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Metaphor into many enemies, isolated situation.
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Historian of the Western Han Dynasty? Sima Qian's Historical Records? "Biography of Xiang Yu": "Wang Xiang's army fell on the city, serenaded the food, and the Han army and the vassal soldiers surrounded it. At night, I heard that the Han army was besieged on all sides. Wang Xiang was shocked and said, "Did the Han army capture Chu?" ? He Chu is crowded. "The king got up at night and drank in his tent. If you have a beauty, you will always be lucky; Good horses are famous and often ride. Therefore, Wang Xiang is a sorrowful and generous poet, who wrote a poem for himself, saying, "If you pull up a mountain, you will be angry with the world. If it is unfavorable, you will not die. "I die, what can I do? What is it? " The number of songs, beauty and (he echoed the fourth tone, should and) it. Xiang Wang shed tears several times. I dare not look up when I cry on both sides.
use
Subject-predicate type; Make an attribute; With derogatory meaning; isolated and cut off from help
Approximate antonym
Synonym: between Scylla and Charybdis, at the end of one's tether, besieged on all sides.
Antonym: safe and sound, winning the flag.
a two-part allegorical saying
Put a battlefield in front of Jiuli Mountain; Trapped the overlord on the bank of Wujiang River; Overlord trapped; The overlord of Chu was trapped under cover.
suggestion
In 202 BC, Xiang Yu and Liu Bang originally agreed to take the east and west of the gorge (in present-day Rongxian County, Jia Luhe) as the boundary, and they would not invade each other. Later, Liu Bang followed the advice of Sean and Chen Ping, and thought that Xiang Yu should be destroyed when he was weak. Then he chased Xiang Yu's army with Han Xin, Peng Yue and Liu Jia, and chased Pengcheng (now Xuzhou, Jiangsu) eastward. Finally, several layers of troops were arranged to tightly surround Xiang Yu (in the southeast of Lingbi County, Anhui Province). At this time, Xiang Yu's soldiers were few and there was no food. In the evening, I heard that all the troops around him were singing the folk songs of Chu. I couldn't help but be very surprised and say, "Did Liu Bang get Chu?" Why are there so many Chu people in his army? At some point, he lost his fighting spirit, got out of bed, drank in the camp, and wrote a poem of his own, which said, "Wei can move mountains." The momentum is overwhelming, and the times are against me. A horse can't run. "A good horse can't run away, what should I do, concubine concubine? How can I arrange you!" Sing with his favorite concubine Yu Ji. After singing, I cried, and the people on the side were also very sad, and they all felt that they could not lift their heads. Yu Ji committed suicide in front of Xiang Yu's horse. Xiang Yu's hero ended up with more than 800 knights, leaving only 28 in the end. He felt speechless in front of his elders in Jiangdong, and finally threw himself into the river, and Liu Bang dominated the world.
Because there is a story in this story that Xiang Yu was surprised to hear someone singing Chu songs around him, and then failed to commit suicide, people later used "besieged from all sides" to describe the personnel environment where people were attacked or persecuted from all directions, resulting in an embarrassing situation of isolation and helplessness. Anyone caught in this situation often has a tragic fate. For example, some people are idle because they often associate with bad people. But later, the bad guys forced him to make a living. When he asks others for help, others should treat him as a bad person on weekdays, and never sympathize with him or ignore him. This man's situation is "besieged on all sides". Another example is that when the school discusses academic issues, students are ignorant (idioms, meaning no academics), irresponsible and confuse right and wrong. When students rise up and attack, students are completely isolated. This can also be called "besieged on all sides". In the process of our life, in our daily life, we should be a good person and do things in a down-to-earth manner. If we make a mistake, we will suffer from all sides.
Cut off all retreat
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Kettle: pot. Break the rice cooker and sink the ferry. Metaphor does not leave a retreat, we must win the battle, and we are determined to do it regardless.
"Sun Tzu's Art of War Nine Places": "Burning the boat and breaking the kettle, driving the sheep away, I don't know what."
Historical Records Biography of Xiang Yu: "Xiang Yu killed the top scholar Qing Zi (Yi Song, commander-in-chief of the Chu army) and was a famous warlord in Chu. He sent General Yangchun and General Pu to cross the river (Zhanghe) with 20,000 soldiers to save the giant deer. If the war is not so profitable, Chen Yu will ask the soldiers. Xiang Yu learned that when he led the troops to cross the river, they all sank, burned the house, and held three matches to show that the soldiers would die, and none of them returned. "
The "burning the boat and breaking the kettle" mentioned in Sun Tzu's Art of War, although it also expresses the significance of desperate war, has not yet formed the allusions that are often said in later generations. It was not until "Historical Records" that the incident of "Xiang Yu's cross the rubicon" became typical: Xiang Yu took the lead to save the giant deer, and the first battle was less profitable. Xiang Yu led a great army to cross the Zhanghe River, cross the rubicon and boost morale. Finally, Su Jiao was killed, Wang Li was betrayed, and Qin Jun was defeated in Juluchang.
