The Four Heroes of the Early Tang Dynasty in the field of calligraphy, who are the four famous calligraphers?

The Four Heroes of the Early Tang Dynasty in the field of calligraphy, who are the four famous calligraphers?

In the field of calligraphy, it should be:

The four great calligraphers in the early Tang Dynasty are: Chu Suiliang, Ouyang Xun, Yu Shinan, and Xue Ji. Who are the "Four Heroes of the Early Tang Dynasty"?

The collective name of the early Tang writers Wang Bo, Yang Jiong, Lu Zhaolin, and Luo Binwang. "The Biography of Yang Jiong in the Old Book of Tang Dynasty" says: "Yang Jiong, Wang Bo, Lu Zhaolin, and King Luo Bin are equally famous for their writing and poetry. They are known as Wang Yang Luluo at home and are also known as the "Four Heroes".

The four heroes are equally famous. It originally refers to his poetry but mainly refers to parallel prose and fu. "Old Book of Tang·Biography of Yang Jiong" records Zhang Shuo and Cui Rong's comments on Yang Jiong's self-reflection that he was "ashamed of being in front of Lu and ashamed of being the queen". "The Biography of Pei Xingjian" said that they were "well-known for their articles", etc., and they all refer to the "Wen" in Volume 6 of "Chao Ye Qian Zai", "Yang Luluo was crowned king in the world", and the "Wen" of King Yang Jiong and Luo Bin was said to be "Wen". The examples cited in "Dian Gui Bu" and "Song of Doctors" are one article and one poem, so the four masters' equal names also refer to poetry. Later, it was mainly used to comment on his poems. Du Fu's "Six Quatrains for Play" has "Wang Yang, Lu Luo, etc. at that time" "sentence" is generally considered to refer to their poetry; but it is also considered to refer to prose, such as Zong Tingfu's "Ancient and Modern Poetry Quatrains" of the Qing Dynasty, which said "this poem discusses four or six"; or it is believed to refer to both poetry and prose, such as Liu Kezhuang's "Ancient and Modern Poetry Quatrains" "Houcun Poetry·Sequel" discusses this poem, citing poems, poems, etc. as examples.

The rankings of the four heroes are also recorded differently. Song Zhiwen's "Ji Shi Du Xueshen Review" said, After the founding of the Tang Dynasty, "King Yang Luluo returned", and this preface was used to list the people, which is the earliest known material. Zhang said in the "Shen Dao Stele Presented to Taiwei Pei Gong": "While selecting Cao Cao, I met King Luo Bin and Lu Zhaolin. , Wang Bo, Yang Jiong", with Luo as the head. Du Fu's poem "Wang Yang Lu Luo was in the style of the time", and one book is "Yang Wang Lu Luo"; "Old Tang Book·Pei Xingjian Biography" also has Yang Wang Lu Luo as the preface.

Although the poems of the Four Masters have not lost their beauty since the Qi and Liang Dynasties, they have initially changed the literary trend. Wang Bo clearly opposed the "Shangguan Style" at that time and "wanted to reform its shortcomings", and received support from Lu Zhaolin and others. Support (Yang Jiong's "Preface to the Collection of Wang Bo"). The collective name of the four outstanding writers of the early Tang Dynasty: Wang Bo, Yang Jiong, Lu Zhaolin, and Luo Binwang. It originally refers to their poetry and prose, but mainly refers to the poetry and prose of the four heroes. Although they have not lost the beauty of the Qi Dynasty, their poetry has begun to change the literary trend. Their poems have moved from the court to life, with a wider range of themes and a clearer and more elegant style. ; Wang and Yang's five-character rhymes began to be standardized, and their parallel prose also contained a flexible and lively spirit in the richness of their words. Lu Shiyong's "Summary of Poetry and Mirrors" said: "Wang Bo is brilliant, Yang Jiong is powerful, and Zhao Linqing is brilliant." Zao, Bin Wang Tan Yi, Zi An is the most outstanding? Transferred to the early Tang Dynasty, it brought the beauty of the Six Dynasties. "The four heroes were the figures in the transitional period between the old and the new in the literary world of the early Tang Dynasty.

