Jujube flowers are falling on clothes and towels, reeling wheels are ringing in the south and north of the village, and cucumbers are sold by old willows in cow clothes. ——Su Shi, Song Dynasty, "Huanxi Sha·Jujube Blossoms Falling on Clothes and Scarves" Jujube blossoms fall on clothes and scarves, reeling carts ring in the south and north of the village, and cucumbers are sold on ancient willows in cow clothes.
From "Huanxisha·Jujube Blossoms Falling on Clothes and Scarves" by Su Shi of the Song Dynasty
Five poems were written on the road to thank the rain in Xumen Shitan. The pond is twenty miles east of the city, and it often corresponds to the increase or decrease in the clarity and turbidity of the Surabaya River. Three Hundred Poems from the Song Dynasty, Ancient Chinese Poetry, Countryside, Life and Customs Translation and Annotations
Translation
Date flowers fall on the lapels of clothes one after another. The sound of silk reeling could be heard from the south of the village to the north of the village, and a farmer in cow clothes was selling cucumbers under the old willow tree.
The journey was long, the wine was on my mind, and I felt dizzy and just wanted to take a nap. The sun was shining brightly, but I was so thirsty that I wanted to find some water anywhere. So he knocked on the door of a villager's house and asked, "Can I give you a bowl of tea?" Translation and Notes 2
Translation
Clothes and scarves rustled in the wind, and date flowers fell with the wind. The sound of spinning wheels reeling silk could be heard from the south of the village to the north of the village. Farmers wearing linen clothes sat under the old willow tree selling cucumbers.
I was so drunk that I fell asleep all the way. The sun is shining brightly, making people thirsty. Knock on a farmer's door to see if he can quench your thirst with a bowl of strong tea. Creative Background Appreciation
The poem "Huanxisha" was written by Su Shi when he was the prefect of Xuzhou at the age of 43. In the spring of 1078 AD (the first year of Yuanfeng), a severe drought occurred in Xuzhou. As a local official, Su Shi led his people to a stone pond twenty miles east of the city to pray for rain. After the rain came, he went to Shitan with the people to thank him for the rain. Su Shi wrote the composition "Huanxi Sand" on his way to Xie Yu in Shitan, Xumen. This is the fourth of five poems. The work describes his experiences and feelings in the countryside. It is artistically ingenious. The words start from typical things commonly seen in rural areas, and express the honest rural flavor in an interesting way. Fresh and simple, clear as words, vivid and true to life, are the distinctive features of this word. The first part of this poem describes the scenery, and the second part is lyrical. It should be pointed out that the scene described in this poem is not a unified picture formed through visual images in general, but a scene reflected on the screen of the poet's consciousness through the various sounds transmitted to the eardrums. A series of memories.
This poem was written by Su Shi when he was an official in Xuzhou (in today's Jiangsu Province). According to the superstitious customs at that time, a local official who was concerned about farming would ask the "Dragon Lord" for rain when there was a severe drought; when it rained, he would also thank the "Dragon Lord" for the rain. This poem is one of the things Su Shi recorded when he passed through the countryside to thank Yu.
"The jujube flowers are rustling on the clothes and the towel is falling", according to the literary meaning, it should be "the date flowers are falling on the clothes and the towel is rustling". When ancient people wrote poetry, they often adjusted the order of sentence components according to the needs of meter and rhetoric, as is the case here. "簌簌" describes the appearance of jujube flowers falling one after another. "Yijie" refers to clothes and headscarves. In ancient clothing, men often wore headscarves. Jujube trees bloom small yellow-green flowers in early summer. The author did not see the falling jujube flowers from the side, but walked under the jujube tree or stood under the jujube tree so that the jujube flowers could fall on the clothes and towels. Next, "the sound of reeling in the south of the village and the north of the village". "缩[sāo]车", a hand-operated tool for extracting silk. The sound of silk reeling was heard from the south end to the north end of the village. It turned out that the silkworm farmers were working nervously. Here, there are jujube flowers scattered, there are winding cars singing, and under the ancient willow trees on the roadside, there is also a farmer wearing an ox jacket selling cucumbers. "Cow clothing" is a kind of fabric made of hemp or grass and used to cover the body of cattle. Here it refers to things like coir raincoat. There are three sentences in the film, each of which describes an aspect of the scenery. This time Su Shi came to the countryside by chance and sensitively captured these characteristics, especially things with seasonal characteristics such as jujube flowers, silk reeling, and cucumbers, and sketched them. With just a few strokes, a custom painting of a rural area in early summer was painted.
