Han Xiaochuang is a famous writer of Zi Di Shu. Zidishu, also known as Yin Qing Zidishu, originated from the popular folk song Bian Guan Diao in the early Qing Dynasty. It is an octagonal drum with three strings, which is similar to the later drum lyrics. From the Qianlong period to the late Qing Dynasty, it spread in Beijing, Shenyang and other places. Because its authors and singers are mostly children of the Eight Banners, it is called "Zidishu". Because most writers in Shu are children of the Eight Banners and have profound literary attainments, Shu often has high literary appreciation value. Among the authors of Zi Di Shu, Han Xiaochuang has the most handed down works and the deepest attainments, so he was once known as the "Master of Zi Di Shu".
Han Xiaochuan is a Manchu, originally from Kaiyuan County, Liaoning Province, and later settled in Shenyang. Born in the 10th year of Daoguang (1830) and died in the 21st year of Guangxu (1895). O Han Xiaochuan's parents died when he was young, and he lived in an aunt's house in Shenyang. His uncle died early, and his aunt was sickly and didn't care much. Therefore, since he was a child, he often went to the teahouse and bookstore in Xiguan and Xiaoheyan, Shenyang. This made him have an indissoluble bond with folk literature and art since he was a child. When he was young, he went to Beijing many times to take exams and apply for jobs, but he failed to do so. Only during the Tongzhi period, he went to Beijing twice to take the exam, and both lived at his good friend Xi Xiaofeng's house, but both failed. During several job hunting trips to Beijing, he made friends with many children of the Eight Banners, and wandered in Shenyang, Beijing, Jinzhou, Liaoyang and other places, visiting friends with poems, and successively made friends with celebrities such as Xiaofeng, Miao, Dong, Chun Shuzhai and Erling Jushi, thus promoting his creative activities of children's books, poems, couplets and riddles.
During the Tongzhi period, Han Xiaochuang and some literati gathered in Shenyang to form an irregular leisure gathering organization. In fact, it is a poetry club and a folk organization of literary celebrities. In addition to "singing with wine" and taking literature as their friends, they also wrote a large number of children's books, spring poems, riddles and other vulgar works.
In the third year of Guangxu (1877), at Miao's initiative, with the request and support of folk artists and all walks of life, the Huilan Poetry Society was formally formed with friends such as Xiaofeng, Shang Yazhen, Li Longshi, Rong Wenda and Song Ziyou, and was held every Wednesday, Saturday and September in Wenshan Room (Huiwentang) of Shenyang Gulou Club. Their newly created poems, couplets, lanterns, tigers, and disciples' books (unsigned) were published on the wall of a teahouse outside the South East Gate of Huiwenshan Prefecture for public comment, and there was a sea of people at once. In this way, the boundary between the children of the Eight Banners and the lower classes was broken. Many drummers, shadow puppets and blind artists who walk around the country and dance yangko ask members of the poetry club to write plays or arias. The movement of the poetry society towards the people naturally attracted the attention and interference of the rulers. This practice of posting lists in tea houses ended intermittently in less than three years. During this period, Han Xiaochuang created some children's books, such as Ning Wuguan, Legacy of Brothel and Rich and Proud Wife, all of which were published by Huiwen Bookstore, which made him famous.
Han Xiaochuang was an official all his life and lived in poverty. In his later years, he claimed to be a cloth, and naturally he was not ashamed to make a living by selling goods. Besides relying on friends such as Miao and Xiaofeng, he also accepted literary remuneration from Wenshan Bookstore and Bookstore. He deliberately devoted himself to the creation of children's books, and successively wrote works such as Tears, Meiyu Hate, and Visiting the Old People's Home. These works criticized the hypocrisy and deception of patriarchal clan system and feudal laws, and mercilessly tore the true colors of the ruling class hidden behind ceremony, festival, loyalty, filial piety and benevolence. His later works, from the theme treatment to the application of artistic skills, have reached the point of perfection. His adaptation of Regret for the Past is based on A Dream of Red Mansions, which can deeply understand the essence of the original, embody and spread the spirit of the original, stand the test of time and become a masterpiece handed down from generation to generation. In addition, Han Xiaochuang has written many films for shadow puppeteers. There are two kinds of works handed down today: Slander and Ridiculous (cursing the son) and The Story of the Stone (Mrs. Tian Sansao hits the stove).
