Don Zhang Xu
The state of mountain light makes spring glow,
Don't go back for lightness.
Even if there is no rain mysteriously,
Into the depths of the clouds with clothes on.
A brief introduction to the author's life
Zhang Xu was a calligrapher in the Tang Dynasty. Born in the third year of the Tang Dynasty (675). Xuanzong died in Tianbao in the ninth year (750). At the beginning, it was the commander-in-chief of Changshu, and later it was the Emperor Wu of Jin Dynasty, named "Zhang Changshi". His mother Lu is the niece of the calligrapher in the early Tang Dynasty, that is, the granddaughter of Yu Shinan. Lu's books have been handed down from generation to generation, which is famous in history. Zhang Xu is free and easy, generous, outstanding, brilliant and knowledgeable. Du Fu befriended Li Bai and He Hao, and was listed as the "Eight Immortals of Drinking". He is a master of cursive script with great personality. Because he is often drunk, clamoring for madness, then writing books, and even writing with his hair dipped in ink, he has the nickname "Zhang Dian". After Huai Su inherited and developed his brushwork, he also got his name from cursive script and called it "drunk". Zhang Xu is unrestrained, likes to drink, often dances after getting drunk, and then returns to the table with a pen and ink. Some people said he was rude, so they gave him a crazy nickname. In fact, he is very careful. He believes that everything he touches in his daily life can inspire his writing. To get something occasionally is to melt it into your own calligraphy. At that time, as long as people got a piece of his paper, they all regarded it as a treasure, and it was hereditary and true. At that time, Zhang Xu had a neighbor and his family was very poor. I heard that Zhang Xu was very generous, so I wrote to Zhang Xu, hoping to get his support. Zhang Xu sympathized with his neighbor, so he said in his letter: You only need to say that this letter was written by Zhang Xu, and the asking price can be several hundred gold. Neighbors sold letters in the street according to his words and sold them out in less than half a day. The neighbors are happy to go home, and thank Zhang Xu very much.
The author's achievements
Zhang Xu's calligraphy began with Zhangzhi and Erwang, with cursive script as the highest achievement. History is called "the sage of grass". He himself is proud of inheriting the tradition of "two kings" and writes very well. On the other hand, he imitated Zhang Zhi's cursive art and created an unpredictable wild grass, which shocked the world. According to legend, he saw the princess arguing with her husband, and he heard the advocacy and got the meaning of brushwork; When I was in Yexian County, Henan Province, I loved watching Gong Sundaniang dance the sword of Xihe River, so I got the grass god. Yan Zhenqing resigned twice and asked him for his brushwork. Zhang Xu is a pure artist. He pours his emotions into stippling, and no one looks at it, and he is as intoxicated as a madman. Tang Hanyu praised in "Preface to Send a Noble Sage to a Master": "Emotion, embarrassment, sadness, happiness, resentment, longing, drunkenness, boredom and injustice, if moving in the heart, must be expressed in cursive script. Looking at things, we can see mountains and rivers, cliffs and canyons, birds, animals, insects, fish and flowers, the sun, the moon and stars, storms and fires, lightning and thunder, singing and dancing battles, and changes in heaven and earth. Congratulations, one is in one book, so the book of Xu is still as unpredictable as ghosts and gods, and it will eventually be praised by later generations. " This is a true portrayal of a real artist's obsession with art. No wonder later generations talked about calligraphy in the Tang Dynasty and praised Europe, Yu, Chu, Yan, Liu and Su, but they all admired Zhang Xu, which is unique in the history of art. He was honored as a "sage of grass" by later generations.
Author's works
Cursive "Four Ancient Poetry"
Edit the translation of this paragraph.
Spring sunshine bathes the mountain scenery,
Don't plan to go home just because the weather is a little cloudy.
Even if it's sunny and it can't rain,
Clouds in the deep mountains will also wet clothes.
Appreciate editing this paragraph
The title of this poem is "Stay in the mountains", and its focus is of course to stay in the mountains. But because this is not staying at home, but "staying in the mountains", the purpose of staying is undoubtedly to appreciate the scenery in the mountains, so I have to write about the beautiful scenery of Spring Mountain, but writing too much will dilute the theme of "staying in the mountains". How did the poet solve this problem? He only used a poem to describe the mountain scenery positively: "the state of mountain light makes spring glow." Because there is only one sentence, the poet did not describe a spring, a stone, a flower and a tree, but started from the whole and focused on the whole face of Chunshan, rendering an artistic conception full of vitality and charm from the updated weather of Vientiane. After winter passed, the spring breeze put on new clothes for the bleak mountain forest, and everything was bathed in warm sunshine, full of vitality, radiant and brilliant. The word "agriculture" gives everything a harmonious and active modality and interest. "The state of mountain light makes spring glow" is very general, but not abstract. You can imagine the state of mountain light. Are you thinking about green branches and leaves? Is it the fragrance of mountain flowers blooming in the wind? Is it a hundred birds singing in a hundred flowers and leaves? Is it a flowing stream? ..... are contained in this poem. This is an inspiring and inspiring poem. It is also quite ingenious for the poet to put it at the beginning of the poem.