This poem not only describes the scenery, but also records the events. In the next film, it turns into the writer's own activities. At this time, he was already "drunk but sleepy after a long journey". "Drunk from alcohol" means sleepiness after drinking, which means he drank before going on the road. "The road is long", it seems, has traveled a long distance, but is still far away from the destination. "Wei", only. This sentence expresses the sleepiness of his journey. "People in Rigao are thirsty and want tea." "The sun is high", the sun has risen very high.
While driving under the early summer sun, I felt hot and thirsty, and I couldn't help but want to drink a cup of tea to soothe my throat and quench my thirst. "Man" here means can't help it. If you are thirsty, you need tea; if you are sleepy, you probably want tea to relieve your sleepiness. So he "knocked on the door and asked the savages." "Savage family" refers to rural people, that is, ordinary people in the countryside. Su Shi was the chief executive of a prefecture at the time. He called local farmers "barbarians" in his writings, which was just out of his official tone. But the word "question" shows that he has no official air. He did not order his attendants to ask for it, but he himself knocked on the door of a common man's house and politely discussed with them: "Fellow, can you give me some tea to quench my thirst?"
In this way, with a few simple sentences, he not only painted a picture of the countryside full of life, but also recorded an experience of knocking on the door of a fellow villager to ask for tea. It's something that I can't get into, so I feel fresh and interesting. This poem seems to have been written casually, but in fact the words are vivid and expressive, giving this short poem a narrative style an artistic life. This is the "inexhaustible meaning, seen beyond the words" that is emphasized in classical poetry. Why does the author want to "knock on the door and ask questions"? 1. He is a good parent official who is considerate of the people and loves them as his own son. He is modest and polite and will not rush into the farmhouse; 2. He just asked for rain after the drought. The owner may be out farming in the fields and not at home, so he wants to test the home. Is anyone there?
In the poem "Huanxisha", the sentence "Jujube flowers rustle on clothes and towels fall off" is actually the reverse text of "Jujube flowers rustle off clothes and towels"; in Du Fu's poem "Autumn Xing" there is "Fragrant rice" The original meaning is: Parrots peck at the remaining fragrant grains of rice, and the phoenix perches on the old phoenix branches. While the subject and object are inverted, the objects "fragrant rice grains" and "biwu branches" are also split into the positions of the subject and the guest. Regarding the inversion of verses in classical poetry, Hong Liangji of the Qing Dynasty said: "Poets often use inversion to find it strange and vivid." Appreciation
This poem was written by Su Shi when he was an official in Xuzhou. According to the superstitious customs at that time, a local official who was concerned about farming would ask the "Dragon Lord" for rain when there was a severe drought; when it rained, he would also thank the "Dragon Lord" for the rain. This poem is one of the things Su Shi recorded when he passed through the countryside to thank Yu.
This word describes his experiences and feelings in the countryside. It is artistically ingenious. The words start from typical things commonly seen in rural areas, and express the honest rural flavor in an interesting way. Fresh and simple, clear as words, vivid and true to life, are the distinctive features of this word. The first part of this poem describes the scenery, and the second part is lyrical. It should be pointed out that the scene described in this poem is not a unified picture formed through visual images in general, but a scene reflected on the screen of the poet's consciousness through the various sounds transmitted to the eardrums. A series of memories.
"Jujube flowers are falling on clothes and towels" begins with the sound of date flowers falling on clothes and towels, reflecting the joy of a prefect who cares about people's lives for the new scene in the countryside after the rain. The author was on the "Xie Yu Road". After a long journey, he was still drunk and sleepy, so he couldn't help but feel a little tired. Suddenly, a "swishing" sound came to my ears, and it seemed like something was hitting my body and headscarf. Only then did he realize: it was a jujube flower falling on him. The sound of jujube flowers falling on the clothes and scarf is slight, but it is so real to the author's ears. Then, there was another squeaking sound in my ears. The further we walked, the stronger the sound became. It came from the south, from the north, and from all directions. There was no need to look or ask. This was the sound of the reeling car that the author was familiar with. sound. "South of the village and north of the village" summarizes the sound of "reeling", which shows how seriously, how carefully and how excited the author listened. From the sound, the author realized that he had entered the village. At this time, a sudden burst of shouting came into my ears. I looked closely and saw that it was a farmer wearing a "cow jacket" sitting in the shade of an ancient willow tree with a pile of cucumbers in front of him. "Old Clothes of Cows and Willows", the author changes his perspective to write about his joy over the harvest of vegetables. Three sentences, three images, seemingly scattered and completely unrelated. But when strung together with the line "Xie Yu's Road", people feel that this comic strip has a strong three-dimensional sense. This group of pictures is not only beautiful in color, but also beautiful in music. Whether it is the sound of falling flowers, the buzzing sound of cars, or the cries of melon farmers, they are full of rich flavor of life and vividly show the prosperous scene of the countryside.
