Calligraphy and painting maintenance:
Calligraphy and painting belong to a particularly delicate category of antiques. It is expensive because it is a pure work of art, and some celebrity calligraphy and painting are rare treasures.
Because the materials of calligraphy and painting works are all fibrous paper and silk, acidic substances such as animal glue, starch and paste are added when making paper or mounting calligraphy and painting, calligraphy and painting works will become moldy, moth-eaten, faded, yellow, aged and brittle after being exposed to moisture, light and heat. It can be seen that mastering the maintenance of calligraphy and painting is very helpful for collecting calligraphy and painting.
When collecting calligraphy and painting, don't touch the works directly with your hands. Wear gloves to prevent the calligraphy and painting from being polluted by sweat and scratched by your nails. Avoid direct sunlight when appreciating calligraphy and painting. Calligraphy and painting should not be opened and closed too hard.
If there are creases, you can spray some water on the back of the calligraphy and painting to make it wet, then stick it on the glass to dry or iron it with a low-temperature iron to eliminate the creases.
If calligraphy and painting are stained by dirt, ink, grease, etc. They should be cleaned. Under normal circumstances, as long as you gently wipe off the unclean things with a soft brush or brush.
If the stain is serious, it can be partially wet washed. Wipe off stains with a cotton ball or brush dipped in some detergent, and blot the liquid with blotting paper at any time. Finally, dip the residual cleaning agent in clear water, and be careful when operating, so as not to damage the painting and calligraphy.
In order to prevent the calligraphy and painting from mildew and moth-eaten, disinfection can be carried out. One way is to fumigate with germicidal insecticides, and the other way is to put mildew-proof and bactericidal paper in calligraphy and painting, which also has good results.
If there are holes, cracks or flaws in the picture of calligraphy and painting, they can be repaired. The method is to stick a patch paper with similar texture and color to the old calligraphy and painting at the place to be patched, and the interface should be even. After drying, it should be leveled repeatedly with pebbles to avoid showing repair marks.
If the color of the restored paper is still in contrast with that of the original calligraphy and painting, it can be wetted with tea or pigment to achieve harmonious tone. Finally, use the same pen and ink and techniques to connect the missing pens in the picture.
Extended data:
The characteristics of calligraphy and painting:
China's calligraphy and painting have a profound historical origin. What is China's calligraphy and painting? Even if you use thousands of words, you can't tell clearly. China's calligraphy and painting is an art worshipped by westerners. It is said that the characteristics of China's traditional painting and calligraphy are more profound and magical than western painting. China's traditional paintings and calligraphy do not pay attention to perspective, the change of light and color of objects in nature, and the similarity of objects' appearance.
But more emphasis is placed on expressing the author's subjective feelings. China's paintings and calligraphy pay attention to "expressive form" and pursue the feeling that "beauty lies between similarity and dissimilarity", and "absolute similarity is by no means the truth of things like people" (Xu Beihong's famous saying).
Western painting, on the other hand, pays attention to "writing by form". Of course, in the process of creation, we also pay attention to the expression of "God", but western painting pays great attention to the integrity and generality of the picture. Some people say that western painting is an art of "reappearance" and China painting and calligraphy is an art of "expression".
Compared with western painting, China's calligraphy and painting also has its own unique characteristics, which are manifested in its artistic techniques, artistic classification, composition, pen and ink, color setting and so on. China's calligraphy and painting can be divided into three forms according to artistic techniques: meticulous brushwork, freehand brushwork and concurrent brushwork.
Using a pen means that the brush is neat and delicate, and the color is applied layer by layer. The details are as small as Ming Che's, and objects are depicted with extremely delicate brushstrokes, so they are "meticulous". Compared with meticulous brushwork, "freehand brushwork" uses bold and concise pen and ink to describe the shape and spirit of objects and express the author's feelings.
It is necessary to have a high degree of generalization ability, exquisite artistic conception with twice the result with half the effort, accurate writing, skillful writing, handy and to the point. The form of part-time writing is the comprehensive application of meticulous brushwork and freehand brushwork.
From the classification of art, China's paintings and calligraphy can be divided into landscapes, flowers and birds, and figure paintings, mainly according to the different objects depicted.
China's paintings and calligraphy also have their own characteristics in composition, pen, ink and color. The composition of China's paintings and calligraphy generally does not follow the golden section of western paintings, and it is either a long scroll or a vertical axis. There is no fixed format for the aspect ratio.
But it can well express the special artistic conception and the author's subjective interest. At the same time, China's calligraphy and painting and western painting are different in perspective. Perspective is the term of painting, that is, when painting, all objects are correctly represented on the plane, so that it has a sense of space and three-dimensional sense. This method is called perspective.
Because the phenomenon of perspective is that the near is big and the far is small, it is often called the "near-far method".
Western painting generally pays attention to perspective, just like taking pictures with a camera. China's paintings and calligraphy are not necessarily fixed on a foothold, nor are they limited by a fixed vision. It can move its foothold to paint according to the author's feelings and needs, and show the visible and invisible scenery in the works, which is not limited by seasonal boundaries. This scattered multi-point perspective is not found in western painting.
Pen and ink is an important part of China's painting and calligraphy modeling. Pay attention to thickness, slowness, frustration, turning, Fiona Fang and other changes to express the texture of objects with pens. The ancients summed up the application method of eighteen strokes of lines.
Pay attention to the mutual use of hook, ink, ink and ink, and rationally allocate dry, wet, thick, light and black. The beauty of ink used in China's calligraphy and painting lies in the combination of shades, which are wonderful but not stagnant, but not dull. The shades are distinct, and the shades are the strongest, and the shades are slightly dull, which has the characteristics of flexible pen use.
For example, Mo Lian, painted by Li Kuchan, a contemporary painter, is incisive and unrestrained. The red plums in Zhu Xuanxian are extremely warm, unrestrained, quaint, tolerant and magnificent. China's calligraphy and painting have many similarities in tools and brushstrokes, and they have forged an indissoluble bond. The ancients have long said that "calligraphy and painting are of the same origin."
However, there are also differences between the two. Calligraphy is changeable, especially cursive script, which is better than painting, and the ink used in painting is rich and colorful, surpassing calligraphy. The word pen and ink is considered as the general term of China's painting and calligraphy techniques. It is not only a means to shape the image, but also has independent aesthetic value.
China's calligraphy and painting also have their own emphases. All pigments are mostly natural minerals or animal shell powder, which is wind-resistant and sun-resistant and has a long service life. The coloring method is mostly flat painting, which pursues the effect of the inherent color of the object and rarely changes the light and shadow.
Baidu Encyclopedia _ Calligraphy and Painting