Highlights

"Wang Yang Lu Luo", namely Wang Bo, Yang Jiong, Lu Zhaolin, and Luo Binwang, were the early Tang Dynasty literary figures. The Four Heroes of the Tang Dynasty.

Wang Bo (AD 650-676), named Zian, is the first of the "Four Heroes of the Early Tang Dynasty"). His poetry style is fresh, and his poems make him a famous poet in the early Tang Dynasty. Lu Zhaolin and others tried to change the poetry style at that time, which was "competing for fabrics and actually carving". The "Preface to Poems on Prince Teng's Pavilion" written by him when he was 27 years old is a famous piece of poetry, and the "Poem on Prince Teng's Pavilion" attached at the end of the preface is. It is a masterpiece among Tang poems, and the techniques in the poem have a great influence on later poets. As for his poem "Send Du Shaofu to Shuzhou", it is recognized as the best Tang poem, in which "the sea remembers the confidant, and the world is like a neighbor". These two sentences are the most profound and touching lines in Tang poetry.

Yang Jiong (650-693?), a poet from Hongyi Huayin (now Shaanxi Province). The poems on the frontier fortress are famous, such as "On the Military March", "Out of the Fortress", "Battle to the South of the City", "Purple Horse", etc., which express the fighting spirit of making contributions to the country, with majestic momentum and bold style. Other poems singing harmony and recording travels. It has no special features and is not completely out of style.

Lu Zhaolin (about 637-689) was a poet in the Tang Dynasty. King Luo Bin (about 640-687) was a poet of the Tang Dynasty.

The courtesy name is Guan Guang, a native of Yiwu, Wuzhou (now Yiwu, Zhejiang, China). A poet in the early Tang Dynasty, he was also called "Fu Luo" together with Fu Jiamo. Among the Four Masters, he wrote the most poems. He is especially good at seven-character songs, and his famous work "Emperor Capital Pian" is a rare full-length work in the early Tang Dynasty. It was considered his last song at the time. Luo also garrisoned the border city for a long time and wrote many frontier fortress poems: "The evening phoenix is ??misty, and the new melons shine on the border in autumn. The stove fire penetrates the army wall, and the beacon smoke reaches the garrison tower." He was lofty and ambitious, and he was kind to what he saw and heard. After Emperor Zhongzong of the Tang Dynasty was restored to power, he issued an imperial edict to Luo Wen and obtained hundreds of articles. There are many collections of Luo Binwang's poems and essays collected by later generations, among which "Luo Linhai Collection Notes" by Chen Xijin of the Qing Dynasty is the most complete.

The four heroes of the early Tang Dynasty were figures in the transitional period between the old and the new in the literary world of the early Tang Dynasty. Who do the "Four Heroes of the Early Tang Dynasty" refer to?

Wang Bo, Yang Jiong, Lu Zhaoling, King Luo Bin, who were the four heroes of the early Tang Dynasty? The "Four Heroes of the Early Tang Dynasty" refer to Wang Bo, Yang Jiong, Lu Zhaolin and King Luo Bin respectively. Referred to as "Wang Yang Lu Luo".

The fact that the four heroes are equally famous does not originally refer to their poetry, but mainly refers to parallel prose and Fu. Later, it was mainly used to comment on his poems. Du Fu's "Six Quatrains for Drama" contains the sentence "Wang Yang, Lu Luo and his current style", which is generally considered to refer to their poetry; but it is also considered to refer to literature. For example, Zong Tingfu of the Qing Dynasty's Quatrains on Ancient and Modern Poetry said "this poem" "On Four and Six"; or it may be considered to refer to both poetry and prose. For example, when Liu Kezhuang discussed this poem in "Houcun Poetry Talk·Sequel", he cited fu, epilogue, poetry, etc. as examples.

