Interactions with Sun Yat-sen
Cultural relic name: Sun Yat-sen’s order appointing Ye Gongchuo
Place of preservation: Guangzhou Generalissimo’s Mansion Museum
Cultural relic Background:
In 1923, Sun Yat-sen established the headquarters of the Grand Marshal of the Navy and Army in Guangzhou. He immediately ordered Ye Gongchuo, who was taking refuge in Japan, to return to China to assist in Guangdong. He was entrusted with the important post of Minister of Finance and soon also took charge of construction. Minister, concurrently in charge of tax supervision. This cultural relic is Sun Yat-sen's warrant for appointing Ye. Ye Gongchuo (1881-1968) was named Yufu, also known as Yufu, Yufu, Yuhu, and Yuhu. He was also known as Xia'an and Xiaweng. In his later years, he was assigned to Juyuan. Ye Gongchuo, whose ancestral home is Yuyao, was born on the third day of October in the seventh year of the reign of Emperor Guangxu of the Qing Dynasty in Mishi Hutong, Beijing. Ye Gongchuo is a very influential figure in the history of modern Chinese politics and a famous figure in the field of literature and art. The Ye family has lived in Yuyao for a long time. After his fifth generation ancestor traveled to Lingnan, he moved to Guangdong and became the so-called "Hakka". His family was surrounded by literature and art. Ye Gongchuo's great-grandfather Ye Yinghua, whose courtesy name was Lianshang, was good at poetry and poetry, and was good at flowers and characters. There are "Xingyue Xinghua Bookstore Poetry Copy" and "Hua Ying Chui Sheng Ci Lu", etc. Grandfather Ye Yanlan, whose courtesy name was Nanxue and whose name was Lantai, was a Jinshi scholar in the sixth year of Xianfeng and an official and military officer named Zhangjing. He was a famous scholar and bibliophile in modern times. In his later years, he lectured at Guangzhou Yuehua Academy. Mao Guangsheng, Pan Feisheng, etc. all learned from him. There are "Qiu Meng'an Ci", "Haiyun Pavilion Poems" and so on. His father, Ye Peixuan, whose courtesy name was Yunpo and whose name was Zhongluan, was a candidate for magistrate due to his hard work. He worked in Jiangxi Province and was proficient in poetry, calligraphy, and arithmetic. He paid special attention to carefully selecting teachers and friends for his son, hoping to continue the family. Voice.
Ye Gongchuo inherited his family’s academic background and had his own education. He learned from famous teachers when he was young. When foreign powers invaded and national calamities continued, the young Ye Gongchuo became concerned about current affairs, became "obsessed" with new learning, and aimed at "managing the world". He developed the habit of "not reading books for a day, and being good at interviewing and asking questions." In terms of Chinese and foreign history and geography, he is particularly diligent in studying. As for poems and articles, they are family traditions, not to mention.
Ye Gongchuo took the boy examination at the age of eighteen and wrote "Railway Fu", which was appreciated by Zhang Baixi and was admitted as a student of the government with the first place. Four years later, he entered the Imperial Academy and became an official. In the 30th year of Guangxu (1904), Ye Gongchuo participated in the last examination of the Qing Dynasty and passed the Jinshi examination together with Shen Junru and Tan Yankai. In the 33rd year of Guangxu's reign (1906), the Qing government established the Postal and Communications Department and assigned copywriters to the Copywriting Office. From then on, Ye Gongchuo had been connected with China's emerging transportation construction industry for decades. By the end of the Qing Dynasty, Ye Gongchuo had been promoted to the director of the Ministry of Railways. After the establishment of the Republic of China, the Ministry of Transportation was reestablished, and Ye Gongchuo was appointed as the Director of the Department of Highways, succeeding the Deputy Secretary of the Ministry of Transportation, the Chief of Transportation Department, and the Chief of Transportation. Thus becoming the main backbone of the "Transportation System" during the Beiyang Government era. During Ye Gongchuo's ups and downs in Beiyang politics, there were quite a few things worth mentioning.
As early as the early years of the Republic of China, Ye Gongchuo was planning to establish the National Railway Corporation. He deeply felt that the transportation industry urgently needed to cultivate talents, so he established various Rotary schools in the sixth year of the Republic of China. Two years later, Three Jiaotong University schools were established, and various staff schools were established in the 9th year of the Republic of China to recruit specialized talents. At the same time, outstanding students were successively selected to study abroad, which laid the foundation for transportation education in modern China.
As for the recovery of railway rights of way, Ye Gongchuo was indispensable. At the end of the Qing Dynasty and the beginning of the Republic of China, most of the major railway lines in the country were built by foreign capital. At that time, Ye Gongchuo was almost obedient, talking about twists and turns, and anxiously worrying about the redemption of various railways and the signing of loan contracts. Ye Gongchuo corrected the mistakes made in railway diplomacy over the years and saved a lot of rights for the country. In particular, in the 9th year of the Republic of China, he took the opportunity to regain the sovereignty of the China-Eastern Railway and made decisive strategic decisions, which fully demonstrated Ye's alert and decisive ability.
It is particularly worth mentioning that in 1923, Sun Yat-sen established the navy and army general headquarters in Guangzhou. He immediately ordered Ye Gongchuo, who was taking refuge in Japan, to return to China to help Guangdong and entrust him with the important post of Minister of Finance. , and soon served as Minister of Construction and Tax Supervisor. Although it only lasted more than a year, Ye Gongchuo returned to the north on the order of Sun Yat-sen to contact Zhang Zuolin and Duan Qirui and disappeared from the southern political arena. However, because he was an important official in the Beiyang government, this move was enough to make people who did not know the truth People at the time were speechless. In fact, when Sun Yat-sen was appointed as the National Railway Supervisor in the early years of the Republic of China, he had already deeply appreciated Ye Gongchuo's "traffic salvation theory" and his work ability. He knew that he was not on the same side as the Beiyang politicians, so he did this not only because of The two are from the same hometown in Guangdong.
At the end of 1926, Zhang Zuolin took office as "Commander-in-Chief of the Anguo Army" in Tianjin.
In order to avoid Zhang Zuolin, Ye Gongchuo abandoned his post and returned to Shanghai, focusing on his contacts with calligraphers. He became a close friend with Wu Hufan, helped Wu Hufan get out of financial difficulties, supported Wu disciples in selecting Wu Hufan's paintings, and signed autographs for them. Preface, printed and published.
Ye Gongchuo has an upright and forthright personality and a generous mind. He was a former important minister of the Qing Dynasty and served as the Chief of Communications of the Beiyang Government. Later, he followed Sun Yat-sen and took charge of important departments. This was a rare occurrence in the political history of the Republic of China. This was mainly due to his adhering to Sun Yat-sen's Three People's Principles. After Sun Yat-sen passed away, Ye Gongchuo built a "Yangzhi Pavilion" next to Sun Yat-sen's mausoleum to express his admiration for Sun Yat-sen's "high mountain Yangzhi".
At the China Guardian auction in 2003, a letter from Sun Yat-sen to Ye Gongchuo was sold for 1.111 million yuan.