Zhuangzi said, "I am so wise that I can see a hundred paces away, but I can't see myself. Wang Zhibing was defeated by Qin Jin and lost hundreds of miles. The soldier is very weak.
Qiao Zhuang is stealing from the territory, and officials can't ban it. So is this political chaos. The king is weak and chaotic, and he is not under the state of Yue. If he wants to attack the state of Yue, this wisdom is beyond his eyes. "
Wang naizhi. The difficulty of a bosom friend lies not in seeing others, but in seeing yourself.
So I said, "I'll see for myself." -"Han Feizi Yu Lao" translation: If you want to crusade against Yue, exhort: "Why does your majesty crusade against Yue?" Zhuang Wang replied: "Because of the political chaos in Vietnam, the soldiers have poor combat effectiveness. "
Du Zi said, "I'm worried that knowledge is like eyes. Eyes can see a hundred paces away, but they can't see their eyelashes. The King of Qi was defeated by Qin Jin and lost hundreds of miles of land. This is the weakness of military combat effectiveness.
Zhuang Xia is a robber in Chu, endangering the people, but officials can't catch him. This is political chaos. The king is politically chaotic and weak, and it seems that he is not under the state of Yue, but he wants to crusade against the state of Yue. This shows that the king's knowledge is like that eye (he can see others, but he can't see himself). "
King Zhuang canceled the military action. It can be seen that a person's wisdom lies not in his ability to evaluate others, but in his ability to correctly evaluate himself, so he said, "What can evaluate himself is called wisdom."
This story illustrates the truth that "knowing people is easy, knowing people is difficult", which is the only way to deal with people. You should know other multiple-choice questions.
2. Reading answers in classical Chinese refer to both the original text and the translated text for reference:
In his later years, the King of Qi summoned him, saying, "I dare not take the minister of the former king as my minister." It is said that in Xue's hometown, less than a hundred miles away, the people help the old and the young, and welcome them to the road. Meng Changjun mentioned Feng Xuan: "What your husband did is what you saw today."
Feng Xuan said: "The sly rabbit has three caves, so it is necessary to avoid its dead ears; Today you have a cave, and you lie without a high pillow. Please dig two holes for you. " Meng Changjun gave 50 chariots and 500 Jin of gold, and went west to Liang, saying, "Let his ministers go to the princes, and the princes will meet them first, and they will be rich and strong." So Liang Wang took the upper position, taking Lao Xiang as the upper general, and sent messengers to hire Meng Changjun. Feng Xuan, the pioneer, warned Meng Changjun: "A thousand dollars, heavy coins; A hundred times, it is also obvious. I heard it. " Liang did the lesser of the three evils, but stuck to his words.
Hearing this, the King of Qi and his subjects were very afraid. They sent a teacher with a kilo of gold and two chariots, took a sword and sealed a book. They thanked Meng Changjun and said, "I'm unlucky. I was worshipped by the ancestral hall and flattered by the ministers, so I'm guilty of you. I am not enough; May you care about the ancestral temple of the late king, and you will oppose national reunification! " The admonition said, "You can use the king's weapon to build a shrine in Xue first." When the temple was built, he reported to Meng Changjun: "The three caves have been built, so sit back and relax."
Meng Changjun for decades, there is no disaster of optical fiber interface, which is also Feng Xuan's plan.
translate
After the first anniversary, King Qi Zhuo said to Meng Changjun, "I dare not let my late king's courtiers be my courtiers." Go to his fief. There are hundreds of miles away from Xue, and Xue's people are on the way to meet them. Meng Changjun looked back at Feng Xuan: "I only saw the truth that Teacher Wang bought me righteousness today."
Feng Xuan said: "The clever rabbit has three holes to avoid death;" Now that you have only one hole, you can't put the pillow very high. Please let me dig two more holes for you. " Meng Changjun agreed and gave fifty cars and five hundred catties of gold. West to Wei (because the capital was moved to Liang, it was called Liang). He said to Wei Huiwang, "The State of Qi expels Minister Meng Changjun, and whoever greets him first will make the State of Qi rich and strong. King Hui gave up his position, made him a general, and sent people to send gold and 100 cars to hire Meng Changjun. Feng Xuan drove the car back first and warned Meng Changjun: "One thousand pounds of gold is a heavy dowry; A hundred cars, (this is) the envoy of dignitaries. Qi and his ministers probably heard about it. Wei made three trips back and forth and refused to go.