The rankings of the four heroes are also recorded differently. Song Zhiwen's "Review of the Words in Honor of Du Xueshi" said that after the founding of the Tang Dynasty, "King Yang Luluo returned", and listed these people in this preface, which is the earliest known material. Zhang said that "The Divine Stele Presented to Taiwei Pei Gong" said: "When selecting Cao Cao, I met King Luo Bin, Lu Zhaolin, Wang Bo, and Yang Jiong." Luo was the leader. Du Fu's poem "Wang Yang Lu Luo was in the contemporary style", and one book was "Yang Wang Lu Luo"; "Old Tang Book·Pei Xingjian Biography" also has Yang Wang Lu Luo as the preface.

Although the poems and essays of the Four Heroes have not lost their beauty since the Qi and Liang Dynasties, they have initially changed the literary trend. Wang Bo clearly opposed the "Shangguan style" at that time and "wanted to reform its shortcomings", and received support from Lu Zhaolin and others (Yang Jiong's "Preface to the Collection of Wang Bo"). Their poems reversed the sluggish and glitzy trend of court poetry before the Tang Dynasty, and changed the theme of poetry from the narrow neighborhood of pavilions, pavilions, flowers, snow and moon to the vast space of rivers, mountains, frontiers and deserts, giving poetry new vitality. Lu and Luo's seven-character songs tended to be more poetic and more powerful; Wang and Yang's five-character rhymes began to become standardized and had sonorous tones. Parallel prose is also full of flexibility and liveliness in the richness of words. Lu Shiyong's "General Theory of Poems and Mirrors" said: "Wang Bo is high-spirited, Yang Jiong is powerful, Zhao Zhaoqingzao is in the neighborhood, Bin Wang is Tanyi, Zi'an is the most outstanding? He was transferred to the early Tang Dynasty, and he brought the beauty of the Six Dynasties." The four heroes were in the early Tang Dynasty. An outstanding figure in the Tang literary world during the transitional period between the old and the new

Wang Bo

Introduction

Zi'an was born in Longmen, Jiangzhou (now Hejin, Shanxi). He once served as a member of the army in Guozhou

One of the Four Heroes of the Early Tang Dynasty

The parallel prose "Preface to the Pavilion of Prince Teng" written by him when he was young is a famous piece in Chinese classical literature and has been passed down orally for a long time. It is said that before he wrote an article, he prepared pen, ink, paper and inkstone. After drinking, he fell asleep under a quilt. When he woke up, he wrote it without changing a word. At that time, he was called "belly draft". His poems were fresh and natural, and there were often words in each article. Aphorisms are like strange flowers and plants scattered in the valley, making people read them endlessly. The famous line "The setting clouds and the solitary owl fly together, the autumn water and the sky are the same color" are the famous lines in his article. Wang Bo's works were compiled by the Ming Dynasty into "The Collection of Prince An".

Wang Bo's grandfather Wang Tong was a famous scholar in the late Sui Dynasty, with the title Wen Zhongzi. His father, Wang Fuji, served successively as Dr. Taichang and Yongzhou Sigong. Wang Bo's talent was revealed early. When he was still a minor, he was praised as a child prodigy by Liu Xiangdao, the Taichang Bo, who was in charge of the punishment. He recommended him to the imperial court. He was awarded a high rank and was awarded the title of Sanlang. At the beginning of Qianfeng's reign (666), Li Xianzheng, king of Pei, served as an attendant in the palace. Two years later, he was expelled from the palace in anger by Emperor Gaozong because he wrote a play called "Chicken of the King of England". Then he traveled to Bashu. In the third year of Xianheng (672), he joined the army in Guozhou. He was punished for killing official slaves and was pardoned and expelled. His father was also affected and demoted to Jiaozhiling. In the second year (675) or the third year (676) of the Shangyuan Dynasty, Wang Bonan went to visit his father, crossed the sea and drowned, and died of panic.

Appreciation of Works

Poem of Prince Teng’s Pavilion

Prince Teng’s high pavilion is near the river, and he sings and dances wearing a jade-colored mingluan.

The painted building is flying towards Nanpu clouds, and the bead curtain rolls into the west mountain rain at dusk.

The shadows of the leisurely cloud pool are long and the sun is shining, and things have changed and the stars have moved several autumns.

Where is the emperor's son in the pavilion now? Outside the threshold, the Yangtze River flows freely.

