Teaching process of Moonlit Night and Tomb of Xiao Hong;
First, the introduction of new courses.
Since 19 17 February, Hu Shi's eight vernacular poems were published in New Youth, and the vernacular poems caused a sensation quickly, and excellent vernacular poems kept pouring out. Shen's Moonlit Night, a teacher in Peking University at that time, was one of them. To a certain extent, it is precisely because of this poem that this small group of modern poems first published by China can be said to truly show modernity. So, what exactly is this poem written? Let's read together.
Second, the new curriculum teaching
Target guidance 1: moonlit night
1. Know the author and grasp the writing background.
Shen (1883- 197 1), formerly known as an outstanding scholar, poet and calligrapher. During the May 4th Movement, Peking University famous professor Shen, Lu Xun, Chen Duxiu and others took turns to edit New Youth. 19 17 is the darkest and most chaotic period in modern China history, but it is also the most productive period of ideology and culture. It is in this environment that new poetry was born. The "newness" of new poetry first lies in the newness of its spirit and soul, that is, the modernity of thought. The pursuit of "science" and "democracy", individual awakening, ideological liberation and individual independence have become the universal pursuit of this era. In a word, China people have subjective consciousness. There is no "I" (meaning the consciousness of independent existence) in China's traditional poems (except Qu Yuan). Only in new poems, such as Moonlit Night, does "I" appear in large numbers. Therefore, Moonlit Night is not only the symbol of the birth of new poetry, but also the symbol of the birth of real new literature.
2. Read poems aloud and understand symbolic images and themes.
(1) This poem depicts a picture of a moonlit night. Please describe this photo in moonlight in your own words.
Sunny: first frost blows, and the moonlight is bright. In the frosty winter night, the indomitable tree and the independent "I" stand side by side, full of beautiful meanings.
Teaching skills
Grasp the characteristics of the scenery in the poem and write it out.
(2) This is a very obscure poem, seemingly documentary, which simply describes and records a scene at that time, but isn't this a description of the current situation at that time? Please combine the writing background of this poem and talk about your understanding of the symbolic image and theme of this poem.
Clarity: Symbolic image: This poem reflects a social aspect before the May 4th Movement-a social aspect of semi-feudal and semi-colonial China. "Tree" symbolizes an ancient concept, which is traditional, steady, deeply rooted, stubborn and pedantic. "Stand side by side" is the coexistence of ideas. "Not leaning" means breaking free from bondage, sticking to one's own opinions and pursuing independence. "I stand side by side with a big tree, but I don't lean on it" symbolizes the poet's strong character and spirit of struggle.
Theme: erin brockovich in the cold, never back down in loneliness. This poem shows the consciousness of a generation of intellectuals awakened during the May 4th Movement to pursue independence, freedom, light and truth.
Goal guidance 2: dictation by Xiao Hong's tomb
1. Simply understand the author and writing background.
Dai Wangshu (1905— 1950) is a modern poet. 1April, 929, the first book of poetry, My Memory, was published, among which Rain Lane was read for a period of time, so it was called "Rain Lane Poet". 194 1 was arrested and imprisoned by the Japanese at the end of the year. In prison, I wrote poems such as "The Wall of Prison", "I Use Broken Palm" and "Waiting".
Xiao Hong (191-1942), formerly known as Zhang Youying, is a modern female writer with a bumpy life experience and remarkable creative achievements. Xiaohong's hometown is in Hulan District, Heilongjiang Province. She fled from the northeast and entered the customs early. 1932 started literary creation and devoted himself to the flood of resistance against Japan. On 1935, she published her famous work "Life and Death Field", and her later major works include "Biography of Hulan River".
Dai Wangshu and Xiao Hong have a deep friendship. 1940 65438+ 10, the two met for the first time in Hong Kong, but they hit it off immediately. When the Pacific War broke out, Xiao Hong was ill but could not get normal treatment. She died in extremely chaotic Hong Kong at the age of 365,438+0. This was naturally a great stimulus to Dai Wangshu, a friend who also insisted on resisting Japan in Hong Kong at that time. This poem was written by Dai Wangshu when he went to pay homage to Xiao Hong's tomb after being released by Japanese prisoners, which means to sing casually.
2. Read the poem aloud and experience the emotional expression in it.
(1) Take a six-hour lonely long-distance walk.
Clarity: "six hours" means the length of time and "long distance" means distance, emphasizing that "six hours" and "long distance" are realistic, and more implicitly referring to the deep and sincere friendship between the poet and the deceased. "Loneliness" is not only the poet's actual feelings at that time, but also a true portrayal of the poet's long-term mood and the most important emotional tone of poetry.
(2) Put a bunch of camellia on your head.
Chengming: Saying "beside the grave" instead of "beside the head" contains rich and complicated feelings such as the poet lamenting her early death, wishing that she was still alive and imagining that she just slept for a while.
(3) I am waiting, and the night is long.
Clear: "It's a long night", writing this "waiting" is long, painful and unbearable, which also means that Xiao Hong's life is destroyed in this long night.
(4) You are lying and listening to Haitao's gossip.
Chengming: The word "que" means that although the poet and his friends were separated forever, the deceased had his own peace and philosophy that penetrated the world. Listening to Haitao Gossip, the sea accompanied the deceased, although still lonely, but the soul was detached and calm, telling the author's life sentiment.
The language of this poem is concise, rich in texture and full of hints; Emotional expression is calm and restrained, but it is deep, plain and profound, and euphemistically infiltrating passion is one of Dai Wangshu's poems.
Third, blackboard design.