Later, he expressed his determination in the way of "burning the boat" and did not hesitate.
Shi Ming Kefa's "Ask the teacher for a thief's words": "I am humble, I am brave, I am lying on my salary, I am collecting talents, I am waiting for you, I am willing to cross the rubicon, I am afraid it will not help." (See Shi Zhongzheng Gong Ji)
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"Historical Records of Xiang Yu's Biography": "When Xiang Yu learned that he led his troops to cross the river, they all sank, broke the cauldron, burned the house, and gave three meals to show that his soldiers would die, and there was no return."
In 209 BC, a peasant uprising led by Chen Sheng and Guangwu broke out in the history of China. After the sacrifice of Chen Sheng and Guangwu, the two armies led by Liu Bang and Xiang Yu gradually grew up. In 207 BC, the rebel army of Xiang Yu and the main force of Qin Jun led by Zhang Han, the general of Qin Dynasty, fought in Julu (now Xingtai City, Hebei Province). Xiang Yu, not afraid of strong enemies, led his troops across Zhangshui (a river where Julu flows northeast to southeast). After crossing the river, Xiang Yu ordered the whole army: "Anyone who sinks a ship, breaks a cauldron, burns down houses, and leaves three rations to show that the foot soldiers will die, and no one will return to their hearts." In World War I, Julu defeated Qin Jun and Xiang Bing.
suggestion
Historical background:
When Chen Sheng and Guangwu revolted in Daze Township, Xiang Liang and Xiang Yu of Wuzhong (now Suzhou City, Jiangsu Province) responded. Xiang Liang's father, Xiang Yu's grandfather, is a famous Chu Xiang Yan. Xiang Yu's father died in his early years, and he grew up under the care of his uncle Xiang Liang. At an early age, he was determined to avenge his country. His uncle teaches him calligraphy, but he doesn't study hard. Let him learn fencing, he doesn't work hard. Xiang Liang was very angry and called him worthless. But Xiang Yu said: "Reading and writing, at most, just remember your own name." When I am good at fencing, I can only fight with a few people. I want to learn the skill of one man against ten thousand people. "After hearing what Xiang Yu said, Xiang Liang felt that his nephew was very ambitious, so he taught Xiang Yu to study the art of war. Xiang Liang himself is good at making friends. Whenever he meets someone who has something important, he tries to help. Local people like him very much. He has become a hero leader in Wuzhong, and even local officials should respect him.
Many people came to see Qin Shihuang's last cruise after Wuzhong. People standing on both sides, seeing this majestic and luxurious emperor driving a Mercedes-Benz, all stood there in a daze, and the atmosphere did not dare to breathe (Chu m: n). Only Xiang Yu, who was a head taller than others in the crowd, stared at a pair of big eyes with gods under heavy eyebrows and blurted out: "What's the big deal? Anyone can take his place! " Xiang Liang quickly covered Xiang Yu's mouth in fright and warned in a low voice, "You are talking nonsense here. If someone informs on you, you will destroy nine families. " After returning home, Xiang Yu complained about his uncle and said, "On weekdays, you always let me practice martial arts and learn the art of war, so that I never forget the hatred of my home country." Why are you so timid today? " Xiang Liang said, "We should do great things, and we should not be impatient. If you want revenge, you must learn to wait for the opportunity. "
This year, Qin Shihuang died on his way back to Xianyang. In the second year, II succeeded to the throne, and Chen Sheng and Guangwu revolted in Daze Township. After the news came, Xiang Liang and Xiang Yu were very happy and excited. They thought it was time to get revenge on Chu, so they killed the local leaders and gathered 8000 soldiers to rise up against Qin.