Yang Jiong

Introduction

(650-693), a poet of the Tang Dynasty, a native of Hongnong Huayin (now Shaanxi). In the fourth year of Xianqing's reign (659), he was selected as a child prodigy. In the third year of Shangyuan Dynasty (676), he passed the imperial examination. He was appointed as the school's scholar, and moved to the post of Zhan Shisi. In the first year of Chui Gong of Empress Wu (685), his ancestral brother Yang Shenrang joined Xu Jingye in raising an army and joined the army for the Zizhou Judiciary. In the first year of Tianshou (690), he taught in the Luoyang Palace Academy. In the first year of Ruyi (692), he moved to Yingchuan in the late autumn. The official administration was famous for its harshness, and he died in the official position. Known as Yang Yingchuan in the world.

Yang Jiong is famous for his poems on border fortress battles, such as "Marching the Army", "Going Out of the Fortress", "Battle to the South of the City", "Purple Horse", etc., which express the fighting spirit of making contributions to the country, with majestic momentum. Bold style. Other poems about singing harmony and recording travels are not very distinctive, and they are not completely out of their beauty style. There are also 50 pieces of poems, prefaces, tables, tablets, inscriptions, annals, and statements. Zhang said that "Yang Yingchuan's literary thoughts are like water pouring into a hanging river, and he can drink it inexhaustibly. He is better than Lu, but not inferior to Wang." The original biography of "Old Book of the Tang Dynasty" praised his "Ode to the Bon" for its "very elegant and beautiful lyrics", while the "General Catalog of Sikuquanshu" thought that "Jong's beautiful composition is not limited to this one" and said that "his poems and chapters are magnificent, because It runs through the classics and stops dabbling in glitz.” The "Preface to the Collection of Wang Bo" has a high evaluation of Wang Bo's creative practice in reforming the literary style of the time, reflecting the requirements of the "Four Masters" to consciously reform the writing style of the time. Regarding the "Wang, Yang, Lu, Luo" as they were called in China, Yang Jiong said that he was "ashamed to be in front of Lu and ashamed to be the queen", and the debaters at the time agreed. There are 33 poems in existence today, most of which have five rhymes. Hu Yinglin of the Ming Dynasty said that "Yingchuan is a modern style. Although it is less handsome than the king, it is clean and vigorous. When looking at its style, it is actually the beginning" (Volume 4 of "Shisou·Neipian")

Achievements

The original biography of "Jiu Tang Shu" states that he has 30 volumes of collected works, and "Junzhai Shuzhi" records 20 volumes of "Yingchuan Collection", but neither of them is reproduced today.

The collection of Tongpei in Wanli of Ming Dynasty includes 10 volumes of "Yingchuan Collection" and 1 volume of appendix. During the Chongzhen period, Zhang Xie re-edited it into 13 volumes. Among them, "Joining the Army" was included in the junior high school Chinese textbook published by the People's Education Press.

Lu Zhaolin

Introduction

(about 637 ~ about 689), a poet in the Tang Dynasty. The name is Shengzhi, and he calls himself Youyouzi. A native of Fanyang, Youzhou (governing present-day Zhuoxian County, Hebei Province). When he was young, he received primary school education and classics and history from Cao Xian and Wang Yifang, and was erudite and able to write. In the fifth year of Emperor Gaozong Yonghui's reign (654), the signature was signed for the palace of Prince Deng (Li Yuanyu). He was greatly loved by King Deng, who once said to others: "This is my Xiangru (Sima Xiangru)." At the beginning of the third year of Emperor Qianfeng's reign (668), Emperor Gaozong became the captain of Xindu, Yizhou (near today's Chengdu, Sichuan). Rank full, roaming in Shu. After leaving Shu, he lived in Luoyang. He was once imprisoned due to misfortune, but he was saved by rescuing his friends. Later, he contracted wind disease and lived in Taibai Mountain near Chang'an. He was poisoned by pills and his hands and feet were disabled. He moved to the foot of Juci Mountain in Yangzhai, bought dozens of acres of garden, dug Yingshui River, surrounded the house, built a tomb in advance, and lay down in it. He "considered himself to be a fashionable official of Emperor Gaozong, and he was the only Confucian; Empress Wu advocated the law, but he was the only Huang Lao; later he was granted the title of Songshan, and he repeatedly hired wise men, but he was deposed. He wrote "Five Sad Essays" to explain himself" ("New Book of Tang") This biography). Due to political frustration and long-term illness, he finally threw himself into Yingshui and died. The year of birth and death of Lu Zhaolin is unknown in history. Wu Zetian was granted the title of Songyue. Lu Zhaolin mentioned that "Later was granted the title of Songshan" and the preface to "Ode to the Sick Pear Tree" written by Emperor Gaozong in the fourth year of Xianheng's reign (673) said: "If you remain in power for the rest of your years, you will suffer from the disease of deep sorrow." It is inferred that it was already at that time He was nearly 40 years old. The fourth year of Xianheng was 22 years away from the first year of Dengfeng. Therefore, he was born in about the tenth year of Zhenguan (636) of Taizong and was about 60 years old when he died.

