There is no end to learning, but there are ways. Good learning methods can help a person to surpass others quickly, which is the shortcut.
"Three Laws and One Book" Need to Know
A Method of Reading —— Looking at Calligraphy by Catalogue.
Looking at calligraphy by catalogue simply means looking at the catalogue before reading, or reading against the catalogue.
There are not a few people who emphasize the "outline", but few people think that the catalogue of a book is the best outline of this book; A large number of teachers emphasize that students should make an outline of a textbook, but they just didn't expect students to read it against the catalogue. If we use the table of contents to read calligraphy in the process of learning, whether before class, after class or in the general review, we can effectively "check for missing parts" and better understand the true meaning of "outlining".
Look at the calligraphy in the catalogue, and you can also screen some books. When you get an unread book or prepare to buy a book, you will get what you need more practically if you pay attention to the preface, abstract, table of contents, etc. Have a general understanding of the contents of the book first, and then consider whether it is necessary to read or buy it.
A memory method-associative memory method.
Associative memory is a way to remember things through association.
Most people use this method consciously or unconsciously, and others, such as comparative memory and story memory, are derived from associative memory.
When we usually talk about someone or something, we always get a hint and have a basic image in our minds, so that we can talk more vividly; When we talk about something we are familiar with, the shape of that thing always comes to mind. These are all conscious or unconscious use of associative memories.
For example, mathematical equations are based on the balance principle of scales. If we connect the equation with the balance, we can deepen our understanding of the equation. Many experiments in physics, chemistry and biology, if done by yourself, will be unconsciously associated during the learning process; In the study of biology, if you pay attention to observation at ordinary times, you can also associate it well; The memory of historical events and the determination of geographical location all need to use "association"; In the process of learning a foreign language and Chinese, especially when collecting and memorizing foreign language vocabulary, idioms and Chinese good words and sentences, association is more necessary.
If we continue to "associate" and form the habit of using associative memory, we will benefit a lot.
A way of thinking-"logical" thinking.
Logical thinking is the abstract thinking of human beings.
It is a thinking process from intuitive perception to image understanding, and then to abstract exploration of the objective world through concepts, judgments, reasoning and argumentation.
Logic has two meanings at different levels and angles:
First, logic is an order and a law.
Second, logic needs to be classified and then summarized.
When a person speaks or does things upside down, it is usually said that the person lacks or has no "logic".
To put it bluntly, logic is to speak and do things in an orderly way.
Mathematician Hua's "overall planning method" can make people understand what "logic" is
To improve logical thinking ability is to think of "overall planning method" at every turn and form the habit of speaking and doing things in an orderly way.
Other thinking methods, such as habitual thinking, extended thinking and reverse thinking, are basically derived from logical thinking methods.
Teachers who can't talk-reference books.
Reference books are documents specially designed for finding knowledge and information. Commonly used reference books include Xinhua Dictionary and English-Chinese Translation Dictionary.
These extremely rich reference books will bring extremely rich gains, greatly stimulate interest in learning and reduce a lot of "troubles" for parents and teachers.
If you know the "three methods and one book" and can improve your ability in all aspects accordingly, it will lay a solid foundation for systematic learning.
The classroom effect is particularly important.
The learning effect in the classroom is particularly important. How to avoid poor learning effect caused by inattention in class? In fact, many adults can't concentrate for 40 minutes, and it is almost impossible to emphasize that 40 minutes in class is not absent-minded. If you do this:
First, preview before class and write down what you don't understand.
Second, in class, teachers listen carefully to what they don't understand.
Third, in case you miss the key points because of desertion, review your homework carefully after class and then write down what you don't understand.
Fourth, the teacher should focus on what he doesn't understand.
This repeated cycle can effectively avoid the problem of poor learning effect caused by inattention in class.
It can be summed up in one sentence: "I don't understand in preview, and I don't understand in class." When you miss something, you can't find it in the review; Focus on listening to' I don't understand' and listen to' I don't understand' repeatedly. "
Basic knowledge is the most important.
Basic knowledge is the most important! Most basic knowledge comes from textbooks. Textbooks are the crystallization of human collective wisdom and the essence of essence.
Don't look at things that are not sure about the right thing over and over again. Only those things that are definitely right are worth remembering. The correct rate of the content in the textbook is infinitely close to 100%, so we repeatedly emphasize the principle of taking books as the foundation-attach great importance to the textbook!
