1. Zhuge Liang
Zhuge Liang (181-October 8, 234), named Kongming and Wolong, was born in Yangdu, Langya, Xuzhou (now Yinan County, Linyi City, Shandong) , the Prime Minister of Shu during the Three Kingdoms period, an outstanding politician, strategist, diplomat, writer, calligrapher, and inventor.
In his early years, he followed his uncle Zhuge Xuan to Jingzhou. After Zhuge Xuan's death, Zhuge Liang lived in seclusion in Longzhong. Later, Liu Bei visited the thatched cottage three times to invite Zhuge Liang, and joined forces with Sun Yat-sen to fight against Cao Cao, and defeated Cao's army in the Battle of Chibi. It formed a tripartite power among the Three Kingdoms and captured Jingzhou. In the 16th year of Jian'an (211), Yizhou was captured. Then he defeated Cao Jun and captured Hanzhong.
In the first year of Shu Zhangwu (221), Liu Bei established the Shu Han regime in Chengdu, and Zhuge Liang was appointed prime minister to preside over the government. Liu Chan, the empress of Shu, succeeded to the throne, and Zhuge Liang was granted the title of Marquis of Wuxiang and led the shepherd of Yizhou. Be diligent and prudent, handle all political affairs personally, and strictly enforce rewards and punishments; alliance with Soochow to improve relations with all ethnic groups in the southwest; implement the policy of farming and strengthen war preparations. Six Northern Expeditions to the Central Plains were carried out, but most of them used food to achieve no success.
He eventually became ill due to overwork and died of illness in Wuzhangyuan (now Qishan, Baoji, Shaanxi) in the twelfth year of Jianxing Shu (234) at the age of 54. Liu Chan posthumously named him the Marquis of Zhongwu, and later generations often addressed him as Marquis of Wu. The Eastern Jin regime named him King Wuxing because of his military prowess.
2. Sima Yi
Sima Yi (179-September 7, 251), courtesy name Zhongda, was born in Xiaojingli, Wen County, Hanoi County (now Wen County, Jiaozuo City, Henan Province) . During the Three Kingdoms period, he was a statesman, military strategist, powerful minister of the Wei State, and the founder of the Western Jin Dynasty.
Sima Yi was smart and sagacious since he was a child, erudite and devoted to Confucianism. Because Cao Cao was born "an eunuch with an ugly legacy", Sima Yi once refused the official position granted by Cao Cao. However, in the 13th year of Jian'an (208), after Cao Cao became prime minister, he forcibly appointed Sima Yi as a literary official. Because Sima Yi once supported Cao Cao in proclaiming himself emperor, he gradually won Cao Cao's trust.
Cao Cao granted the title of Queen of Wei and made Sima Yi the crown prince's bastard son to assist Cao Pi and help Cao Pi win the battle for the throne. When Cao Pi was dying, he ordered Sima Yi, Cao Zhen and others to serve as auxiliary ministers to assist Wei Ming Emperor Cao Rui. During the reign of Emperor Ming, Sima Yi was repeatedly promoted to important positions such as general, general, and lieutenant in the Fu army. When Emperor Ming died, he entrusted the young emperor Cao Fang to Sima Yi and Cao Shuang.
After Cao Fang succeeded to the throne, Sima Yi was ostracized by Cao Shuang and promoted to a Tai Tu with no real power. In the tenth year of Zhengshi (249), Sima Yi took advantage of Cao Shuang and Cao Fang to leave Luoyang to Gaopingling to worship the mausoleum, staged a coup and took control of Luoyang, the capital.
Since then, the military power of Cao Wei fell into the hands of the Sima family, which was known in history as the Gaoping Ling Incident. Sima Yi was good at strategizing and was successful in many expeditions. He once led his army to capture and kill Meng Da, twice led his army to successfully resist Zhuge Liang's Northern Expedition, and led an expedition to pacify Liaodong. It has made important contributions to the development of agricultural economy such as farming and water conservancy.
3. Zhou Yu
Zhou Yu (175-210), courtesy name Gongjin, was born in Lujiang (now southwest of Lujiang County, Anhui). A famous general in the late Eastern Han Dynasty, he was the son of Zhou Yi, the commander of Luoyang, his grandfather Zhou Jing and his uncle Zhou Zhong, both of whom rose to the rank of Taiwei. He is long and strong, has good looks and fine music, and there is a saying in Jiangdong that "if the music is wrong, Zhou Lang will take care of it".
Zhou Yu had a good relationship with Sun Ce. At the age of 21, he followed Sun Ce to the battlefield to pacify Jiangdong. Later, Sun Ce was assassinated and Sun Quan succeeded him. Everything. In the thirteenth year of Jian'an (208 years), Zhou Yu led his army to join forces with Liu Bei and defeated Cao Cao in the Battle of Chibi, thus laying the foundation for the "three-part world".
He also led his army to defeat Cao Ren and worshiped the partial general as the governor of Nanjun. He died of illness in Baqiu in the 15th year of Jian'an (210 years) at the age of 36.
4. Pang Tong
Pang Tong (179-214), named Shiyuan and Fengchu, was born in Xiangyang, Jingzhou (now Xiangyang, Hubei Province) during the Han Dynasty. At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, he was an important counselor in Liu Bei's account and was worshiped as the military advisor Zhonglang General together with Zhuge Liang. He went to Sichuan with Liu Bei, and when Liu Bei and Liu Zhang broke up, he proposed three strategies, upper, middle and lower, and Liu Bei took them into account.
When he was besieging Luoxian County, Pang Tong led his troops to attack the city. Unfortunately, he was killed by a stray arrow. He was only thirty-six years old. He was posthumously awarded the title of Marquis of Guannei, with the posthumous title of Jinghou. Later, the place where Pang Tong was buried was named Luofengpo.
5. Guo Jia
Guo Jia (170-207), named Fengxiao, was born in Yangzhai, Yingchuan (now Yuzhou, Henan). A famous counselor under Cao Cao in the late Eastern Han Dynasty.
Guo Jia was originally a subordinate of Yuan Shao, but later switched to Cao Cao, and made great contributions to Cao Cao's unification of northern China. He was promoted to military advisor, offered wine, and was granted the title of Marquis of Weiyang Ting. He died of illness when Cao Cao was conquering Wuwan at the age of thirty-eight. His posthumous title is Zhenhou.
Historical books call him "a man of extraordinary talent and strategy." Cao Cao praised him for his knowledge and being his "Qi Zuo".
Baidu Encyclopedia - Zhuge Liang
Baidu Encyclopedia - Sima Yi
Baidu Encyclopedia - Zhou Yu
Baidu Encyclopedia - Pang Tong
Baidu Encyclopedia-Guo Jia