Influence

Lu Zhaolin's poems were especially good at seven-character songs and contributed to the development of Qigu. Yang Jiong praised him as "an outstanding talent in the world" ("Preface to the Collection of Ji Zi'an"). The representative work "The Ancient Meaning of Chang'an" is a poem that is bold and unrestrained, rich but not flashy. It is a well-known poem in the early Tang Dynasty, but it has not escaped the influence of the poetic style of the Six Dynasties. Both the "Old Tang Book" and "Chao Ye Qian Zai" say that there are 20 volumes of Lu You's collected works. Song Dynasty bibliographies such as "Chongwen General Catalog" are all recorded in 10 volumes.

The collections currently extant include "The Collection of Lu Sheng" and "The Collection of Youyouzi" compiled and annotated by Zhang Xie in the Ming Dynasty, both of which are in 7 volumes. "Complete Poems of the Tang Dynasty" catalogs his poems in 2 volumes. *** The "Lu Zhaolin Collection" compiled by Xia Dian is based on the 7-volume "Youyouzi Collection" and is also an "Supplement". Fu Xuancong is the author of "Simple Music Score of Lu Zhaolin and Yang Jiong".

Lu Zhaolin’s tomb is located on the west bank of the river in Shangjia Village, Longmen Village, Wuliang Town, Yuzhou City, Henan Province. The tall tomb remains.

Representative work

"Ancient Ideas of Chang'an"

Chang'an Avenue is narrow and sloping, with green oxen and white horses and seven-scented carriages.

Jade chariots passed through the main hall, and golden whips came to the Hou family.

The dragon holds a treasure in its head to carry the morning sun, and the phoenix spits out tassels to carry the sunset.

Hundreds of feet of hairsprings are vying around the tree, and a flock of delicate birds are singing.

There are flowers and butterflies singing beside thousands of doors, green trees and silver platforms of thousands of colors.

The windows along the complex road are decorated with acacia trees, and the two bridges are connected with hanging phoenix wings.

The Four Heroes of the Early Tang Dynasty

The Liang Family Painting Pavilion rises from the middle of the sky, and the golden stems of Emperor Han are straight out.

We look at each other in front of the building but don’t know each other, and we know each other when we meet on the street.

I would like to ask Xiang Ziyan, who once played the flute and spent his youth learning to dance.

How can I die if I have achieved success? I would like to be a mandarin duck and not envy the immortals.

It’s so enviable to be like a mandarin duck. Even if you come and go, you won’t see me.

When I was born, I embroidered the solitary Luan on the forehead of the tent, so that I could take the door curtain and post it with two swallows.

Swallows fly around the painted beams, and Luo Weicui is surrounded by tulips.

The cicadas on the temples are covered with clouds, and the crows are yellow in the early moon.

The crow-yellow, pink-and-white girl comes out of the car, with a coquettish expression and different emotions.

The demon boy's BMW is tied with money, and the prostitute is bent on her knees with a dragon and gold.

The crow crows at night in the Yushi Mansion, and the bird wants to perch in front of Tingwei's gate.