If you forget what you have learned before, don't be afraid to look back at your previous textbooks.
The study of basic knowledge is a repetitive process, and it is a process of "learning textbooks repeatedly". To lay a good foundation is to "thoroughly" the textbook.
If you can do it: even if you wake up in the middle of the night, you can still answer the main points of knowledge skillfully. Your academic performance must be excellent.
Everything comes first, Chinese comes first.
Everything comes first, and people communicate with each other in daily life, such as speaking, writing materials, typing reports, chatting online, and texting on mobile phones. In the study of other subjects, the textbook expounds concepts such as definition, axiom, law, theorem, inference and formula. Understanding of concepts and meanings, etc. It is inseparable from language.
In the learning stage, many people are often most afraid of failing the exam, because the "application" of Chinese is everywhere, and the "connotation" of Chinese depends on the usual accumulation, unlike mathematics, physics, chemistry and other subjects, which are easy to make up.
Chinese learning is closely related to basic Chinese knowledge, reading comprehension and writing a good composition.
Basic knowledge should be consolidated.
To learn Chinese well, you have to mention words. Writing is the foundation of Chinese, which is a shame for a person who doesn't know his own language.
What is grammar to learn Chinese well? Talking with people who use the same language, regardless of grammar, can understand each other and not hinder communication. How come... In fact, people who use the same language unconsciously follow certain rules in the process of communication. Smart people sum up these rules, such as subject, predicate, object, definite, form and complement, and it becomes grammar. Grammar can help you understand the sentences, sentence groups and paragraphs in the article well.
To learn Chinese well, you need to read aloud with emotion. As the saying goes, "read a book a hundred times, and you will know its meaning." Some people will ask: "Reading can be divided into silent reading and audio reading, each of which has its own advantages and disadvantages and is equally important. Why do you need to emphasize emotional reading? " This is because: the most advantageous feature of silent reading is its fast reading speed, which is used by most people most of the time; Relatively speaking, fewer people read aloud with emotions, and these people have less time to read aloud with emotions. Read aloud with emotion, you can think while reading, cultivate a sense of language, achieve the unity of heart and mouth, speak sincerely, improve your language expression ability, help you understand the artistic conception of an article or a paragraph (whether you understand the author's true meaning or not at that time), and enhance your imagination.
If you understand and remember a lot of words and meanings, master and skillfully use grammar, and often read aloud with emotion, you can achieve good results.
Reading comprehension needs to be improved.
How to improve reading comprehension?
In the process of learning, if you are in doubt about an article or a paragraph, you should try to buckle the original text to understand it, including the central idea, the feeling after reading, comments and so on.
It's like two people quarreling. Winners always make full use of what the other side says (understand what the other side says) and are good at catching "loopholes" (closely follow the meaning of the topic).
To improve reading comprehension is to constantly look for the advantages and disadvantages of an article or a paragraph, learn from other people's experience, and foster strengths and avoid weaknesses.
Is reading comprehension really difficult? Many people find reading and understanding homework very difficult. When doing homework at ordinary times, even if you understand the meaning of an article or a paragraph, you often have no way to start.
When students do math and physics homework, teachers or parents often remind them: "Understand the meaning of the problem and stick to it!" Few teachers or parents say such things when students do their Chinese homework. The reason why students find it difficult to read and understand homework is largely because they don't fasten the original text.
If you pay attention to extract the original text in the process of reading and understanding. Even if you summarize the whole paragraph, you should make full use of the original text, or extract words, or compress the trunk, or extract the main points, or reorganize it, and then process it according to the requirements of the topic. You will have a new understanding of reading comprehension.
Most reading comprehension questions can be found in the source materials. Reading comprehension is inseparable from open source materials. Without source materials, I'm afraid no one can answer correctly (irrelevant answer, unable to convey the meaning), and the answer is incomplete (a fragment, a fly in the ointment, a flaw). Therefore, the most important and effective way to answer the reading questions accurately is to find the answer in the original text!
Generally speaking, on the basis of learning the basic knowledge of Chinese well, especially reading aloud with emotion, and then paying attention to extracting the original text, reading comprehension homework is not difficult to do.
Don't be afraid to write "good" articles.