Soon, the news came that Chen Sheng was defeated by Zhang Han, a general of the State of Qin. Xiang Liang quickly led 8000 soldiers from Jiangdong, crossed the Yangtze River and advanced to the western front. Some scattered anti-Qin teams, such as the armed forces led by Chen Ying, Ying Bu and Lv Chen, all defected to Xiang Liang's team one after another, and suddenly increased to 670,000 people. But by this time, Chen Wang had been killed by the traitor Zhuang Jia, and the Zhang Chu regime had been torn apart. At this critical juncture, Xiang Liang held a meeting of rebel leaders in Xue County (now south of Tengzhou, Shandong Province) to discuss the selection of rebel leaders. At this moment, an old man in his seventies named Fan Zeng came to offer suggestions. He said to Xiang Liang, "The state of Qin destroyed six countries, and Chu was the most unfortunate. Chu Huaiwang was deceived and died in the State of Qin, and the Chu people still miss him. You started from Jiangdong, and many people came to see you. This is because your family has been a general of Chu for generations, and people want you to restore Chu. If you make Chu Huaiwang's descendants king, you will certainly be able to call on more people. "
Xiang Liang felt that Fan Zeng's words were very reasonable, so he sent people to look around for the descendants of Chu Huaiwang. Not long after, we found Chu Huaiwang's grandson Xiong Xin, who was only 13 years old and was herding sheep for others. So Xiang Liang led everyone to make Xiong Xin king of Chu, and in order to conform to the nostalgia of the Chu people for the old country, he was still called "Chu Huaiwang". After the news spread, many people came to join Xiang Liang's team.
Xiang Liang placed Chu Huaiwang in Xuyi (now the northeast of Xuyi County) and led troops to continue westward. Defeated in Dong 'e (now northeast of yanggu county, Shandong Province), defeated in Puyang (now northeast of Huaxian County, Henan Province), and then captured Dingtao (now south of Heze, Shandong Province). At this time, the old nobles of Qi, Zhao, Yan, Wei and other countries also established kings on their own land and restored their titles, and the world of Qin was about to perish. Xiang Liang ordered Xiang Yu and Liu Bang, who had recently defected to him, to lead troops to the west quickly. Xiang Yu and Liu Bang killed Li You, the general of the Qin Dynasty. Seeing the critical situation, Zhang Han asked the Qin government to send reinforcements. After Xiang Liang's victory, he was complacent and unprepared. He attacked Dingtao and killed Xiang Liang. After Xiang Liang's death, the insurgents suffered heavy losses, so Xiang Yu, Liu Bang and Lv Chen had to retreat to Pengcheng (now Xuzhou, Jiangsu) and take the defensive.
Besides, Zhang Han, the general of the Qin Dynasty, after defeating the main force of the Chu army led by Xiang Liang, thought that the Chu army was weakened and there was no need to worry, so he put them aside and led the army across the Yellow River to attack Zhao Xie, who claimed to be the prince of Zhao at that time. The Prince of Zhao and his advisers Zhang Er and Chen Yu could not resist Qin Jun's attack, so they had to retreat to Julu (now Pingxiang County, Hebei Province) and hold their ground. Zhang Han sent general Wang Li to besiege the giant Lucheng like an iron drum, Qin Jun set an iron wall outside the city, and Zhang Han personally led the main force to transport food and grass to replenish the besieged Wang Li army.
Zhao was surrounded and couldn't keep it, so he quickly sent for help. Zhao Dajun, granted by Yan and Ji, had already arrived, but seeing Qin Jun's powerful influence, no one wanted to be an egg that touched the stone, and all of them were stationed in a place far away from Qin Jun.
In addition, Chu Huaiwang also received a distress letter from the prince of Zhao, and quickly prepared reinforcements, sent Yi Song as a general, and asked him to go north with Xiang Yu and Fan Zeng to save Zhao.
Yi Song set out from Cheng Peng with a great army, and the soldiers rested for several months. Now I hear that they are going to fight against Qin Jun's main force, rubbing their hands and fighting spirit is very strong. However, Yi Song is a timid and selfish villain. He won the trust of Chu Huaiwang with sweet words and cheated the relieving, but he didn't want to fight hard with Qin Jun at the gate. When he arrived in Anyang (now east of Cao County, Shandong Province), he ordered the whole army to rest in place. This stay is more than 40 days. He drinks and makes merry in the tent every day and never mentions helping Zhao.
Xiang Yu couldn't bear it. He came to see Yi Song: "Saving soldiers is like putting out a fire. Now the prince of Zhao is in danger. We should immediately lead our troops across the Yellow River and cooperate with Zhao Wang, and we will definitely defeat Qin Jun! " Yi Song gave Xiang Yu a sidelong glance and said slowly, "Where do you know the wonderful use of the art of war? Our goal is to destroy Qin Jun. My idea is to let Qin and Zhao fight to the death first, so that we can reap the benefits of the fishermen. I can't compare with you on the battlefield. If you want to make suggestions, you are far behind me. " Xiang Yu was robbed for nothing, but he didn't have an attack. He angrily walked out of the army account.
