Wang Xizhi is the nephew of Stuart Wang Dao. Grandfather Wang Zheng, official to business; My father, Wang Kuang, was the prefect of Huainan (now in Dangtu and Wuhu). Wang Zi was not good at talking when he was a child, and people couldn't see anything superhuman about him. When he grew up, he was very good at arguing and was famous for his declared temperament. He is good at calligraphy, the highest in ancient and modern times.
People praised his calligraphy style as "floating like a cloud, agile like a dragon". His uncles Wang Dun and Wang Dao attach great importance to him. Chen Liu (now near Kaifeng, Henan Province) was a police officer at that time and valued Wang very much. He regarded him, Wang Yue and Wang Cheng as the three great talents of the Wang family. On one occasion, Qiu Jian sent his protege to see Wang Dao, hoping to choose a son-in-law among the children of the Wangs.
Wang Dao sent someone to the East Wing to investigate the Wangs' children. His protege came back and said to Du Jian, "The children in the Wang family are all good, but when they hear that there are famous neighbors, they all look uncomfortable." There is only one person sitting on the bed in the east, eating with an empty stomach, as if nothing had happened. " Du Jian said, "This is the right husband for me. "Ask, turned out to be Ganzhi Wang. County Jian married his daughter to him.
Xizhi likes taking medicine to nourish her temperament, but she doesn't like being in Beijing. When he first arrived in Zhejiang, he had the ambition to die here. Huiji has beautiful scenery, beautiful scenery and celebrities. Xie An lived here before he became an official. Sun Chuo, Li Chong, Xu Xun, Zhixun and others are all famous for their articles. They all have houses here, congenial to the dynasty.
Wang Rangzhi once announced that he would get together with his good friend Huidao Yin Shan in Lanting, and personally made a preface. Announce his ambition. Wang Xizhi was born a sex goose. In Huiji, there was a lonely old lady who kept a goose. That sounds great. He wanted to buy it but couldn't, so he took his relatives and friends to see it. But when the old lady heard that he was coming, she cooked the goose and prepared to entertain him. He was sad all day.
At that time, there was a Taoist priest in Yinshan who kept a flock of geese. Wang Zhanzhi was very happy when he went to see it, and repeatedly begged the Taoist priest to buy his goose. The Taoist priest said to him, "You help me copy the Tao Te Ching, and I'll give you all these geese." Wang Xizhi happily finished writing and returned home with a cage full of geese. He was overjoyed all the way. His personality is so frank.
On another occasion, when he went to a student's house, he saw that the wooden low table in his school (tenant bandit) was clean and smooth, with Lai Ning written on it, half in regular script and half in cursive script. Later, the student's father accidentally scratched off these words: His students regretted it for several days. His calligraphy notes were valued by the world at that time, and there were many such things.
Wang often claims to be; "My calligraphy is comparable to Zhong You; Compared with Zhang Zhi's cursive script, it is also like a wild goose. " He once wrote: "In the Eastern Han Dynasty, Zhang Zhi learned to write in Linchi, and the pool turned black. If everyone in the world is as addicted to calligraphy as he is, it is not necessarily worse than him. " ?
Wang Shu, a general on horseback, is not well-known and enjoys the same fame as Ganzhi Wang, but Wang Bizhi looks down on him, so they are at odds. Wang made an internal review. He resigned to mourn because of his mother's death. Wang came to take his place in shame. He only visited Wang Shu's house once and never came again.
Every time Wang Shu heard the bugle call outside, he always thought it was Wang Huo who came to visit him. He was enthusiastic and busy, so after a year, Wang Xian ignored him, and Wang Shu was deeply sorry. "
Original text:
Wang Xizhi's handwriting is rare, while Stuart's handwriting is very obedient. It is not surprising that people are young and speak slowly. And long, arguing and raising, famous bones. Especially the book is the best in ancient and modern times, and critics call it the pen gesture, which is considered as a floating cloud, smart and shocking, deeply valued by Taoism. When it has the same name, it has the same name as Wang Cheng and Wang Yue.
When Jane asked his disciples to seek guidance from his son-in-law, he ordered him to visit his children in the east wing. Disciple turned around and said, "Wang is good at counting, but he is salty and reserved when he hears his letter." The only person who eats in the east bed is hungry, but if he doesn't smell it. "The sword said," This is a good husband and evil! "Remember it, it also means Xi, so I regard it as a woman's wife.
