Wang Guowei (1877— 1927) was born in Haining, Zhejiang. Father Wang Naiyu is a businessman. At the age of 4, he lost his mother and his father often went out to do business. He was strict in educating his children and developed Wang Guowei's withdrawn character. He went to Hangzhou twice to take the provincial examination, and when he failed, he tended to learn new things. After the Sino-Japanese War, I went to Shanghai to work as a secretary and proofreader for The Times. At the same time, I use my spare time to set up Oriental Literature Society in Luo Zhenyu to learn Japanese and physics and chemistry courses from Japanese Fujita Toyohachi. Luo Zhenyu in Shangyu saw Wang Guowei's poems written on the fan, praised his talent, helped him financially, and left him as an ordinary servant in Dongwen Society. Julian Waghann served Luo Zhenyu and lived in Romania all his life. Wang Yu 190 1 went to study in Japan and returned to China due to illness the following year. 65438-0903 teacher of Nantong Normal School, 65438-0904 teacher of Jiangsu Normal School, teaching psychology, ethics and sociology. 1906, Luo Zhenyu was transferred to Beijing and became an official in the academic department, followed by Wang, who visited the general affairs of the academic department and worked as a compiler in the library of the academic department the following year. He is interested in the philosophy of Schopenhauer, Kant and Nietzsche. He has published many philosophical papers in the education field, introduced German philosophy, and engaged in the study of Ci and drama. 1908 published "Ci Hua on Earth", 19 12 published "Textual Research on Song and Yuan Dramas".
Luo Zhenyu (1866- 1940) was a native of Huai 'an, Jiangsu Province in modern times. Originally from Shangyu, Zhejiang Province, his real name was Yan Shu and Shu Yun, and in his later years, he was named an old man in Song Zhen. At the end of the Qing Dynasty, he was called to Beijing as a second-class consultant of the department, supplemented by a counselor, and concurrently served as the agricultural supervisor of Shi Jing University. After the Revolution of 1911, he fled to Japan, and then participated in the activities of creating the puppet Manchukuo. Calligraphy is good at seal, official seal, model and line, and is one of the founders of Oracle Bone Inscriptions. The inscription of Xiao Zhuan is precise, rigorous and steady. He collected and sorted out archaeological materials such as Oracle bones, bronzes, bamboo slips, funerary wares and lost articles, and published them in an album. He has compiled celebrity calligraphy in Zhensongtang, The Essence of Gaochang Murals, Deeds of Yin Ruins, Deeds of Yin Ruins, Three Generations of Ji Jin Literature, etc.
Gu Hongming (1857-1928), whose real name is Tang Sheng and Gu Hongming, is an easy-to-read and easy-to-read old man in Hanbin, followed by word and line. When studying in Europe, Gu Hongming was renamed Koh (Kaw) Hong Beng. After returning to China, his pronunciation in Minnan was changed to Ku Hongming. Gu Zu was born in Tongan, Fujian, and 1857 was born in an overseas Chinese family in Penang, Malaysia. His great-grandfather Ku Li Huan was the first Chinese leader in British Malay Peninsula. Father Gu Ziyun works as a manager in a British rubber plantation in Penang, and his mother is Portuguese. Mr. Brown, the owner of rubber plantation, has a deep friendship with Gu Ziyun and recognizes Gu Hongming as his adopted son. When Gu Hongming 13 years old, the Browns returned to their hometown in Scotland and took him to study in the UK. In Edinburgh, the capital of Scotland, Gu Hongming began to receive systematic and formal western education. First, I studied in the local English school, and then 1873 to 1874 was admitted to the Faculty of Arts of Edinburgh University to study western literature. /kloc-in the spring of 0/877, he passed the examinations of Latin, Greek, mathematics, day school, moral philosophy, natural philosophy and rhetoric with excellent results, and obtained a master's degree in literature from Edinburgh University. Then, he went to Germany to study, entered Leipzig University, studied civil engineering and got a diploma in engineering. Then I went to Paris and studied French at the University of Paris. 1880, he returned to Penang after completing his studies, and soon worked as an assistant secretary of the British Strait colonial government in Singapore.
