Before Zhu Yunming was born, his grandfather Xu Youzhen welcomed the restoration of the British emperor and was loved by him. He was jealous of Cao Jixiang, Shi Heng and others who contributed to the restoration, and was wrongly imprisoned several times. Later, Yingzong sent him home. After returning to China, he has been staying at home. It was not until Cao and Shi were defeated that he began to buy fields and build houses to prepare for his later years. At this time, Zhu Yunming was only two or three years old and was studying with his grandfather Xu Youzhen. He is highly respected in Xu Youzhen village. In Fu Xue, Suzhou, he was often asked to write books and epitaphs when erecting a monument. Therefore, in addition to grandpa, Zhu Yunming has a lot of contacts and is always affected.
When Zhu Yunming was five years old, his grandfather Zhu Hao resigned and returned to his hometown. Although his grandfather is over sixty years old, he is in good spirits. He is talkative and often jokes. People were very willing to make friends with him at that time. Zhu Yunming was deeply moved by his grandfather's humor, free and easy personality and vivid conversation. Zhu Yunming has a good talent. Under the guidance of two great scholars, he showed his talent very early. At the age of five, he can write Chinese characters one foot square, read a book and write a few lines, and at the age of nine, he can write poems. He is called a "child prodigy".
10 years old, read a lot of books, have wonderful articles, and have extraordinary wisdom. At the age of thirteen, grandpa died at the age of sixty-six. This year, Wumen won the highest prize, Wu Kuan. Two years later, Zhu Yunming's teacher Wang Songting won the third place again, and the Wumen literati became famous. When Zhu Yun was young in Ming Dynasty, he studied hard in order to be as famous as his elders, which was the only way out for literati. The development of Confucianism and the name of the family founded by Fu Xue in Suzhou were written by his grandfather, which is the pressure and requirement for Zhu Yunming.
Portrait of Zhu Zhishan
Seeing that all the teachers he knows are the first, he must study hard. Besides reading, he also practices regular script. Zhu Yunming worked hard in strict accordance with the teachings of his predecessors. Zhu Yun often combines reading with writing. He is one of the "three outstanding figures in Ming Dynasty" of Wumen Calligraphy School in Zhu Zhishan. His calligraphy absorbed the essence of Donnan and Yuan _, developed the cursive style of Wang Xizhi, Xing Shu and Tang Huaisu, and formed his own unique "the first grass in Ming Dynasty", with the saying that "Tang Bohu's paintings are words" circulating.
Zhu Zhishan is funny, free and easy, talented, informal and easy to travel. He often appears in many operas, such as San Xiao and The Tiger King Snatches His Parents. With his resourceful and eloquent image. Zhu Yun's poems and calligraphy in his youth in the Ming Dynasty are very famous in the countryside, and everyone knows his talent. So Young-jin Lee, then a policeman in Zhongshu, betrothed his eldest daughter to him. After he was born, he gave birth to another son, and his name continued. He was a scholar during Zheng De's reign and officially came to Guangxi as a supplementary witness. Zhu Yunming's calligraphy progress was made under the guidance of his father-in-law.
Young-jin Lee is good at calligraphy. He studies everyone. He advocates innovation and has his own style in practice. He was also a calligraphy teacher in Wen Zhiming, which had a great influence on the formation of Wumen calligraphy school. While studying hard, Zhu Yunming made many mentors and friends. Wang Song, ten years older than him, became a teacher, made friends with Du Mu and Yang Xunqi of similar age, and interacted with Tang Yin and Zhang Ling who were younger than him. He often sings, writes and draws together. He has deep feelings, middle-aged depression and displays his talents. Thirty years later, Zhu Yunming's talent is quite outstanding.
At the age of 33, Zhu Yunming took part in the provincial examination, and the provincial examiner appreciated his article very much. With his talent, Zhu Yunming believes that it is easy to get the first place in senior high school in Beijing. Who knows, seven attempts failed, which exceeded his expectations. The setbacks and blows in his official career played an important role in Zhu Yunming's later life and greatly changed his mood and personality. Zhu Yunming's middle age was spent in such changes. In the first half of middle age, I took the imperial examination tirelessly, and my thought is a kind of Confucianism that actively joined the WTO.
Later, after repeated battles and defeats, he became more and more brave, and gradually turned to the negative students of Laozi and Zhuangzi to start a dance academy. In addition to his daily behavior, his mentality can only be expressed through poetry and calligraphy. His calligraphy gradually turned to cursive script, and the development and success of cursive script after the age of 50 are inseparable from this mentality. When Tang Yin was 27 and 37 years old, he often drank with his neighbor Zhang Ling and didn't study well. When Zhu Jun found out, he went to persuade him. From then on, Tang Yin studied wholeheartedly. He also accepted Zhang Ling as his student. When he wrote a poem or a book, he asked Zhang Ling to wait beside him, so Zhang Ling made rapid progress.
