waves. How about watching the fish happy? The appropriate frequency of the ice tray depends on algae. When the wind blows, the space shuttle is gently thrown out. There are still too few flower docks and too many surprise hooks in Liutang. The forest garden has natural interests, not just Zhuang Zhou and He Zhi. " As can be seen from the poem, the water surface of the West Lake has gradually shrunk at this time, with only "100 acres". But the city has hundreds of acres of water, which is still worrying. The moonlight at night illuminates people's eyes. Chao Bu Zhi, a poet in the Qing Dynasty, wrote a poem, "I only love the West Lake with a full moon at night, and light and shadow are connected for thousands of years." No one cares whether the light shines or not, it is better than heaven. "
Of course, a hundred acres of water is like a lake, not a pond. After that, the waters became smaller and smaller, and people really called it the West Lake Pond. Later, the pond dried up and the last water area here became dry land. Later, the dry land was leveled into an empty dam. Although there is no water, people still call it Xihu pond. Later, it became a sports ground for city people to relax and exercise. Later, the sports ground disappeared, but the name Xihu Pool is still tenaciously alive today.
A thousand years has really changed. The vastness of the West Lake is just a passing sight.