The faint Zhucheng faces the jade road, and there is no golden embankment in the distance.

Flying eagle with a missile to the north of Duling, Tanwan borrowing guests to the west of Weiqiao.

We all invite knights and swordsmen, Furong Sword, and stay in prostitutes' houses.

At dusk, the prostitute wears a purple skirt and sings a clear song, which fills the atmosphere.

People in Beitang are like the moon every night, and people in Nanmo are like clouds in the morning.

Nanmo and Beitang are connected to Beili. Five dramas and three articles control three cities.

The weak willows and green locust trees droop on the ground, and the good atmosphere rises from the red dust in the dark sky.

During the Han Dynasty, King Wu came with thousands of horses and brought him an emerald Tusu Parrot Cup.

Luo Ru's treasure belt is for you to interpret, Yan Ge and Zhao Wu are for you to open.

There is no such thing as a luxurious title for a general or a prime minister.

The source of the spirit is to drain the husband, and the authoritarian judgment cannot tolerate Xiao Xiang.

The authoritative spirit is a hero, the green Qiu and purple swallows sit on the spring breeze.

He said that he has been singing and dancing for thousands of years, and he said that he was arrogant and extravagant.

The mulberry fields and blue seas will change in a moment.

In the past, there was a white jade hall with golden steps, but now only green pines can be seen.

I live in the lonely Yangtze, with a bed of books every year.

The unique Nanshan osmanthus hair is flying around and attacking people's skirts.

—— (Selected from "The Complete Poems of the Tang Dynasty")

"Lotus in Quchi"

The floating incense surrounds the curved bank, and the round shadow covers the Huachi.

I am often afraid that the autumn wind will come early and you will not know how it will drift.

King Luo Bin

Introduction

(about 619-about 687) poet of the Tang Dynasty. The courtesy name is Guan Guang, a native of Yiwu, Wuzhou (now Yiwu, Zhejiang, China). A poet in the early Tang Dynasty, he and Fu Jiamo were both called "Fu Luo".

His father, who was the magistrate of Bochang County in Qingzhou, died in his post. He was able to write poems at the age of 7 and was known as a "child prodigy". It is said that the goose poem was written at this time: "Goose, goose, goose, singing to the sky, white hair floating on the green water, anthurium stirring the clear waves." After his father's death, he lived in Boshan, and later moved to Xiaqiu, Yanzhou County, spent his early years in poverty and poverty. During the Yonghui period (650-655) of Emperor Gaozong of the Tang Dynasty, he was a subordinate of Li Yuanqing, the Taoist king. The Taoist king asked him to report his talents. Later, he became a bachelor of Fengli Lang and became a bachelor in Dongtai. He was banished for his work and joined the army in the Western Regions, guarding the frontiers for a long time.