The elegance of Xihe River is delicious and easy to raise, and it is not happy in the capital. When she crosses Zhejiang for the first time, she will have the ambition to complete it. Huiji has beautiful landscapes. Many celebrities live here, and Xie An also lives here when he is not an official. Sun Chuo, Li Chong and others. They are all good at writing and meaning, and they are all good at building houses with east soil and west. Taste and gay banquet was held in Lanting, which is located in the shade of Huiji Mountain. Xi's own order was to declare his ambition.
Good-natured geese can live alone, keep a goose and sing well, but they can't get the market, so they bring new friends to see it. I heard Xihe was coming, and I cooked for him. Xihe regretted it for a long time. There is also a Taoist priest in Yin Shan who keeps geese very well. He likes them very much and goes to the market. The Taoist priest said, "In order to write the Tao Te Ching, we will send a group of people to communicate with each other." ? Xihe happily finished writing and went home in a cage, very happy.
I tasted my protege's house and found it slippery. Because of the book, it was really half grass. Later, his father accidentally scraped it off, and the students were shocked and depressed. The book of Xi is very important to the world, and it is like this. Every boast: "My book is better than Zhong You, so we should resist it;" Compared with Zhang, he is still a wild goose. " I once wrote a book with someone: "Zhang Zhi is studying in the pool, and the water in the pool is all black, which makes people worry, but it may not be the last one."
Wang Shu, an ancient general of a title of generals in ancient times, is not famous, as famous as Xihe, but Xihe is very light because of its good relationship. First of all, it will be a meeting, mother will live in the county, and Xi's generation will stop, so it will be unimportant. Every time I hear the sound of the horn, I mean I should wait for myself and wait for it. Such people have been doing this for several years, but they ignore it and say they hate it. (Biography of the Book of Jin and Wang Xizhi)
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Calligraphy style:
Wang Xizhi's Preface to the Collection of Lanting is highly praised by calligraphers of all ages and is known as "the best running script in the world". Wang Jian is good at following the laws of reason, grass, model and behavior. He carefully studied his body, imitated his heart and chased his hand, learned from others, prepared his body and melted into a furnace. He got rid of the style of writing in Han and Wei dynasties and became a family of his own, with far-reaching influence.
His calligraphy is peaceful and natural, and his brushwork is euphemistic and subtle, graceful and graceful. The world often uses Cao Zhi's Ode to the Goddess of Luo: "If you are amazed, if you are graceful, if you are in Youlong, you will be glorious and autumn, and Hua Mao will be spring pine. It seems that if the moon is covered by light clouds, it will float like the wind flowing back to snow. " Praise the beauty of Wang Xizhi's calligraphy.
Legend has it that Wang Xizhi practiced calligraphy hard when he was a child. After a long time, the pool water used to clean the brush turned black. Later generations commented: "Floating like a cloud, agile like a dragon", "Yue Long goes to heaven, the tiger lies in the phoenix pavilion" and "nature is natural, and abundant gods cover all generations". There are some idioms about Wang Xizhi, such as cleverness and quick marriage. The most obvious feature of Wang Xizhi's style of writing is exquisite brushwork and changeable structure.
Wang Xizhi's calligraphy has influenced bookstores from generation to generation. Ou Yangxun, Yu Shinan, Zhu Suiliang, Xue Qi, Yan Zhenqing and Liu Gongquan in the Tang Dynasty, Yang Ningshi in the Five Dynasties, Su Shi, Huang Tingjian, Mi Fei and Cai Xiang in the Song Dynasty, Zhao Mengfu in the Yuan Dynasty and Dong Qichang in the Ming Dynasty were all impressed by Wang Xizhi, so they enjoyed the reputation of "book saints". ?
Wang Xizhi's original works existed before the world, and the fine copy of Tang people has always been regarded as original works. Because of its long history and long-standing reputation, Rainbow Xi's other inks have different inferences about its engraving age. Some are called Song Copy, some are suspected to be Mi Fei Copy, and more are classified as Tang Copy.