Generally speaking, as long as the two sides can communicate, they don't need to pay too much attention to grammatical phenomena such as language structure and rhetorical devices; Writing is not more rigorous than ordinary speeches, which is also the main reason why some people "brag", "talk big" and "can't write".
There are certainly many people who are afraid of writing. Afraid, because the screenwriter thinks there is no material. There is no matter because no matter is found. In fact, life is beautiful, as long as you love more.
This is a commonplace question. The hardest part is actually in the beginning People who are afraid of writing usually don't know how to start, let alone how to end. Writing a composition is actually writing a true story and writing your own true feelings. Many characters in world famous works can find prototypes in real life, not to mention ordinary composition. You can't write a good article by imagining and fabricating it out of thin air. For example, the child's parents quarreled and the child saw it. Never mind how to start, the moment children see their parents quarreling, and the quarrel is real, then children have so-called material to write. Don't care how it ends, the real thing will definitely have a result after it happens, no matter who compromises, it will still go away; It is true that children have their own feelings after seeing their parents quarreling; Children have something to write, which can give a good ending to the composition. "Wash your dirty linen in public", some children will ask: "Mom and Dad quarreled, let other students know, won't they laugh at me?" Tell him: "the composition is based on real people, but it doesn't mean that fiction is not allowed." You can describe things, real people, real inner feelings. Just write the quarrel between mom and dad as an uncle and aunt quarrel! "
Where does the composition material come from? Good literary works can enrich life, but more comes from life. The material of the composition is actually the people, things and things around you. Observe the people, things and things around you, plus your own experience, and pay attention to collecting and sorting, and gradually establish a material library. In this way, when writing, according to the composition requirements, choose the appropriate material from your own material library, and you will certainly be able to write a good article.
If you consolidate the basic knowledge of Chinese, have a new understanding of reading comprehension and can write good articles, will your Chinese grades be poor?
Foreign language "in-laws"
A foreign language is a foreign "language", which has many similarities with Chinese and is "in-laws" with Chinese. After mastering a certain vocabulary, I don't pay much attention to grammar when talking to foreigners. Learning a foreign language is nothing more than finding foreign words and idioms difficult to remember. The memory of foreign words and idioms first promotes "associative" memory. For example, when you want to eat apples, you can say some related words. The way you eat and the shape of apples come to mind, which can effectively help you remember words and idioms. Phonetic symbols of foreign languages are equivalent to Chinese Pinyin, which also plays an important role in the understanding and memory of foreign words, so we should remember them like Chinese Pinyin. The difference between a foreign language and Chinese is that there is no language environment. The vast majority of China people learned Chinese Pinyin before entering the first grade of primary school, but did not learn foreign language phonetic symbols. If we can consciously create a foreign language environment, practice oral English frequently and refer to Chinese learning methods, we will certainly learn a foreign language well.
Mathematics and physics gave birth to "one reason"
Some concepts, such as definitions, axioms, laws, theorems and inferences in mathematics, science, culture and life, belong to basic knowledge and are closely related to Chinese. If you can't understand or remember the concept, then the teacher is like listening to a gobbledygook. Of course you can't learn well. If you can understand or remember the concept (you can't really understand it yet, don't imitate rote memorization), then when the teacher lectures, think about it: "Why did the teacher do this, what concept did he use, and where did he cut in?" Verify the basic concepts you understand or remember with what the teacher said, in turn, deepen your understanding and memory of the basic concepts, and draw inferences from others (generally speaking, it is enough to listen carefully to the teacher's comments on 10 sets of handouts or test papers). Therefore, it is very important to understand and remember the concepts in mathematics, science, culture and life.
Mathematics: the concepts of three elements of number axis, fraction, equation, image of function, translation, permutation and combination. , almost runs through a person's life from contact with these concepts. Mathematics is also related to physics and other disciplines, such as equations and equations, which are based on the balance principle of physics; When learning fractions and engineering problems, if the concept of "reference object" is cited, the understanding of the unit "1" can be deepened; Wait a minute.
Physics: Force analysis almost runs through physics study. Physics and mathematics are closely related, for example, the three elements of force are very similar to the number axis; Verifying physical experiments and solving many problems such as lever, light and electricity require mathematical knowledge.
