Brief introduction of Xiao Hong's life
1 911June1day, she was born in a landlord family in Hulan County, Heilongjiang Province, and was named Zhang Naiying.
1920, biological mother died. The stepmother is indifferent to her, and her father is conservative and autocratic. Only the elderly grandfather can give this loveless child a little comfort.
65438-0927 was admitted to Harbin No.1 Girls' Middle School, interested in painting and literature.
1930, her father ordered her to drop out of school and prepare to marry her fiance Wang Enjia. /kloc-when she was 0/9 years old, she didn't want her father to give her wealth as a gift, and she was beaten because she advised her uncle not to increase the tenant's rent, so she fled the family. Her father announced that she had been expelled from her ancestral home. Later, when I met her wandering in the street, she also treated her coldly and never returned to her home in Hulan County.
193 1, a homeless, unemployed and homeless girl, met Wang Enjia in a crisis. First she was cheated, then she was abandoned, and she was trapped in the hotel alone.
1932 when she was about to be sold by the hotel owner to pay for the meal she owed, she got help from Jun Xiao and got out of trouble. In autumn, she married Xiaojun and started a life of * * * *: they couldn't afford to rent 50 cents of bedding a day, and 50 cents was a "music circle"; One shoelace is broken into four pieces, the other divides the shoelace into two pieces, and two people tie it; In the cold of MINUS 30 degrees Celsius, two people wear summer shoes and make a living in the snow with an empty stomach. ...
During the period of 1934, the Japanese puppet troops stepped up their efforts to promote fascist cultural absolutism in Manchukuo. She and Jun Xiao were in danger of being arrested at any time for editing progressive publications, so they left Harbin for Qingdao in June. On June+10, 5438, they went to Shanghai because of the dangerous situation in Qingdao. They contacted Lu Xun and accepted his influence.
1936, Jun went to Japan alone because of his emotional deviation and poor health.
1937 She returned to Shanghai. After War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression broke out and Shanghai became an "isolated island", at the invitation of Li Gongpu, he went to teach at Shanxi University for Nationalities at the beginning of the following year, and then broke up with Xiao Jun.
1940, she and Duanmu Hongliang went to Hongkong to criticize the running time.
194 1 65438+February, the Pacific War broke out and the Japanese army captured Hong Kong. She suffered from severe lung disease and was hospitalized with the help of her friends. In the rumble of guns, Duanmu Hongliang abandoned her and fled.
1942 65438+1October 13, she was misdiagnosed as a laryngeal tumor by doctors, and her condition deteriorated. 18, the patient was diagnosed as malignant tracheal dilatation, and the laryngeal breathing tube was replaced for the second time. 2 1, the hospital was occupied by the Japanese army and changed into a Japanese field hospital, and all the patients were expelled. On the 22nd, suffering from war and disease, she passed away at the age of 32.
When she was seriously ill, she couldn't speak. She just wrote on the paper with a pen: "I will live forever with the blue sky and clear water, and leave half of the' Red House' to others." "I was treated coldly for half my life ... I died first, unwilling, unwilling." In a few words, I wrote down all the pains and struggles, wanderings and helplessness, struggles and achievements in my life.
As a woman, she suffered almost all the humiliation of that turbulent era-her father's ruthlessness, her fiance's initial rebellion, her husband's treachery and her lover's cold feet; All the sufferings-just to survive, the suffering of the war to safeguard national dignity, the oppression of women by the patriarchal society, and the torture of various physical illnesses ... She was wandering between Harbin, Shanghai, Japan, Beijing, Chongqing and Hong Kong, fighting hunger, cold, disease and war with her weak body alone. Otherwise, what can she do? Her home has been closed to her for a long time, her country is being eroded, and her love is either trampled or not answered. Her life is full of bitterness, misunderstanding and ridicule, but it lacks joy, calmness and warmth. Three turns around the tree, no branches to follow, a bird hovering in the thorn forest in the early 20 th century!
As a writer, she did not collapse, but stood tenaciously, surpassing that era with her flexible and lasting artistic vitality.
In the cold and hunger years of 1933, she published her first novel "Abandoned Children" under the pseudonym of elegy. In less than ten years from now to 194 1, she has written nearly a million words. Among them, the field of life and death is a peak of early creation. For the first time, this novella was written under the pseudonym "Xiao Hong", which was reviewed, edited and prefaced by Lu Xun and included in the "Slave Series". Lu Xun had high hopes for her and thought that she was "the most promising female writer in China today". In his preface, he said: "The people in the north are strong in life, but they often fight for death." The Field of Life and Death caused a sensation in the literary and art circles, and was hailed as a rare harvest of China literature, which became a classic text of the national spirit of an era.
Xiao Hong fought her way of blood and tears from thorns, but she didn't regard her creation as a catharsis of her personal feelings. She did not confine her material to women's life, but focused on groups-women's groups, ethnic groups and human groups. Her artistic vision is broad, her writing thoughts are in a rational and conscious state, and her language is bright, harmonious and calm, without bitterness, gloom and anger. About the country. This is more prominent and skillful in her later masterpiece "Biography of Hulan River".
The Biography of Hulan River takes the closed Hulan City as the background, showing the local customs, folk customs, living conditions and ideological character of the residents here. Here, there is a bright sky, a beautiful back garden, a kind and lovely grandfather and a free childhood. "Everything in the sun is healthy and beautiful. Even the tree will ring when it is patted, and the earth wall standing opposite the tree will answer when it calls "; There are desolation, poverty, indifference, ignorance and barbarism. People conform to nature, cling to the land, believe in ghosts and gods, and are not allowed to have any personality, difference or change. It is the common responsibility of all residents to stifle all disobedience and vitality. There is no malice at all, even out of goodwill. Little reunion's twelve-year-old daughter-in-law was branded with a red-hot soldering iron just because she was "too generous" and "unlike little reunion's daughter-in-law". She was hung from the beam and whipped. After her mental breakdown, she was treated as a ghost, stripped naked in public, scalded in hot water tank three times, and poured cold water three times-and this family is famous for its kindness in the local area. "She is cautious, respectful and amiable to her father."
This novel was published in 1940, but its profound, unique and incisive ideological connotation transcended time and region, and made generations of readers realize its value of caring for the soul. 1999 was rated as the ninth among the top 100 novels in China in the 20th century by Asia Weekly.
Seeing Xiao Hong and reading Xiao Hong's works remind people of a sentence on the title page of Thorn Birds:
Legend has it that there was a bird ... from the moment it left its nest, it was looking for a thorn tree and wouldn't stop until it reached its goal. Then, it plunged its body into the longest and sharpest thorns and let go of the sound among the wild notes. At the dying moment, it transcended its own pain, and its singing actually eclipsed larks and nightingales. This is a beautiful song that ends with death. However, the whole world is listening quietly, and God is smiling in the sky. Because the best things can only be bought with deep pain and great trauma. ...