When King Qi Gui heard the news, the king and his subjects were very afraid. He sent a teacher (the official who assisted the monarch, second only to the teacher) with 1000 kilograms of gold, two literary vehicles (a four-horse) and a sword, sealed the letter and apologized to Meng Changjun, saying, "I am unlucky and I am convinced that I have suffered the disaster of my ancestors." I don't deserve your help. I hope you will take care of the ancestral temple of the former King of Qi and return to Beijing to govern the people of the whole country. "Feng Xuan warned Meng Changjun:" I hope (you) let the King of Qi give the sacrificial vessels handed down by the former king and build an ancestral temple in the snow (the classical emphasis is on the ancestral temple, and if there is an ancestral temple of the former king in the snow, the King of Qi must protect it, so that Meng Changjun's position will be further consolidated). Feng Xuan returned to Meng Changjun and said to the achievements of the ancestral temple, "Now that the three caves have been built, you can have a good rest." . "
Meng Changjun has been prime minister for decades without any misfortune. (This is all due to) Feng Xuan's scheme.
3. In classical Chinese, there is an action behind the subject-predicate relationship, which is between the subject and the predicate. -That's right. If the word "zhi" is followed by an adjective and the subject is modified before the word "zhi", it is not an auxiliary word between the subject and the predicate. According to what you said, it should belong to the situation of attributive postposition. At this time, the word "zhi" is the sign of the postposition of the attribute, such as: 1, the horse is thousands of miles away (Ma Shuo) 2, the stone is loud (Shi Zhongshan Ji) 3, the earthworm has no minions, and its bones and muscles are strong (advise to learn). None of the examples you cited are like this, because they are not attributive post-sentences.
4. What does it mean in classical Chinese? (2) the original meaning is the same [tell]
Say, report. -"Shuo Wen"
People call it Hoxhorn. -The Biography of Han Huo Guang. Note: "Tell me."
Empress Dowager Cixi clearly refers to the left and right. -"Warring States Policy Zhao Ce"
It's called An Lingjun-The Warring States Policy Wei Ce
Tang Ju said.
It is called an island. -Song Huzai's "Tiaoxi Fishing Hidden from Conghua"
Say [say]
Say it, say it too. -"Guangya Interpretation II"
I don't know what the world is like, and people's hearts can't be described by xi. -"Chu Ci, Chapter Nine, Huai Sha"
Please go to Xiang Bo and tell him that Pei Gong dare not carry Wang Ye. -"Historical Records of Xiang Yu"
Not wise. -"Lost of Mozi"
It can't be described as benevolence.
Disloyal.
It can't be described as knowing the class.
It is said that the sky is too high to lose. -Poetic Xiaoya
In the past, the so-called "constancy is like a person". -Wang Ming Shimin's Self-Painting Guan Shijun Yuan Huanzhong (Yuan Keli Zi)
(4) Comments on ...
The son said that his son was cheap: "A gentleman is like a man!" -The Analects of Confucius
(5) the name is [name; Call]
It is also called text. -The Analects of Confucius
This is called three horizontal. -"Shi Shuo Xin Yu Rehabilitation"
(Yuan Keli) A man is called a man, and he is well dressed. -Ni Ming Luyuan's "Yuan Jie Huan Fu Xiang Zan"
It's called Tianmen. -Qing Yao is "Mount Tai"
It's called Tianmen.