It has been recorded a lot and carved into various essays again and again. The public and private collections and circulation after the Yuan Dynasty are vivid and reliable, and their preciousness is self-evident.
The Book of Jin is a biographical history book that records the history of Jin Dynasty. This book was written by Fang and others in the Tang Dynasty. Because Emperor Taizong wrote four essays: Xuandi Ji, Wudi Ji, Lu Ji Zhuan and Wang Xizhi Zhuan, the old books were named "Written by Emperor Taizong".
The Book of Jin was actually compiled by 2 1 people, including Fang, Zhu Suiliang and Xu. The author of Astronomical Calendar and Five Elements is Li. Draw up a style of compiling history for broadcasting.
The other sixteen are Linghu Defen, Lai Ji, Lu Yuanshi, Lu, Li Yifu, Xue, Shangguan Yi, Cui Xinggong, Xin, Yang Renqing, li yanshou, Zhang Wengong, Li Anqi and Li Huaiyan.
The book * * * 130 volumes, including Records of the Emperors 10 volumes, Chronicles 20 volumes, Biography 70 volumes and Records 30 volumes, covering the period from the first year of Taishi in Liang Wudi of the Western Jin Dynasty (AD 265) to the second year of Emperor Gongdi Yuanxi of the Eastern Jin Dynasty (AD 420).
The Book of Jin was written in the early Tang Dynasty, 200 years after the demise of the Eastern Jin Dynasty. During this period, there were many achievements in the research and writing of the history of Jin Dynasty, among which the theory of Eighteen Books of Jin Dynasty was relatively complete. Emperor Taizong was not satisfied with these works, so he wrote a letter to rebuild them. The Book of Jin in the Tang Dynasty was originally called the New Book of Jin, and later Eighteen Books of Jin gradually disappeared, so it was directly called the Book of Jin by later generations.
The basic historical sources of Jin Shu in the Tang Dynasty are mainly Eighteen Jin Shu, among which Jin Shu by Zanghe is the main one, and some materials are also included in Shi Shuo Xin Yu by Liu Yiqing, Search Ji Shen by Gan Bao and Song Shu by Shen Yue. It is precisely because of this reason that there are many dirty things in the selection of materials for the revised Book of Jin in the Tang Dynasty.
In addition, it took less than three years to compile the book from the twentieth year of Zhenguan (AD 646) to the twenty-second year of Zhenguan of Emperor Taizong (AD 648). Although it was completed with a lot of manpower and material resources of the government, there are inevitably many rough places, which have been criticized by people since the middle of the Tang Dynasty.
Nevertheless, the Book of Jin compiled by the Tang people still has many important values. This book occupies an important position in the eight "official histories" compiled in the Tang Dynasty and is a classic example of official history books. Secondly, The Book of Jin inherits and develops China's biographical tradition. The book has a rigorous style, which is rare in biographical history books since Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties.
In particular, new biographies such as loyalty and filial piety, the use of records and the handling of a large number of joint biographies have promoted the development of biographical style.
In addition, there is its book eighty-two, * * * containing biographies of twelve Jin historians. Although there is no name of generic biography, it is also a fact of generic biography, which reflects the initial cognition of historians in the early Tang Dynasty. "It can be said that it is an outline of the history of historiography in the Jin Dynasty and one of the earliest forms of Chinese historiography" (in Bai Shouyi).
Thirdly, in the editing process, the principle of "seeking truth from facts and removing China" has been basically implemented. Although influenced by the style of writing at that time, there are still many beautiful sentences in the book, but the principle is that history books should be regarded as "tortoise mirrors", so the book contains a large number of precious historical documents reflecting social ideology and culture, such as the theory of migration and tolerance in the biography of Jiang Tuo, the theory of nine meanings in the biography of Liu Yichuan and the legend of Lu Bao.
These documents not only provide practical and intuitive materials for people to understand the society at that time, but also become profound for later generations. The Book of Jin was studied shortly after its publication. In the Tang Dynasty, He Chao wrote three books of the Book of Jin, and various versions of the Book of Jin were equipped with this book.
Popular editions of The Book of Jin include Wu's Oblique Notes on The Book of Jin published by Jiayetang in Liu Chenggan in the late Qing Dynasty and The Book of Jin published by Zhonghua Book Company 1974.