Han Xiaochuang's calligraphy is also good. In the early years, there was a vigorous calligraphy and painting in the main hall of Zuyue Temple in Qian Shan. In the middle of this vertical axis, there are only two big characters, but no matter whether the monks in the temple often come to be benefactors, they are all pronounced as "Qianlianshan", an easy-to-read and unusual calligraphy and painting, which was made by Han Xiaochuang when he traveled to Qian Shan.
Han Xiaochuang went abroad to make a living in his later years and died in Liaoyang (scholars at home and abroad have raised objections to this and need further research).
Han Xiaochuan is a prolific writer. According to legend, there are as many as 45 {100} plays written by his disciples in his life, with a wide range of themes, including historical stories, love stories, satirical stories and social stories. Things, profound feelings, elegance and vulgarity * * * reward, young and old Xian Yi, so it can be widely circulated among artists and folk. Han Xiaochuang was almost a household name in Shenyang in the late Qing Dynasty, and was known to all women and children.
Xiaofeng, alias Xilin, surnamed Guarga (Guan), a native of Huangqi, Manchuria, was originally from Changbai, Jilin, and later moved to Liaobinta Village, Xinmin County. Born in the first year of Daoguang (182 1), he died in the 12th year of Guangxu (1886).
Xi Xiaofeng lost his fame when he was young, but he entered the county with a weak crown (the ancient man was crowned at the age of 20) (the ancient official school). He was good at poetry and calligraphy and failed in several imperial examinations. In the 29th year of Daoguang (1849), the tribute was lifted. Because Xi Xiaofeng is proficient in Manchu, he soon got a Manchu teaching assistant. In the twelfth year of Tongzhi (1873), he was promoted to be the assistant of Dali Temple Cheng (criminal officer) and worked in Beijing. Later, he worked as a magistrate in a county in Zhili (now Hebei). In the 11th year of Guangxu (1885), he resigned and returned to his hometown, and died the following year at the age of 66.
Xi Xiaofeng's works include four volumes of Poems, which were printed in Wentongshan House in Shengjing in the 14th year of Guangxu reign (1888). * * * Received 4 19 of his poems, and the first title of each volume was written by Bai Xilin Xiaofeng. In addition, in the Spring Lantern Collection published by Shenyang Dudong Lithography Bureau, there are also riddles created by him. Xi Xiaofeng's "Princess Yi Zhen" tells the story of the bell ringing in the Jiange of Xuanzong in the Tang Dynasty, which is regarded as the highest creation of the book. Legend has it that Xiaofeng wrote it to mourn the tears of Mrs. Wang. He expressed his deep affection through the sincere love between Li Longji and Yang Guifei in the Tang Dynasty.
Xi Xiaofeng's calligraphy is still very good. In the old days, in the east of Dashengmen (now south gate), the plaque of a watch shop was written by Xi Xiaofeng, and the brushwork was round.
Miao Lindong, also known as Lindong, also known as Rungu and Yumu, was successively named Mr. Down and Out, Mr. Claw Creek Fisherman and the owner of the Light Hall by posthumous title. In the late Qing Dynasty, people in Shenyang generally called him Miao Hanlin. Born in the first year of Xianfeng in Qing Dynasty (185 1), he died in Jinan in the 28th year of the Republic of China (1939). A native of Zhengbaiqi of Shenyang Han Army, he was a scholar in the 18th year of Guangxu (1892). He had lived in Shenyang for forty-two years before he went to middle school. In his later years, he was a good friend of Han Xiaochuang and Xi Xiaofeng. During the reign of Tongzhi and Guangxu in Qing Dynasty, Liaodong was once crowned with poetry and prose. He was one of the founders of Huilan Poetry Society in the third year of Guangxu and a shareholder of Huiwenshan House. After learning, he became imperial academy's Jishi Shu (a scholar who is good at calligraphy). Jishi Shu) is a person who offers general management courses in the Imperial Academy. Then, he was appointed Minister of Family Affairs. Later, he went to Linzhou, Zhili Prefecture, Linqing, Shandong Province as an alternate magistrate.