At that time, Suzhou people called Zhu Yunming and Tang Yin "Wu Sijie". Study hard and pursue fame. After the age of fifty, Zhu Yunming is in an extremely contradictory state. Being unemployed in his fifties made him fidgety and miserable. He often drinks to drown his sorrows. At the age of fifty-three, his pain, anxiety and fatigue almost reached the extreme. At the age of 55, he finally got a formal position and was awarded the position of county magistrate of Xingning County, Huizhou City, Guangdong Province, and took office the following year.
Zhu Zhishan's Calligraphy
In the winter when he was 57, Zhu Yunming was asked to pay the autumn tax. He is an official in Xingning. Although my grades are good, I will go home after a long time. The main reason is that he doesn't like the old drawbacks in officialdom. As an educated scholar, although he hopes to be reused, his conscience prevents him from integrating into the officialdom. This is a contradiction. In the first year of Jiajing, 63-year-old Zhu Yunming was transferred to Nanjing as the judge of Jingzhao Yingtianfu, and was later called "Zhu Jingzhao". In the face of official corruption, he couldn't bear it, and finally decided to resign due to illness and return to his hometown of Suzhou for the rest of his life.
When Zhu Yunming was sixty-four, he built a Huaixing Hall in his grandfather's old house. This year, his good friend Tang Yin, a brilliant wit, died after suffering from cold weather. He is only 54 years old. Zhu Yunming was very sad and wrote an epitaph for him with tears. He wrote "Two Crying Sons and Fear" and "Holding a Son and Fear Again", with sad and painful feelings between the lines. A year later, his teacher Wang Yue also died at the age of 76. Zhu Yunming made a document offering sacrifices to Wang Wenke. He was ashamed that he didn't follow the teacher's request. The death of two teachers and friends cast another shadow over his old age.
When he was ill, he thought of his friends. No matter how long it was, whether it was hidden or not, he wrote a poem, which was counted as 18, and gave Wang Chong two poems. Therefore, he left Hu Aizhi's 19 poems. The bleak life made him more bohemian in his later years. He expressed himself honestly, so he created more weeds. On December 27th, the fifth year of Jiajing, Zhu Yunming died at the age of 67. Calligraphy leaders bid farewell to the world of poverty and disease. Through his own practice, the rise of Wumen Calligraphy School reached its peak, formed a romantic calligraphy style in Ming Dynasty, and became a calligrapher in the middle of Ming Dynasty, which had a great influence on the development of calligraphy in Ming Dynasty.
Zhu Yun left a lot of essays in the Ming Dynasty. According to Biography of the History of Ming Dynasty, "there are 60 volumes of existing poems, and other 100 volumes." Among them, Thirty Volumes of Zhu Ji and Thirty Volumes of Huaixing Tangji are the most famous, which are another cultural heritage besides his calligraphy works.
Zhu Zhishan wrote a story about scolding the rich.
Zhu Zhishan was a painter in the Ming Dynasty. On New Year's Eve, a rich man named Qian asked to write Spring Festival couplets. It is believed that the rich in Zhu Zhishan will search villages and oppress the people on weekdays. Since he came to see you today, why not take the opportunity to laugh at him? So he ordered the extremely rich master to put paper on both sides of the door and write down such a couplet:
Every spring tomorrow is unlucky;
In the coming year, more money and less money.
People in the past read this couplet like this when they saw it:
Every spring tomorrow is unlucky;
In the coming year, there is not enough money.
The rich man was very depressed after hearing this. Knowing that Zhu Zhishan abused him intentionally, he went to the county government to complain that Zhu Zhishan abused good people with couplets and asked his master to make a decision for him. In addition, the rich owner secretly sent some gold and silver to the sheriff. At this time, the county magistrate sent someone to ask, "Mr. Zhu, why did you insult Mr. Qian with couplets?" Zhu Zhishan replied with a smile, "poor adult! I am a scholar, so I can't help it. Dare to curse with couplets? All students write auspicious words! " Then, take out the couplets and read them to you on the spot:
Every spring is a beautiful tomorrow, not an unfortunate tomorrow;
Less luck and more money in the coming year.
The magistrate and the rich man were too shocked to speak. After a long time, the magistrate woke up from his dream and shouted at the front road. "That's just because you don't have much knowledge. Take your punch line as a curse, why not make amends to Teacher Zhu? " People who make money have no choice but to apologize again and again. Zhu Zhishan smiled and said goodbye to the county magistrate, and roared off.