Because only by writing this sentence very strongly, taking the lead and forming an overwhelming advantage, "staying" makes sense, and the problems that the guests are worried about are insignificant. Therefore, the first sentence deserves careful study in terms of performance and structure. Because the first sentence is rich and weighty, the second sentence "Don't plan to return for lightness", although it has already decided the guest's idea, it seems effortless to go downstream. Yes, facing this beautiful scenery, how can you plan to go back just because there is a cloud on the horizon?
It is not enough to convince the guests to "make a trip in vain", but also to let the guests really settle down and become more interested. How can we do this? It is said that it doesn't rain today, and there are unexpected events, not to mention seeing "time". I'm afraid this kind of guarantee may not be safe, and it may not solve the doubts in the guests' hearts. The poet pondered the guest's psychology. It's not that he doesn't want to enjoy the beautiful scenery of Spring Mountain, but that he is worried that the rain will get his clothes wet. In this case, the poet will retreat and make progress. Are you afraid of rain and wet clothes? What about fine weather? "Mysteriously, even if there is no rain, clothes will stick to the depths of the clouds." Although it is inevitable to get "stained with clothes", empty mountains and valleys, misty clouds, misty water and lush flowers are another poetic realm! However, this is not far away. It must climb mountains, explore valleys and enjoy it there. Moreover, the word "deep into the clouds" will arouse people's endless imagination and pursuit, because the deeper the word "deep into the clouds", the more they will see, but this "where there is a will, there is a way". It can be seen that the three or four sentences in the poem are not only to passively dispel the doubts of the guests, but also to subtly induce and ignite the fire in the hearts of the guests, and to appreciate the beautiful scenery of Spring Mountain in a euphemistic way and with that fascinating artistic conception.
It is a common phenomenon in life that guests leave and hosts stay. However, it is not easy to solve this contradiction perfectly, vividly and interestingly in four short poems. The poet did not shy away from the questions raised by the guests, nor did he use ordinary pleasantries to retain them. Instead, it guides the guests to broaden their horizons step by step, gallop their imagination, and change their minds with the beautiful scenery in the mountains and the poet's own feelings, so as to let the guests stay. Although things are ordinary, poems are short, but picturesque, affectionate and reasonable, the three are in perfect harmony. Among them, the combination of reality and reality, ups and downs, euphemistic and implicit, shows the artistic charm of quatrains, with profound implications, long and intriguing language and great ideological content. (Zhao's evaluation)
The second understanding
The literal meaning of this poem is the above, but it can be understood in another way. The world is so beautiful that everything in the world is showing a beautiful gesture. But don't feel depressed and lose confidence because of a little setback. You see, even if everything goes as usual, there will be invisible contradictions that will hurt you. Staying in the mountains is not staying in the mountains, but staying in life; Guests are not friends of the author, but friends who have suffered setbacks in life.
comment
This poem focuses on retaining tourists in the mountains and praising the beauty of spring. Language is simple and meaningful.
Zhang Xu, a poet in the prosperous Tang Dynasty, wrote a novel "Stay in the Mountains", which is fresh and enlightening. This is a philosophical observation of everyday things.
Shan guang Wu tai Nong chun hui
When guests come to the mountain, it is spring and quiet time. The natural scenery is beautiful, the vegetation is brilliant, the birds are singing and the flowers are fragrant, the clouds are curling, and the streams are gurgling. All this is a rough beauty of the mountain pass under the cover of spring. The word "agriculture" expresses the scenery in the mountains carefully and accurately. This is because the original intention of "Nong" is to show off, but it is extended here, which is the "Nong" in "dancing to understand the shadow". At the same time, the word "agriculture" also uses anthropomorphic techniques, which more vividly embodies the beauty of beautiful scenery in the mountains and the vitality of various scenery.
Don't plan to return just because it's overcast.
When the guests saw the clouds rising on the horizon, they were afraid of rain. "Go back" means go back. At this time, the scenery has not been seen, but the rain has come. How can the host keep the guests? He said, "Don't go back just because it rained." Then he said, "Even if there is no rain mysteriously, you will get clothes when you go deep into the clouds!" " Instant artistic conception opens!
First of all, there is a lot of rain in spring, the mountains are foggy and the air is humid, so tourists in the mountains become wet as soon as they come out of the clouds. Second, it is to retain guests. Are you afraid of rain? Rain will only wet your clothes. In this mountain, even sunny days won't keep your clothes dry, so why are you afraid of rain? Stay. Why not enjoy the beautiful scenery in the rain, but have a different flavor!
In fact, this poem only comes from the "rain" road, but it is full of philosophy. People can't just see one side of things (such as rain) and can't see the other side ("rain" on sunny days). Then, under such divergence, these two sentences give people a deeper philosophy, and their significance has already surpassed the scenery in the mountains!