1. Step by step
The so-called order is to stipulate the learning process or progress according to the objective order of teaching materials and students' subjective ability. The so-called step by step means not seeking speed. According to Zhu, reading is "based on two books, and then one after another". In a book, articles, chapters, articles and sentences, the beginning and the end are all orderly and not chaotic. Abide by what you can, seek its training with words and its purpose with sentences. Don't get ahead, dare not ask for it; If you don't understand this, you can't aspire to it. If so, the ambition will be clear, and there will be no trouble of stepping on Yiling. If you have been stumbling through the daily limit, you won't watch it. Nearby, I feel this pain is not a trivial matter. Yuan Lai's ignorance of Taoism is not because he didn't work hard above, but because there is no root below.
. "
Step 2 read and think carefully
The so-called familiar reading is to recite the book. The so-called fine thinking is to repeatedly look for meaning. According to Zhu, "I know that there are three kinds of reading: heart, eyes and mouth." "Xunzi said, recite the same number. Look at the ancient people's endorsement, but also remember the number of times. Knowing that Hengqu teaches people to read and must recite is the first meaning of Taoism.
. Count your feet over and over again, but if you don't become a chanter, you must want to be a chanter. Not enough times. Although I have recited it, it will be full. But when it is one hundred times, it is naturally stronger than fifty times; When it is 200 times, it is naturally better than 100 times. Today, I can't remember clearly, I can't say it, and I live or die in my heart because I am unfamiliar. Today's people are not as good as the ancients, only fighting for these children. Scholars are good at reading texts, taking notes, reciting, and explaining the meanings, things and famous things in the notes, and recognizing them one by one when they are invented. If they do it themselves, they can think it over and over again and have a transparent place. If not, it's just empty talk, not for your own study. "
Swimming with an open mind
The so-called humble travel is an objective attitude, returning ancient books to their true colors, not holding old ideas, accepting concise and fair explanations, and not being good at extravagance and innovation. According to Zhu, Zhuangzi said that I didn't pay lip service to it. It's empty, but it's tortuous with him. You must be open-minded when reading. The sage said that every word is a word. My family can't measure him with an open mind. Scholars don't have to stand on their own feet, just remember what previous scholars said. "When studying now, most people have an idea in their minds, but they try to correspond the sage's words with his meaning. If there are differences, they will understand.
I have observed it.
The so-called self-observation, when reading, combines the truth in the book with his own experience or life, and uses the truth in the book to guide his practice. According to Zhu,
"When you enter the Tao, you will enter that truth and gradually date yourself and become one. Nowadays, it doesn't matter that people, Tao and home are here. Scholars need to reflect the words of sages when reading. If you reply to the gift, if you go out to meet the distinguished guests, you must reply to your own body. I can really reply to the gift. Will the Lord forgive you? It is only useful to have such chess pieces. "
Press hard
The so-called tightness means to study in a firm and brave spirit and to study in a persistent spirit. According to Zhu, "the deadline is wide and the course is tight." Learning should be vigorous and resolute, and it is useless to be lazy. And when you forget to eat when you are angry, you forget your troubles. What spirit and backbone! Scholars today have never been angry. "Cheer up, like fighting a fire and treating a disease, and like propping up a water boat, you can't wait."
Respect and firmness
The so-called respect for the family is a reassuring, serious and single-minded attitude. The so-called ambition is to set a specific goal, or collect and sort out relevant information in a book according to a special problem. According to Zhu's point of view, "Mr. Cheng said that self-cultivation needs respect, and learning is learning, which is the most essential. When you have nothing to do, you should respect yourself. You should not put your heart on a land with nothing, but should gather here. Respect when dealing with things, and respect when reading: nature should keep moving and the heart is everywhere. Nowadays, scholars tell stories coyly, but they are not familiar with each other. This disease is not a book disease, but a heart disease. Gaixin is not specialized in quietness, so he is not careful. " It is necessary to cultivate a pure and peaceful mind so that truth can flow out from it. "