Li Qingzhao in Northern Song Dynasty
Red coupling fragrant jade mushroom autumn, light solution Luo Shang, alone on the green boat.
Who sent the brocade book?
The word goose returns, and the moon is full of the west building.
Flowers bloom and fall, and flowing water gurgles.
One kind of lovesickness, two places of leisure.
There is no way to eliminate this situation.
Only under the eyebrows, but in my heart.
Notes Source Notes ① Hosta: Guanghua Jade Cushion. The word "wild goose" refers to the "one" or "person" formed when wild geese fly. It is said that geese can pass books. Comments This is a word to express feelings of parting, focusing on lovesickness after parting. Although there is no parting sentence in the last film, every sentence is pregnant and extremely subtle. The next film directly expresses the suffering of lovesickness and other troubles. The words express thoughtfulness and love in simple and clear language, which is touching. The whole word is gentle and natural, with three sentences to rest, which is especially appreciated by experts. Comments on Yi Shizhen's "Tianku Story": Yi An has not been married for a long time, and he is sincere and negative. Yi Anshu couldn't bear to say goodbye, so he found the word "a piece of plum" in Jinpa's book and sent it. Wang Zhuo's Bi Ji Man Zhi: Yi An writes long and short sentences, full of twists and turns, light and sharp, full of gestures.
Li Qingzhao (1084 ~ about 1 155)
China was a poet in the Song Dynasty. Self-styled Yi 'an lay man. A native of Zhangqiu, Jinan (now Shandong). His father Li was a famous scholar in Qilu area at that time. Mother Wang knows books and writes well. Zhao Mingcheng, son of official assistant minister Tingzhi Zhao, is a textual research scholar. Li Qingzhao lived comfortably in her early years and was proficient in writing and music. After their marriage, he and Zhao Mingcheng devoted themselves to the collation of epigraphy of calligraphy and painting, and compiled The Book of the Stone. Nomads from the central plains, the family fled south. After Ming Cheng's death, most books and cultural relics were lost in the war, and they were wandering around alone, in an extremely miserable situation. It is said that Qingzhao has remarried, which is quite controversial by later scholars. There is no record about her life in her later years, except that she wrote The Classic of Beating Horse and its preface, and also took Mi Fei's ink to visit Mi Youren for an inscription.
Li Qingzhao works hard in poetry, can write and is better at ci. With the changes of life in the Northern Song Dynasty and the Southern Song Dynasty, his works showed different characteristics in the early and later periods.
In the Northern Song Dynasty, in a few poems such as Wuxi Zhongxing Fu and Zhang Wenqian, Li Qingzhao showed a broader ideological realm and life field than ordinary women in feudal society, satirized the past and advocated learning from the historical lessons of Tianbao Rebellion in Tang Dynasty. In addition, in her early years, she also wrote On Ci, which put forward the theory that Ci is different from others. She believes that there are five tones, five tones and six rhythms in Ci, and there are also clear and muddy points, which is an important theory of Ci in Song Dynasty. His poems talk about history, the world, literature and art, and have a wide range of subjects.
Li Qingzhao's early poems truly reflected her boudoir life, thoughts and feelings, and showed natural scenery and parting feelings. Such as "like a dream" two songs, lively and fresh, meaning beautiful. I remember playing the flute on the Phoenix Tower, I cut the plum, and drunk the flowers. These words describe the lonely life, express the love for her husband, and show that the author loves nature and yearns for a beautiful love life, which has certain literary value.
During the Southern Song Dynasty, great changes took place in Li Qingzhao's works, showing her patriotic spirit of caring about the fate of the country and expressing her determination to uphold national integrity. For example, poems about epic poems, poems about the Han Palace in Shangshu Mi, poems about summer, and so on. , have improved the ideological, has a strong reality. Du Nan's post-ci style is also very different from that of the previous period, turning into desolation and pain, expressing nostalgia and nostalgia when he was injured. Such as "Bodhisattva Man", "Die" and the slow word "Ode to Fishing Music", all have a strong yearning for the motherland. In her poems, she fully expressed her deep sadness in her lonely life. Such as "Wulingchun", "Slow Voice" and "Qingpingle". The pain of national subjugation is integrated with the personal miserable life, and the sadness and melancholy are rendered to the extreme. It can be said that this is an artistic summary of the suffering of the times and the unfortunate fate of individuals.
The artistic achievements of Li Qingzhao's ci are very high, which occupies an important position in the history of literature. His ci has a strong lyricism, and he can use clever ideas to select some life fragments to write in his ci, so as to show the author's inner world in detail, such as [Wuling Chun], "Things are human beings who don't rest on everything, but if they want to talk, they should stop crying first" and "I'm afraid that I can't afford to worry". She is also good at describing concrete things in simple ways, "just frowning, but thinking" ("Pruning Plums"), which is subtle and tactful, simple and natural. Qingzhao's ci style is mainly graceful and restrained, but there are also occasional bold works, such as "Yu Fu Ao" and "Days Meet Clouds", which is called "elegant and elegant, without the slightest powder". The language of Qingzhao Ci is exquisite and unique. For example, the flower trees in her works are "green and fat, red and thin", the weather is "thick smoke and dark rain" and "the wind is soft and thin". She is also good at using dialect words as clear as home, such as "How can it be dark when a person looks out of the window?" Easy to get, natural and fresh. Her words are full of musical beauty, and also pay attention to the interlacing of tongue and teeth and the use of overlapping words. The most typical example is that [slow voice] begins with 14 reduplication, and its originality is praised. Qingzhao Ci is called Yi 'an Style, which is widely circulated.
Li Qingzhao's Yi 'an Jushi Collection and Yi 'an Ci Collection have been lost. Today, there are only four copies of Shuyu Ci, 1 book. There are Li Qingzhao's collating, People's Literature Publishing House, Huang Youli Qingzhao's collected works, and Qilu Bookstore Edition.