Taste the beauty of moonlight in new poetry-the beauty of artistic conception
Xiao Hong's Tomb: Emotional Beauty
"Out of chapter", "storm" and "unity" I. Introducing new courses
There is a saying like this: "intentional planting flowers, unintentional opening." The poem "Broken Chapter" that we are going to learn today is selected from "Fish Collection" written by Bian at 1935+00, which is one of the important representative works of the poet. According to the poet himself, this poem was originally four sentences in a poem, because only these four sentences were preserved and became a self-contained sentence. Unexpectedly, this poem has become one of the most widely circulated and representative poets.
Second, the new curriculum teaching
Goal-oriented learning 1: out of context
1. Read poems, analyze images and appreciate the beauty of paintings.
(1) Although there are only thirty words in this poem, there are many images, which constitute a hazy artistic conception. Please find out.
Chengming: The poet abstracted eight images from the instant appreciation: you are standing on the bridge, people are watching the scenery upstairs, bridges, buildings, bright moons, windows, others and dreams.
(2) The eight images of the poem overlap each other and combine into four beautiful and vivid pictures. What's the connection between these four pictures?
Clear: The first two pictures "You are standing on the bridge watching the scenery", "People watching the scenery are watching you upstairs", "On the bridge" and "Upstairs" seem to have nothing to do with each other, but they are related because of the action of "watching the scenery". In the last two pictures, "the bright moon decorated your window" and "you decorated other people's dreams", "window" has nothing to do with "dream", but it is related to "decoration". A very ordinary picture of life, a few irrelevant things, after careful conception and combination of the poet, has become very intriguing.
2. Read this poem again and understand its main idea.
(1) What do you draw from the four interrelated pictures described by the poet?
Clarity: people can look at the scenery and become others' scenery; The bright moon can decorate your window and other people's dreams, and life can decorate each other.
(2) Combined with your understanding of poetry, what philosophical connotation does this poem express?
Clarity: Everything in the world is interrelated and interdependent. People, things and things, whether consciously or unconsciously, may be related in one way or another.
Goal-oriented learning II: the song of the storm
1. Read the poem and describe the picture of the poem.
Although this poem is only six short lines, it has a strong sense of picture. Please combine some characteristic words in the poem, such as "Juan", "Ben", "sea", "boat" and "helmsman" to imagine the picture and describe it.
Obviously, "wind" and "rain" come from the earth and are full of momentum. The earth in the storm looks like a rough sea, and the "houses" on the earth are like ships and boats on the sea. Facing the "earthsea", "I" is full of worries, just like a young helmsman who lacks sea experience and doesn't know how to grasp his own direction.
2. Combine the writing background, analyze the language, refine the symbolic meaning, and understand the author's feelings.
(1) What are the expressive effects of the words "roll" and "run" in the first two sentences "The wind rolls from the ground and the rain comes from the ground"?
Qing: The verbs "Juan" and "Ben" are extremely vivid, depicting the turmoil and instability of the "earth" and the momentum of rushing.
(2) Do "wind" and "rain" in poetry only refer to the wind and rain in nature? What else is symbolic? What is the deep meaning of "the earth"?
Clear: They not only refer to the storms of nature, but also symbolize the ups and downs of life for a "young" helmsman who has no life experience and life experience. This poem was written in 1930s, and the "land" hit by "wind and rain" here refers to the stormy situation in China at that time. In this way, "wind and rain" has a deeper meaning: the suffering of China society at that time.
(3) What kind of image is "I" in the face of such a "earth"?
Clear: As a promising young man who dares to ride the wind and waves like a helmsman, I have a strong sense of responsibility and mission in the face of the suffering motherland, and I am deeply worried about China's social future and national destiny.
Goal guidance 3: unification
1. Read the poem aloud and talk about how the author expresses the idea of "unity" in combination with the topic.
Mingming: All leaves and one leaf, all flowers and one flower, all trees and one tree have a many-to-one relationship, and "many" and "one" are opposites, but the author equates them with the word "yes" here and expresses the idea of "unity" with opposition.
2. Why does the author think that "more" means "one"? Why do you say "abundance is a lie"? Please talk about your understanding of this sentence combined with the author's answer.
Clarity: The author thinks that "all fruits are different", so "varieties are deceptive". The author wrote flowers first, then leaves. But flowers and leaves, no matter what their Vientiane posture, are essentially for bearing fruit, and the essence of fruit is for the transmission of life. From this perspective, all flowers, leaves and fruits have their own essence, and from the perspective of life inheritance, this essence is no different. Therefore, diversity is the appearance of many creatures, and the essence is the same.
3. Some people say, "Because all leaves are this leaf, knowing this leaf helps us to know all the leaves." Do you agree with this view? Please tell me your opinion.
Clear: For example, I agree with this view, because all leaves have the same leaf essence. It is also a cognitive law of human existence to turn scattered things into unity and sum up the essence of things through their phenomena, so as to achieve a clearer understanding of things.
Goal-oriented Learning IV: Comparative Reading
Compare and read these five short poems, and give examples to illustrate what the "newness" of new poems means.
Clear: ① Formally: no matter whether it is flat or flat, no matter the length, there is no word limit; In terms of rhythm, the rhyme is loose and there are no strict rules, but it generally follows a certain rhythm, such as "Lai" and "Hai" in The Wind and Rain Song.
(2) Language: To write poems in vernacular Chinese, not only vernacular Chinese is used instead of classical Chinese, but also vernacular Chinese grammar is used instead of classical Chinese grammar, and new foreign grammars are absorbed, such as first frost and Walking Alone for Six Hours. And this language is scattered in culture.
Conceptually: pursuing individuality and independence, emphasizing the author's subjective temperament, emotions and opinions, such as moonlit nights, broken chapters and storms.
Third, blackboard design.
Philosophy: Everything in the world is interdependent.
The Song of Wind and Rain —— The Symbol "I" in the Storm
"Unity"-reasoning: there is unity in opposition, and a single essence can be seen through various phenomena.