The first part describes the busy scene of rural production and labor, and the second part switches to describing the hardships of Xie Yu’s journey, highlighting the author’s feelings and conscious activities. "Drunk and sleepy after a long journey" is a supplement to the previous film.
Structurally, this sentence is a flashback, which shows that the first three sentences were written from an auditory perspective, mainly because the drunkenness was still there, the journey was long, and the body was tired, so what was written down was just a snippet that was heard in a sleepy state. , is not a complete and unified picture of visual composition. The two sentences "The sun rises and people are thirsty", although they describe the conscious activities of eager to find water at farmers' homes due to thirst, they also reflect the author's informal and happy-go-lucky character. Walking from village to village, it was already hot and sunny, and people were thirsty and sleepy. They couldn't help but think of tea to quench their thirst and refresh themselves. The word "question" is used very carefully. It not only expresses the author's full hope of asking for a cup of tea to quench his thirst, but also worries that during the busy farming season, there will be no one at the farm and it will be inconvenient for him to rush in. The letter is written without polish, but it is lifelike, portraying the image of a humble and approachable magistrate, and describing the relationship between a prefect and ordinary farmers in a cordial and natural way. "Knock on the door and ask the savages", the words stopped abruptly here. What was the result of the poet's knocking on the door, whether he drank tea, and how the farmers entertained him? The poem did not explain a single word, leaving it to the reader's imagination, and the aftertaste is endless. This is the "inexhaustible meaning, seen beyond the words" that is emphasized in classical poetry.
In the poem "Huanxisha", the sentence "Jujube flowers rustle on clothes and towels fall off" is actually the reverse text of "Jujube flowers rustle off clothes and towels"; in Du Fu's poem "Autumn Xing" there is "Fragrant rice" The original meaning is: Parrots peck at the remaining fragrant grains of rice, and the phoenix perches on the old phoenix branches. While the subject and object are inverted, the objects "fragrant rice grains" and "biwu branches" are also split into the positions of the subject and the guest. Regarding the inversion of verses in classical poetry, Hong Liangji of the Qing Dynasty said: "Poets often use inversion to find it strange and vivid." Su Shi (1037-1101) was a writer, calligrapher, painter and gourmet in the Northern Song Dynasty. His courtesy name is Zizhan and his nickname is Dongpo Jushi. Han nationality, Sichuan native, buried in Yingchang (now Jiaxian County, Pingdingshan City, Henan Province). His official career was bumpy throughout his life, but he was knowledgeable, extremely talented, and excellent in poetry, calligraphy, and painting. His writing is unbridled, clear and fluent. Together with Ouyang Xiu, he is called Ou Su, and he is one of the "Eight Great Masters of the Tang and Song Dynasties". His poetry is fresh and vigorous, good at using exaggeration and metaphor, and his artistic expression is unique. He is also called Su Huang together with Huang Tingjian. He started a bold and unrestrained school and had a huge influence on later generations. Together with Xin Qiji, he was called Su Xin. He was good at calligraphy in running script and regular script. He was able to create his own ideas. His pen was rich and ups and downs, and he had an innocent taste. He was called Song Dynasty together with Huang Tingjian, Mi Fu and Cai Xiang. The four schools have the same painting studies and literature, advocate spiritual similarity in painting, and advocate "scholar painting". He is the author of "The Complete Works of Su Dongpo" and "Su Dongpo Yuefu".
Su Shi Xiuzhu Temple is separated by light smoke across the water, passing by Shuyuluohua Village. The chrysanthemums on the horse's path through the mountain are beginning to turn yellow, and the horse's confidence grows wild. The cuckoo is busy in the north and south of the village, and the rice flowers are fragrant in front of and behind the village. The cattle and sheep return to the village and alleys, and children are ignorant of clothes. The grass in the isolated village is far away, and the apricot blossoms are flying in the setting sun. Staying in the village, riding on the horse, the snow falls all over the isolated village. Shashan Yunli. It is the urgent need for agriculture in every village. The flutes and drums follow the spring society, and the clothes and clothes are simple and ancient. There is no one lying on the cow's back at sunset, and the jackdaws return in twos and twos. The chickens are crowing wildly, and the chickens are fighting each other. Horse hooves are thick with dew, the sound of roosters is pale in the moonlight, and the deserted village road is lonely. Sometimes I see people returning to the village, crossing the sand to rest. The shadows of mulberry trees are scattered in the spring community, and every family supports people to return intoxicated. White grass and yellow sand. There are three or two families in the isolated village under the moonlight. Yunzhe Temple on Jiuhuashan Road, Liufu Bridge in Qingyijiang Village.