Chemistry: it is a liberal arts in science. Almost all chemical reactions are related to the arrangement of extranuclear electrons, so we must master the knowledge related to the arrangement of extranuclear electrons. Solubility tables of some acids, bases and salts are very common and important in chemical learning and daily life, so the periodic table of elements and solubility tables of some acids, bases and salts should be memorized and memorized. Experiments are also important. If possible, it is best to do experiments by hand and remember the experimental phenomena. Chemistry has many connections with mathematics, physics and other disciplines. For example, the calculation in chemistry is inseparable from mathematical knowledge; The burning of candles includes chemical and physical reactions; Colloidal aggregation is a physical change and so on.
Biology: Anatomy can have an intuitive understanding of biology and deepen the understanding of textbook knowledge. Whenever possible, pay attention to observation: grass sprouts, seedlings grow, ants climb trees, hens lay eggs, cats and dogs give birth, pigs and sheep are slaughtered, and so on. It's not like you want to eat and buy a chicken to kill yourself. Biology is closely related to mathematics, physics and chemistry. For example, photosynthesis and transpiration of plants need to be explained by relevant knowledge.
To learn math, science, chemistry, health and other subjects well, you don't have to do many problems. I am most afraid that I am right and I don't know where I am right. I'd rather do something wrong and know where it is. On the basis of understanding the concept, do some targeted exercises properly, and the academic performance of mathematics, science and health will be sharp.
Unique geography
Geography is a science in liberal arts.
The atlas covers almost all the knowledge points in the textbook.
There are too many possibilities for modern society to "stay at home and travel around the world".
Learn geography well not by reading books, but by reading atlases;
"Look at the atlas, you need to know the orientation," north facing south, left west and right east ",and you need to know the longitude and latitude lines to determine the geographical location.
Starting from the familiar surrounding towns or cities, it will gradually expand to the maps of provinces, autonomous regions, China and the world. Then study thematic maps, such as climate, water system, geology, resources and so on.
When reading atlas, we should pay attention to legends, such as regional boundaries, contour lines, rivers, traffic lines, symbols of various urban resources, etc. Read the books corresponding to the atlas and find out the geographical locations of countries, mountains, rivers, trunk roads, important cities, mineral resources and so on in the atlas. "
After memorizing the atlas and mastering enough geographical knowledge, putting yourself in the atlas will make you more deeply understand what "traveling around the world without leaving home" means.
This is not only intuitive, but also vivid, which can deepen understanding and memory.
Of course, the academic performance in geography is not bad.
History of novel "culture"
"Transformation" here refers to transformation, digestion, etc. We regard history as a "novel" or digest it by reading "novels".
There is no separation between history and place: history involves too many names and places, and the place where historical events occur needs to correspond to the geographical location.
On the basis of learning geography well, history is reading novels.
Take history as a mirror, take history as a mirror and return to reality.
Usually watch more news, pay more attention to people and things around you, especially national affairs, add your own opinions, combine these things with textbooks, and try to explain them with the knowledge points in textbooks.
Only by doing this exercise often can we effectively improve our history study results.
Recitation is politics.
The characteristic of politics is that if you don't recite it, you can't recite it. Politics and history are not separated. There are always deeper political reasons behind too many historical events. Political theory is too closely integrated with practice to be read as a novel. Therefore, learning politics can't just rely on endorsement, except for endorsement, which is similar to the learning method of history.
There is a lot of homework and "study"
Once the amount of homework is too large, it will waste time on some easy homework (although the easy homework is done quickly, it will take a lot of time to complete because of the large amount), which will affect the mood and energy of homework.
How to treat it correctly? Focus on "watching homework":
"At first glance will do in the past.
At first glance, I won't do it in the past, and I won't do it for the time being.
It seems that you can do it, but you are not sure that you have done it right.
If you have extra time, you can consider doing it again and see what you won't do in the past. "
Many people will ask, "How can you not do the homework assigned by the teacher? If you have this idea, it is to encourage students not to do or do their homework seriously, which will delay their study. "
Please remember that the premise is "once the workload is too large" and it has affected the mood and energy of homework, you can consider using this "homework method".
This method of assigning homework only stands from the students' point of view, which does not mean that teachers should not assign a lot of homework, because each student's own situation is different, and teachers can't take care of every student, so they can only use the tactics of asking questions to help students "help the weak and strengthen" through homework.
If we can use this method well, we can save a lot of time to help the weak and get twice the result with half the effort.