Miao's works include: Han Guangtang Poetry Collection, Shenyang Poetry, Miscellaneous Notes of Accompanying the Capital, Rules of Legal Assignment, Mystery Selection, etc. Many books have also been published in the world, such as Jin Shui Ci (to commemorate his wife's death in middle age) and Tian Jinglu (Dong Fangshuo scolds his life). In addition, at the age of 7l, he also compiled the manuscript of Snow Bridge based on his great-grandfather Miao Gongen's Meng He's Selection of Iraq, America and Shi Chao.
Miao looked ordinary when she was a child, but she was smart in appearance. When he first went to a private school, other students could recite a sacred amethyst in just three to five days, but he couldn't recite half of it in ten days. But when it comes to quizzes, other students often only recite but can't write. He can not only recite once, but also write every word. The teacher asked him, "Why do you remember your endorsement more than others?" He replied, "I not only recite with my eyes and mouth, but also with my ears and hands." My eyes and my mouth are forgotten, but my ears and my hands still have memories, so it is slow and effective. "
Shang Yazhen, a famous calligrapher in the late Qing Dynasty, was associated with Miao because they were all children of the Eight Banners. Miao Lindong loves calligraphy. Every time Shang Yazhen went to Miao's home, she saw him sweating and practicing block letters. Over time, he was nicknamed "Mr. Anyway". Miao Lindong doesn't mind because he has his own ideas. He once told people, "Words talk about character and character, and character shows basic skills, so a person is born stupid and should work hard on basic skills." During the Guangxu period, his calligraphy made great progress, not only in regular script but also in cursive script, and he became a famous calligrapher in Shenyang. Miao's calligraphy is close to Ouyang Xiu's and belongs to the cabinet. His style and style strive to be classical and heavy.
Miao's creative activities began at the age of fourteen, and by the age of twenty-six, he not only wrote a lot of poems, but also completed two monographs, Shenyang and Miscellanies of Jingshi. Although these two books are different in form, one is a collection of poems and the other is a local chronicle, they both reflect and record the places of interest, customs and customs of Shenyang in the late Qing Dynasty, and become extremely valuable local documents for future generations to understand and study the history, society, cultural relics, culture and folk customs of Shenyang in the late Qing Dynasty.
Miao was also the most famous riddle writer in Shenyang during the reign of Tongzhi and Guangxu. The mystery he did was very artistic. His riddles >: written in the eighth year of Guangxu (1882), is his early work, with 169 riddles, which are not similar to other riddles. Here are a few examples: (1) 69 (for example), the answer is: seven ups and downs. (2) This house (a sentence from Wen Song), the answer: The Taishou claimed to be also (Zuiweng Pavilion). (3) Flying Spring Hanging Blue Peak (playing a piano piece), the answer: high mountains and flowing water (Yu Boya piano piece). Obviously, he did it all by himself. Miao's Mystery Selection is not only a famous collection of mystery novels in Shenyang, but also a precious historical material of local literature.
In the third year of Guangxu (1877), Han Xiaochuang initiated the formal establishment of a poetry club, and officially made the name of Huilan poetry club public. In the tenth year of Guangxu (1884), celebrities such as He, Rong Wenda, Shang Yazhen, Zeng and others gathered again, which revived the poetry club.
Miao Zhong went to Beijing several times to catch the exam after winning the juren, but they all failed in the list. Later, he was rented to the Eight Kings Temple, worked hard behind closed doors for three years, and then went to Beijing to take the exam. Finally, in the 18th year of Guangxu (1892), he was admitted to Jinshi at the age of 42.
When Miao Lindong talked about himself in his later years, he said: "A certain person is actually an ordinary person, and he has never been superior. So it is not difficult to get married, but it depends on hard work and seriousness. " This is his summary of his life.