. Zhang Fei in "The Romance of the Three Kingdoms" is one of the most familiar and favorite characters among readers. However, this image was created by Luo Guanzhong on the basis of maintaining the basic characteristics of the historical figure Zhang Fei who was loyal to Liu Shu and brave and good at fighting, and modified it according to the ethics and aesthetics of the citizen class. Many people may not be familiar with Zhang Fei in history, and there are even some misunderstandings or unfounded speculations.
First of all, what did Zhang Fei look like in history? You may say: "Leopard's head and eyes, swallow's chin and tiger's beard." In fact, this is just a popular literary saying. The "Book of Shu·Biography of Zhang Fei" in the history book "Three Kingdoms" does not mention Zhang Fei's appearance. There is a classic description of Zhang Fei's appearance in "The Romance of the Three Kingdoms": "Eight feet long, with a leopard's head and eyes, a swallow's jaw and a tiger's beard, his voice is like a huge thunder, and his power is like a galloping horse." (Chapter 1) From then on, Zhang Fei Fei's appearance has been fixed in the minds of readers. In order to show Zhang Fei's uprightness, later operas "gave" him a black face. Some people say that "Zhang Fei in history was a handsome man." This can only be a speculation...
Secondly, what was the origin of Zhang Fei in history? ...Although Liu, Guan, and Zhang originally had a business atmosphere, and Zhang Fei's family background was better than that of Liu Bei and Guan Yu, only Zhang Fei could make all living beings feel friendly.
Again, what is the character of Zhang Fei in history? According to the records of "Three Kingdoms·Book of Shu·Biography of Zhang Fei", although Zhang Fei in history had the merits of respecting virtuous people and admiring gentlemen, he also had serious flaws of being irritable and unkind in situations he encountered. "The Romance of the Three Kingdoms" is based on the "Three Kingdoms", transforming the "brave and violent" character of the historical figure Zhang Fei into the "brave and reckless" character. This is a very important change...
To sum up, the Zhang Fei in the minds of most Chinese people is actually no longer the historical figure Zhang Fei, but mainly after the transformation and transformation of "The Romance of the Three Kingdoms" The reshaped image of Zhang Fei. He is not only based on the historical Zhang Fei, but also has great development and changes. This endearing artistic image is not only unique among the thousands of characters written in "The Romance", but also started a series of heroic characters characterized by "rough and reckless" in Ming and Qing novels, and became one of the most popular characters in this image series. "This one" that cannot be replaced by anyone and has the most far-reaching influence.
2. Zhang Fei's character shortcoming is that he has a bad temper, "has no sympathy for villains" and is "violent and ungrateful". Both the official history "Romance of the Three Kingdoms" and the novel "Romance of the Three Kingdoms" have recorded that Liu Bei criticized Zhang Fei for "not only did the punishment of the minister go too far, but he also whipped the healthy children every day, and the orders were on the left and right. This is the way to bring disaster." Sure enough, Zhang Fei died at the hands of his subordinates.
In terms of personal bravery, Zhang Fei single-handedly challenged Cao Cao's army at the Changban Bridge. No one dared to approach, making him a famous "enemy of ten thousand people"!
In terms of military attack, Zhang Fei He led his troops to quickly capture Xichuan, creating a situation in which the Three Kingdoms stood in opposition to each other, and his offensive capabilities were very strong.
In terms of strategic defense, Zhang Fei defeated the invading Cao Wei general Zhang He and annihilated his entire army. The defense was very good.
In terms of personal charisma, Zhang Fei loves and respects gentlemen and interprets his strict appearance. He is known as having the style of a national scholar and has great charm.
In terms of loyalty, righteousness and courage, Zhang Fei broke off the throne alone and clung to the long board, saving Liu Bei from danger. Moreover, his brother Guan Yu was loyal and righteous enough.
In terms of reputation among the people, Zhang Fei governed central Sichuan and was loved by everyone. After his death, the people immediately built a temple for him, and his reputation was very good.
In terms of literary accomplishment, Zhang Fei is excellent in calligraphy and painting. He also likes to recite poetry and is a scholar.
In terms of internal affairs talents, Zhang Fei governed Bashu, the people lived and worked in peace and contentment, the country was prosperous and stable, and the internal affairs were good.
In terms of personal achievements, Zhang Fei captured Bachuan in the west, fought against Cao Cao in the north, and conquered Bashu in the south. His achievements are shining through.
In terms of historical status, Zhang Fei was the founding general of the Shu Han Dynasty, the "Tiger Minister of the World", and had a significant influence during the Three Kingdoms period.
In terms of personal shortcomings, Zhang Fei is "violent and ungrateful" to villains, and he also manipulates them. His character is too straightforward and lacks sophistication