(6) Another example: What is (what is called); title
Think, think
This is called loyalty. -The Three Kingdoms and Zhuge Liang Biography
They are all dead. -"Shi Shuo Xin Yu Rehabilitation"
Who is the satrap? -Song Ouyang Xiu's Drunk Pavilion
It's called chrysanthemum -Song Zhou Dunyi's Love Lotus
Two sets of anxiety, just the man (Yuan Keli) is crazy. -Huang Ming Daozhou "Festival Atlas Yuan Gong Chuan"
Expect, expect
Doesn't mean Yan Ting has this son. -"Tang Yulin"
Aid [help]
Therefore, the festival is in the body and is called the people. -"The Spring and Autumn Annals of Yan Zi"
(10) passes "for (wèi)". Equivalent to "[be]"
If you don't quit when you are drunk, it's called moral degeneration and leaving a bad sample. -"Poetry Xiaoya Bing's First Banquet"
Meaning; Meaning [meaning] For example, what is it?
Pass "for". Because [because]
It doesn't mean that people's views are not easy to change their appearance. -"Liezi"
Increased art is also born of reason. -"Everything is done, Jielao"
A person who is not in his position is unhappy. -"salt and iron theory, worrying about the country"
5. Lu Zhi's classical Chinese reading answers Yuan You ① At the beginning, Grain Rain ② traveled to the Baofan Temple in Shi Jing with Mo Po and Qian Mufu. After dinner, the valley wrote cursive scripts and counted papers, which Dongpo praised very much. Mu Fu said aside, "Lu Zhi's words are close to vulgarity." The valley said, "Why?" Mu Fu said: "No one else, but I have never seen the original Huai Su." Gu Xin was rather suspicious and refused to walk grass from now on. I lived in Fuling (4) in the winding sage (3), and the first time I saw Huai Su's autobiography was in Shiyang. Because of this, I have to go home. I'm tired of it. From then on, I had an epiphany and began to write, which was completely different from what I had written before Yuan You. At first, I believed what Mu Fu said was true. Mu Fu had been dead for a long time. Therefore, Gu Taste is Fuling cursive script, but I hate Mu Lady for not seeing it. (Selected from Zeng Minxing's Lonely Wake Magazine)
Note 1 yuan: Lai Zhezong and Zhao Xunian. ② Valley: Huang Tingjian, Lu Zhi, a Taoist priest in the Valley, was one of the "four great calligraphers in the Song Dynasty". The following "Qian Mufu" and "Shi Changxiu" are all names. ③ Fewer births: Zhao Xu title of Song Xizong. ④ Fuling: Place name. ⑤ Huai Su: A great calligrapher in Tang Dynasty, famous for Weeds. The existing book readme has a great influence on later generations. ⑤ ⑤: Same as ⑤ ⑤. ⑦ True or false: true.
1. For underlined sentences in the text, use "/"to divide the reading rhythm. (Draw only one place)
This is quite different from Yuan You's previous book.
2. Explain the bold words in the text.
(1) Go ahead: ()
(2) From: ()
3. Talk about the meaning of "So Gu tastes like Fuling cursive script, and I hate my father for not seeing it".
___________________________________________________________________________
4. Which two words in the text clearly express Gu's views on Mu Fu?
___________________________________________________________________________
5. What are the three important reasons for changing from "being vulgar" to "writing quickly"? Please summarize according to the information in the article.
___________________________________________________________________________
Question type: reading comprehension and appreciation difficulty: intermediate source: synchronous question
Answer (find the homework answer -->>；; On the Rubik's Cube)
1. This is different from Yuan You's previous books.
2.( 1) End (finish, stop); (2) Follow
3. So Gu once thought that he got the true meaning of cursive script in Fuling. Unfortunately, Mu Fu didn't see his own calligraphy.
4. doubt; Letter; A sign of loneliness in a foreign land (the same meaning)
5.( 1) Qian Mufu's criticism and guidance; (2) I got Huai Su's post "Talking to myself"; (3) own efforts
6. Translation and Q&A of "Self-View" Read the classical Chinese "Self-View" after the senior high school entrance examination.