Yi Song smiled at his back, then drafted an order and announced it to the whole army, saying, "Soldiers should fight fiercely like tigers and wolves, but anyone who disobeys the order will be beheaded." This is obviously aimed at Xiang Yu, telling him to obey orders obediently.
Xiang Yu is a hot temper, how can he swallow this tone? One morning, armed to the teeth, he strode into Song Yijun's tent and once again demanded that troops be sent to rescue Zhao immediately. Song Yi lost his temper and shouted, "My military orders have been issued. Would you like to try the order first? " Xiang Yu roared, "I want to borrow my order!" Song Yiben was a straw bag, and he was scared into a ball at once. Xiang Yu cut off his head with a sword. When the soldiers heard that Yi Song had been killed, they immediately expressed their willingness to obey Xiang Yu's command and appointed Xiang Yu as the acting general.
Once in power, the order will be settled. Xiang Yu served as the commander-in-chief of Zhao Dajun, ordered the soldiers to bring enough food for three days each, and then ordered to smash all the cooking pots used for marching. The soldiers were shocked. Xiang Yu said, "No need for a pot. We can go into battle lightly and save Zhao immediately. He is in danger! As for eating, let's go to Zhang Han military camp and take a pot to cook! " When the army crossed the zhāng River, Xiang Yu ordered the soldiers to sink all the ferries and burn all the marching tents. The soldiers saw that their retreat was gone, and no one could live without winning the battle.
Xiang Yu's Chu army quickly surrounded Wang Li's army and launched nine fierce battles with Qin Jun. The Chu army crossing the river took one as ten, and ten as a hundred. They were all tigers in the mountains and fought bravely. On the battlefield, smoke covered the sky and the sound of ShaSheng was deafening. The soldiers of the Chu army fought harder and harder, and the earth shook and the blood became a river. After many confrontations, the Chu army finally defeated Qin Jun, killed the Qin general Su Jiao and captured Wang Li. The parties concerned were beaten to death and set themselves on fire (fén). Zhang Han hurried back with beaten army. When the reinforcements sent by the old nobles saw Xiang Yu's victory, they both admired and feared. From then on, Xiang Yu became a general, and all the vassal armies were under his command.
Zhang Han led the beaten army to retreat for dozens of miles, and sent people to Xianyang for help. However, Zhao Gao was busy seizing the throne and no reinforcements were sent. In desperation, Zhang Han led the rest of the Qin soldiers to surrender to Xiang Yu.
In the fierce battle of Julu, Xiang Yu's Chu army defeated Qin Jun's main force, and the powerful Qin Dynasty was unable to resist the attack of peasant rebels. Soon, Liu Bang's team invaded Xianyang and overthrew the rule of the Qin Dynasty. Xiang Yu immediately led the troops to the west. Xiang Yu is called "the overlord of the west Chu", but Fan Ceng said to you, "If you want to be king forever, you must kill Liu Bang." But Xiang Yu thought, "I used to be a friend. Why do I have to be an enemy?"
At the Hongmen banquet, you repeatedly refused to kill Liu Bang and named Liu Bang Hanwang, but who knows that heroes cherish heroes?
You are defeated. You are defeated. Although you are "angry at the world", you can only break through and escape, leaving your concubine.
Opposite, it is the hometown you miss day and night-Jiangdong. There is a boat in the middle of Wujiang River. After that, the meeting can be held.
But I don't want to spend the Wujiang River, thinking that I have no face to see my elders in Jiangdong, and the tide is gone, so it is difficult to turn the tide.
You fell down, with resentment, leaving many thoughts for future generations.
Formulate/design strategy in the command tent-formulate/design campaign strategy.
Interpretation: transportation: operation, change; Financing: planning and planning; Curtains: Ancient military tents. Make a comprehensive plan for the military strategy in the military account. Often refers to the decision of the rear battle plan. It also refers to presiding over big plans and considering decisions.
From "Preface to Historical Records Taishi": "Planning is better than invisibility, and the ovary plots its own things, and it is difficult and easy to draw, so it is more detailed."
Shi Ji Li Hou Shi Jia, Liang Chuanshi: Liu Bang once praised that "in strategizing, winning a thousand miles, the ovary is also successful."
The formal use of law; As predicate and attribute; It has positive significance and is used in military, political, etc.
Synonym holds a plan, makes a decision, and wins the battle.
General regulations
The language is "Biography of Historical Records and Gaozu".