Later he entered Shu and lived in the army of Li Yi, the general manager of Yaozhou Dao. He put down the rebellion of the barbarians, and Wen Xi made many of his efforts. When he was in Shu, he went back and forth with Lu Zhao to pay tribute. In the third year of Yifeng's reign (678), he was later transferred to the post of Chief Secretary of Wu Gong and Chief Secretary of Chang'an, and he was appointed Chief Secretary of Chang'an to the imperial court as Shi Yushi. When Wu Zetian came to power, Luo wrote many satirical letters and was imprisoned. Luo's "Cicada in Prison" says: "It's hard to fly in due to heavy dew, and it's easy to sink when the wind blows loudly. No one believes in nobleness, who can show mercy?" to express grief and indignation. The following year, he was pardoned and released. In the second year of Tiaolu (680), he was appointed as the Prime Minister of Linhai County, and was known as Luo Linhai in the world. After abandoning his official position, he traveled to Guangling and wrote a poem to clarify his ambition: "The sword is kept in Chu, and the golden spine is promised to be returned to Korea." In the first year of Sisheng (684), Wu Zetian abolished Zhongzong and established himself. In September of this year, Xu Jingye (also known as Li Jingye) came to Yangzhou Raise troops to oppose. King Luo Bin was a member of the Xu family and was appointed as the Art and Literature Order, in charge of confidential documents. He drafted the famous "Appeal to the Wu Family" (i.e., "Advocate to the World on behalf of Li Jingye"): "The sound of the squad makes the north wind rise, the sword energy rushes and the south is flat, the dark sound makes the mountains collapse, and the shouts make the situation change. If you use this to defeat the enemy, you will never be able to defeat it. If you use this to achieve great success, you will never be able to conquer it... Look at who is the leader of the world today! When Wu Zetian read, "A handful of soil is not yet dry, how can a six-foot-long solitude be supported?" The emperor asked: "Who did it?" Or facing Bin Wang, Wu Zetian sighed and said: "How can the Prime Minister win or lose this person?" Xu Xu in November Jingye was defeated and killed, and King Luo Bin's whereabouts are unknown. "Zi Zhi Tong Jian" said that he and Li were killed at the same time, "Chao Ye Qian Zai" said that he threw himself into the river and died. "New Book of Tang" originally said that he "did not know where he was", while Meng Qi's "Ben Shi Shi" said that he died by throwing himself into the river. : "When Jingye was defeated, he fled with King Bin and could not be captured. The general was worried that he would lose his leader, and he would be guilty of an unexpected crime. Tens of thousands of people died at that time, and those who wanted to kill two people sent a letter to offer their heads. Although it was known later If you don't die, you won't dare to arrest him. Therefore, he became a monk in Hengshan and died at the age of ninety. King Bin also became a monk and traveled to Lingyin, where he died at the age of one. It refers to the collective name of the four writers Wang Bo, Yang Jiong, Lu Zhaolin and Luo Binwang in the early Tang Dynasty of China, referred to as "Wang Yang Lu Luo". The Four Talents of Jiangnan, also known as the "Four Talents of Wu Clan", are four talented and free-spirited intellectuals who lived in Suzhou, Jiangsu during the Ming Dynasty. It is generally believed to refer to Tang Bohu, Zhu Zhishan, Wen Zhengming and Xu Zhenqing.

The Four Heroes of the Early Tang Dynasty are Wang Bo, Yang Jiong, Lu Zhaolin, and Wang Luo Bin

The "Four Heroes of the Early Tang Dynasty" refers to the collective name of the four writers Wang Bo, Yang Jiong, Lu Zhaolin, and Luo Binwang in the early Tang Dynasty. Referred to as "Wang Yang Lu Luo".

1. Wang Bo: courtesy name Zian, his representative works include "Preface to Prince Teng's Pavilion", "Sending Du Shaofu to Shuzhou", etc.

2. Yang Jiong: Also known as Yang Yingchuan, his representative works include "Yang Yingchuan Collection" and so on.

3. Lu Zhaolin: courtesy name Shengzhi, nickname Youyouzi, his representative works: "The Collection of Lu Sheng", "The Collection of Youyouzi", etc.

4. Luo Binwang: Zi Guangguang, his representative works include "Li Jingye's Biography to the World", "The Past", "The Cicada in Prison and Preface", etc. Who are the Four Heroes of the Early Tang Dynasty?

The four literati in the early Tang Dynasty were "Wang Bo, Yang Jiong, Lu Zhaolin, and King Luo Bin". They made great breakthroughs in palace poetry in terms of content and style, and matured the five-character verse, bringing a new style to Tang poetry. Among them, Wang Bo has the highest achievement.

Wang Bo (650--676) whose courtesy name was Zian. A native of Longmen, Jiangzhou (now Hejin, Shanxi). The grandson of Shuo Confucian Wang Tong in the late Sui Dynasty. At the age of 14, he passed the examination and was awarded Chaosanlang. King Li Xian of Pei heard about his name and called him to write for the palace. He was expelled from the palace by Emperor Gaozong because of his play "Call to the King of King Chicken". When he joined the army in Guozhou, he committed a capital crime because he was good at killing official slaves. After being pardoned, he crossed the sea to visit his relatives, but drowned and died of fright. He was very talented when he was young, and together with Yang Jiong, Lu Zhaolin and Luo Binwang, he was known as the "Four Heroes of the Early Tang Dynasty". Writing poetry can break through the constraints of imperial poetry in the literary world at that time, and the style is relatively fresh and clear. The famous poem "Farewell to Du Shaofu on his appointment to Shuzhou" has swept away the deep farewell style of the predecessors and has always been recited by people. He is also good at parallel prose, and his representative work "Preface to Prince Teng's Pavilion" has become a household name in the Tang Dynasty. There are also many academic works. Except for "Preface to the Eighty-one Difficult Sutras of the Yellow Emperor" and "Praise to the Secret of the Platform", which were included in "Wenyuan Yinghua", the rest are lost.