Han Fei
When attacking Yue State, Zhuangzi protested: Why did Wang attack Yue State? Say: political chaos is weak. Zhuangzi said: "I am mentally ill. I can see from a hundred paces away, but I can't see with my eyes." . Wang Zhibing was defeated by Qin Jin and lost hundreds of miles. The soldier is very weak. Zhuang Ti (3) because of stealing in China, but officials can't ban it, which makes politics chaotic. The king is weak and chaotic, and he wants to cut Yue. This kind of wisdom is as good as his eyes. Wang naizhi. The difficulty of a bosom friend lies not in seeing others, but in seeing yourself. So seeing yourself is Ming 4.
(selected from "Han Feizi Yu Lao")
Remarks: ① remonstrance: advise the monarch and ministers to correct their mistakes. 2 suffering: trouble. (3) Zhuang Biao: The thief of Chu is actually the leader of the people's uprising. 4 Ming: bright eyes, here refers to wisdom.
Reading training:
1. Explain the meaning of the words with bullets in the text.
(1) Mourning () (2) Forbidden () (3) See ()
2. Use/underline the correct reading rhythm of the following sentences.
The king's weakness and confusion are not under the cross.
3. Translate the following sentences.
(1) The political chaos is weak.
The translation is: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.
(2) It is difficult to know a friend, not to meet people, but to see yourself.
The translation is: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.
You can see a hundred paces away, but you can't see yourself. What does this sentence mean?
A: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.
5. How did Zhuangzi discourage the attack on Yue?
A: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.
Reference answer:
1.( 1) Loss (2) Suppression and prohibition (3) Understanding (2) Wang's weakness/non-aggression; 3.( 1) Internal chaos and weak military strength. (2) Therefore, the difficulty in knowing things lies not in knowing others, but in knowing yourself. This sentence means that you can't only see the shortcomings of others, but not your own. 5. Combining the reality of the two countries, we should be persuasive, use children's spears and attack shields, so that Chu Zhuangwang's reasons will be broken.
Translation:
Chu Zhuangwang wanted to crusade against Yue, and Zhuangzi urged, "Why did your majesty crusade against Yue?" ? The king of Chu said: Their politics are chaotic and their army is weak. Zhuangzi said, I'm afraid wisdom is like eyes. I can see things a hundred paces away, but I can't see my eyelashes. Your Majesty, your army has lost hundreds of miles of land since it was defeated by Qin Jin. This is the weakness of the army. Miao Zhuang has become a thief in our country, but officials can't stop him. This is political chaos. Your majesty's political chaos, weak army, not under the state of Yue, want to crusade against the state of Yue. This is wisdom, just like eyes. The king of Chu stopped his crusade against Yue. Therefore, the difficulty in understanding one thing lies not in knowing others, but in knowing yourself. Therefore, it is wise to know yourself and yourself.
7. "Cangzhou Wine, which Mr. Ruan Ting calls Magu Wine" Read the answer to the original poem and translation. Do you know if it is true? Author: Read the following classical Chinese and complete 9~ 12 questions.
Cangzhou wine, which Mr Ruan Ting called "Magu wine", was not called by the natives. It has been famous for a long time, but there are quite similarities and differences between commentators.
All the boats are sold by shops on the shore, and the flour and rice brewed in the village is not necessarily good. Civil air defense wants nothing, and refuses officials with real wine. Although it refuses to pay, it will not pay ten times its price.
Cangzhou government can't get a drop, he knows. Its wine can't be brewed by ordinary people, and it must be given and received by the hometown to get its season and climate.
Although the water is taken from Weihe River, Liu Huang can't drink it as wine, but he must take it downstairs in Nanchuan. For example, Jinshan adopts the method of river spring, sinks to the bottom of the river with tin merchants, takes clear water from the ground, and then is washed away. Its storage is afraid of cold and heat, wet and steaming, and it will taste bad if it is committed.
Its newcomer is not very good, and it will be kept in the cupboard for ten years. It is the top grade, and one trader can reach four pieces of hardware. However, many people are ashamed to sell gifts to each other.
There are very few people with other surnames such as Dai, Lu, Liu and Wang, and the ratio is greater than zero, and there are very few winemakers. Or transport it to other places, whether it's a shoulder, a car or a boat, shake it and the taste will change.