In the early years of the Western Han Dynasty, the world was settled. Emperor gaozu Liu Bang held a grand banquet in Nangong, Luoyang. After several rounds of drinking, he asked the ministers a question: "Why did I win? Why did Xiang Yu fail? " Gao Qi and Mausoleum believed that Gaozu could achieve great things by sending talented people to capture cities and strategic places, and adding officials and titles to those who made significant contributions. Xiang Yu, on the other hand, failed because some people didn't use it and didn't award prizes. The sage didn't understand. Liu Bang, Emperor Gaozu of Han Dynasty, thought what they said was reasonable, but the most important reason for winning was that they could choose people. He praised Sean and said, "In the process of strategizing, I am not as good as the ovary (as the ancients said, the ovary is the word of Sean)." This means that Sean can decide the victory of a battle thousands of miles away by sitting on a military account and using tactics. This shows that Zhang Liang has a lot of calculations, making good use of his brain and making good use of his troops. Later, people used "strategizing" to show that they were good at planning and directing wars.
Xuanyuan Tian Zi is from Historical Records of Five Emperors.
Be lenient, from Historical Records Yin Benji.
Bloody shooting comes from Yin Benji, a historical record.
The pool of wine and meat comes from the Yin Benji of historical records.
The right-hand man is from Historical Records Zhou Benji.
Burning books and burying Confucianism comes from Historical Records of Qin Shihuang.
Calling a deer a horse comes from Historical Records.
Lashan Tuoding comes from Historical Records of Xiang Yu.
Pre-emptive strike comes from Historical Records of Xiang Yu.
Burn one's bridges comes from Historical Records of Xiang Yu.
The Hongmen Banquet is from Historical Records of Xiang Yu.
Xiang Zhuang's sword dance is intended to come from Historical Records of Xiang Yu's Biography.
Being crowned by a bathing monkey comes from Historical Records of Xiang Yu.
Farewell My Concubine is from Historical Records and Biography of Xiang Yu.
Historical Records Biography of Xiang Yu is under siege.
Seeing the elders in Jiangdong without shame comes from Historical Records of Xiang Yu.
It came from Historical Records: Biography of Emperor Gaozu.
The three chapters of the Covenant are from Historical Records and Biography of Emperor Gaozu.
Ming Xiu plank road, dark Chen Cang comes from Biography of Historical Records and High-impedance.
This ingenious plan comes from Biography of Emperor Gaozu in Historical Records.
A strategically advantageous position comes from Historical Records and Biography of Emperor Gaozu.
There is "Taste the Dare" in Historical Records of Goujian Family, King of Yue.
Birds bury their bows, from Historical Records: Goujian Family, King of Yue.
The armpit of the fox comes from Zhao Shijia in Historical Records.
Show off the city from the Confucius family in historical records
Bian Wei's three unique works come from the Confucian family in historical records.
The swan's ambition is from Historical Records, Chen She Family.
The accumulated broken bones are from Historical Records Biography of Zhang Yi.
Mao Sui recommended himself from Historical Records and Biography of Ping Yuanjun.
Stand out from Historical Records and Biography of Ping Yuanjun.
Blood League is from Historical Records and Biography of Ping Yuanjun.
Because people's success comes from Historical Records and Biography of Ping Yuanjun.
One sentence comes from Biography of Historical Records and Ping Yuanjun.
Zhao Haigui is from Historical Records Biography of Lian Po and Lin Xiangru.
A humble apology comes from Historical Records Biography of Lian Po and Lin Xiangru.
Anger and coronation come from Biography of Historical Records, Lian Po and Lin Xiangru.
"Choke the Neck" is from Historical Records, Biography of Lian Po and Lin Xiangru.
The rubber column drum instrument comes from Historical Records Biography of Lian Po and Lin Xiangru.
An armchair strategist comes from Biography of Historical Records, Lian Po and Lin Xiangru.
A golden word comes from Biography of Historical Records and Lv Buwei.
Strange goods can be found in Historical Records and Biography of Lv Buwei.
The desperate situation comes from Historical Records Biography of Assassins.
The last sentence comes from Historical Records Biography of Huaiyin Hou.
The liver and brain are smeared all over the place from Historical Records Biography of Huaiyin Hou.
The more, the better. From Historical Records Biography of Huaiyin Hou.
"Cockcrow and Dog Stealing" is from Biography of Historical Records and Meng Changjun.
The Three Caves of Cunning Rabbit are from Historical Records and Biography of Meng Changjun.
A lot, check it yourself! ! ! !