Yang Jiong (650--693?) was born in Huayin (now Huayin, Shaanxi Province). He was a child prodigy at the age of 10 and was taught as a school scholar at the age of 27.

At the time of Empress Wu, she was the Yingchuan Order of Wuzhou and was known as Yang Yingchuan in the world. He is good at five rhymes in poetry, and his poems describing life in the frontier are particularly outstanding, such as "Battle in the South of the City" and "On the Military March", all of which are majestic and vigorous in style. Other themes are not entirely free from the gorgeous writing style. The prose contains many verses, prefaces, tables, annals, etc., 50 of which are extant now. In his "Preface to the Collection of Wang Bo", he gave a high evaluation to Wang Bo's theory and practice of reforming the obscene customs at that time. Among the "Four Heroes", he has the smallest number of poems and slightly smaller achievements.

Lu Zhaolin (about 636--695 years later) was given the courtesy name Youyouzi. A native of Fanyang, Youzhou (now Zhuozhou, Hebei). He was first appointed as the Dian of Prince Deng's Mansion, and later moved to the new captaincy. However, he resigned due to the wind. Living in Taibai Mountain, he was poisoned by pills and his hands and feet were disabled. He moved to the foot of Cishan Mountain in Yangzhai County, where he bought a garden and built a tomb. Finally, due to political frustration and torture, he threw himself into the Yingshui River and died. He was unsuccessful in his life and only served as a minor official for several terms. In order to explain his experiences, he wrote "Five Sad Essays". He is famous for his poems, and his poems are preferably in the style of seven-character songs. The works are rich in diction, broad in content, clear in artistic conception, and won by rhyme. The representative work "The Ancient Meaning of Chang'an" reveals the extravagant life and internal struggles of the upper class society, and is an outstanding achievement among the long songs of the early Tang Dynasty.

King Luo Bin (about 626--684) was born in Yiwu, Wuzhou (now Yiwu, Zhejiang). At first, he was a subordinate of Li Yuanqing, the king of escape, and he was also appointed as the chief administrator of Wugong and Chang'an counties. After entering the imperial court as censor, he was convicted and imprisoned for writing many letters discussing world affairs, and was demoted to Linhai County Prime Minister. The world is called Luo Linhai. Following Xu Jingye, he raised an army against Wu Zetian in Yangzhou, but was defeated and ended up unknown. King Luo Bin was famous for his talent, and together with Wang Bo, Yang Jiong, and Lu Zhaolin, he was known as the "Four Heroes of the Early Tang Dynasty". He is good at seven-character singing. The famous work "Imperial Capital Chapter" is similar in content to Lu Zhaolin's "Chang'an Ancient Meanings", but it is longer and more elaborate. It was called the swan song at the time. He is also good at five-character poetry. The five-rhyme "Cicada in Prison" uses cicadas to describe itself and is a well-known poem. He is also good at writing parallel prose. When he followed Xu Jingye to join the army, he wrote the famous "A Prosecution to the World on behalf of Li Jingye" (i.e., "A Prosecution to Empress Wu"). The slogan adopts the technique of suppressing and raising, which is very combative and appealing. It is said that Wu Zetian also greatly appreciated this article after reading it. Who are the Four Heroes of the Early Tang Dynasty?

The "Four Heroes of the Early Tang Dynasty" refers to the collective name of the four writers Wang Bo, Yang Jiong, Lu Zhaolin and Luo Binwang in the early Tang Dynasty in China, referred to as "Wang Yang Lu Luo".