It will be quiet for half a month after arrival, and the taste is complicated. When filling the pot with drinks, level it with a shovel; The taste will change after a few strokes, and it will recover after a few days of clarification.
Yao angong once said: drinking pale wine is forbidden, and you have to drink it before and after the flower, which really fills your troubles; It is better to send a small vertical line to sell at will and adapt. Cover this, too
The method to verify its authenticity: the person brewed by Nanchuan Loushui is extremely drunk, but his diaphragm does not do evil, and he does not get sick after drinking the next day, but his limbs are comfortable. However, those brewed from Weihe River are not.
New test method: anyone who has been in the cabinet for two years can warm up again; Ten years, ten times the temperature remains the same, and eleven times the taste changes. The temperature will change in one year, and the three temperatures in two years will change. I can't borrow it, and I don't know why.
Dong Qujiang's uncle thought of Ren, who was the most alcoholic. When I was grazing in Cangzhou, I knew that Jiajiu should not be an official, and I tried my best to persuade him, but people refused to make an exception.
After he was dismissed from office, he went to Cangzhou and lived in Li Jinshi's Swedish home, but he did his best. He said sharply, "I deeply regret that I didn't dismiss my official earlier."
Although this is a temporary joke, it also shows that the best of Cang wine is hard to come by. (Selected from Ji Yun's Notes on Yuewei Caotang in Qing Dynasty, with some changes) 9. Incorrect explanations for the words added in the following sentences are: A. They are all sold in shops on the shore: Shop B. Shame on vendors: Selling C. Don't get sick with alcohol the next day: Damage, injury D. Ruidian Store in Li Jinshi: Live at 10.
In the following sentences, the meaning and usage of the added words are the same: a. But the commentator is quite similar, and now he is home. B. Take the tin merchants who sank to the bottom of the river as the "world theory". C. once the quantity is fixed, the taste will change. This will also change the grand view of Yueyang Tower. D. high terrain is natural, and the east river is also fierce. The following six sentences are divided into four groups. It is rare to be afraid of dampness and steaming, so it is especially rare to shake it and change its taste. Although they are very drunk, the diaphragm will not do evil and will not get sick the next day. People will eventually refuse to break the ban. A. 134B.245C. 136D.256 12。 For the understanding and analysis of the relevant contents of the original text, the following statements are incorrect: A. Cangzhou wine has a long reputation. B. Cangzhou wine is not brewed by ordinary people. It must be passed down from generation to generation, so as to grasp the key link between water and fire.
C. Yao An generally believes that drinking Cangzhou wine is too taboo and not worth the candle. It is better to let the child buy a pot of wine at will, which will make him feel happier.
D. Dong Qujiang's uncle Dong Siren likes drinking very much. When he was a magistrate in Cangzhou, he knew that good wine should not be enjoyed by the government until he was dismissed from office. 13. Translate underlined sentences in classical Chinese reading materials into modern Chinese.
(10) (1) Civil air defense demands bribes for nothing, and refuses to pay compensation with real wine. Although it refused to pay compensation, it refused to pay ten times its price. (4 points) ② The temperature changes immediately in one year and immediately in two years. You can't use it as an excuse, so you can't know why.
(4 points) (3) Although this is a temporary joke, it also shows that the best of Cang wine is hard to come by. (2 points) Reference answer: (12 points) 9.c10.a1.b12.d13.
(10) (1) In order to prevent the government from levying wine endlessly, the local people agreed not to sell the authentic Cangzhou wine to the government. Even if it is beaten, it will not be taken out, and it will not be sold for ten times the price.
Scoring standard: 4 points, each sentence 1 point, one translation error 1 point; Bad deduction 1 point. (2) Wine stored for one year will change its taste after being heated twice; Two years later, the taste changed after three warm times; You can't forge anything. Nobody knows why.
Scoring standard: 4 points, each sentence 1 point, one translation error 1 point; Bad deduction 1 point. (3) Although this is a temporary joke, it is enough to see that the wine in Cangzhou is really bad to drink! Scoring standard: 2 points, each sentence 1 point, one translation error 1 point; Bad deduction 1 point.