Three years later, Gu Hongming happened to meet Ma Jianzhong who returned to Singapore. They hit it off and talked for three days. Encouraged by Ma Jianzhong's persuasion, Gu Hongming decided to be a real China native, immediately resigned from the colonial government, returned to his hometown in Penang, shaved his hair, braided his hair, and started the first step of "China", starting to study Chinese and China culture.
1885, Gu Hongming officially returned to China and was invited to be a foreign copywriter in the shogunate of Zhang Zhidong. He is highly valued and has lived with Fujian and Guangdong for 20 years. 1905, Shanghai "Huangpu Military Bureau" was established, and Gu Hongming was hired as a supervisor for three years. After the restoration of Xuantong, he served as assistant minister of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, became a doctor, and later became Zuo Cheng. 1910/month, the Qing court listed it as "the first class in studying abroad" and awarded it to the top liberal arts scholar, ranking second only to Yan Fu. In the same year, he resigned from the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and became a supervisor of Shanghai Nanyang Public School.
After the Revolution of 1911, he expressed his loyalty to the Qing Dynasty, resigned from public office and went to Beijing. 19 15, Peking University hired him as a professor to teach English literature. On 19 17, Zhang Xun was reinstated as Vice Minister of Foreign Affairs. After the restoration failed, he returned to Peking University to teach. Before and after the May 4th Movement, like Lin Shu, he was a conservative, advocating respect for Taoism in Kong Jing and writing in English against the New Culture Movement. 1924 He went to Japan to give lectures on oriental culture for three years at the invitation of Japan's Dadong Cultural Association, during which he was invited to give lectures in Taiwan. 1In the autumn of 927, Gu Hongming returned from Japan. 1928 died in Beijing on April 30th at the age of 72.
Gu Hongming is the most influential Chinese-English translator in China in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China.
Lu Xun (188 1 ~ 1936), formerly known as Zhou Shuren, was a great writer, thinker and revolutionary in modern China and the founder of new literature. The style of China's modern novels is formed by absorbing the stylistic art of foreign novels and transforming traditional parody. Mr. Lu Xun is a great standard-bearer of this reform.
19 18 In May, Lu Xun's short story Diary of a Madman published in New Youth was an epoch-making work, which announced the beginning of a brand-new literary century. In terms of artistic methods, it obviously has a "faint symbolism color". Before The Madman's Diary came out, vernacular poems and essays had appeared, but the work that really had profound revolutionary thoughts and literary revolutionary characteristics and combined the thorough anti-feudal spirit with a brand-new and perfect art form was The Madman's Diary. It can also be said that Diary of a Madman is the pioneering work of China's modern novels.
Chen (1852 ~ 1937) is a modern poet. Strict words and scattered numbers. Yining, Jiangxi (now Xiushui) people. In the fifteenth year of Guangxu (1889), he was a scholar and took charge of the official department. Twenty-one years (1895), Shanghai Kaiqiang Society was listed once. This year, his father, Chen Baozhen, served as the governor of Hunan, founded the New Deal, advocated new learning and supported the political reform movement. Huang Zunxian and Liang Qichao successively came to Changsha to assist. Chen helped his father and planned many things. At that time, he was as famous as Tan Sitong and was called "the second son". After the coup, the father and son were dismissed for the crime of "recruiting talents" and never used it again. He waited on his father, lived in seclusion in Nanchang Mountain, Jiangxi Province, that is, Xishan Mountain, and built a thatched cottage. In twenty-six years (1900), my father died of grief and indignation. Since then, he has often traveled between Yulu and Xishan, and also roamed near the south of the Yangtze River. After the Qing Dynasty, he pretended to be an old man and sang with Shen Yi people. He likes to reward those who fall behind, and his disciple Hu claims to inherit his mantle.