Emperor's watch in Qing dynasty
qing dynasty emperor
1, Shunzhi
The emperor shunzhi Fu Lin was the first emperor after entering the Qing Dynasty. He is the ninth son of Huang taiji, born in Chongde for three years (1638), and ascended the throne in Shenyang on August 2, eight years, and was transferred to Shunzhi.
18. He died in the eighteenth year of Shunzhi (166 1), aged 24.
After Shunzhi ascended the throne, his uncle Dourgen assisted him. In the seventh year of Shunzhi, Dourgen went hunting and died outside the Great Wall. 14-year-old Fu Lin took over the government ahead of schedule. The emperor shunzhi is talented and studious, so he should absorb it first.
The advanced Han culture, judging the situation, is more open to the legal system, regardless of the opposition of the pro-expensive ministers of the Qing Dynasty, relying heavily on Han officials. In order to make the emerging ruling foundation stable for a long time, he borrowed the rise and fall of the Ming Dynasty.
Make an example for others, beware of eunuchs' cronies, pay attention to rectifying official management, pay attention to having fun with the people, and take it in moderation. However, he is young, headstrong and irritable. When his beloved Dong Fei died, he turned against it.
Worried about the country and the people, I finally hurried through a short life course and died young. He is the only emperor in history of qing dynasty who openly converted to Zen.
2. Kangxi
Emperor Kangxi, named Michelle Ye, the third son of Shunzhi, was born in the 11th year of Shunzhi (1654 May 4th). The longest reigning emperor in China was 6 1 year.
Kangxi was studious and proficient in everything since he was a child. In a series of military actions, such as destroying worship, excluding San Francisco, unifying Taiwan Province Province, and pacifying Junggar rebellion, he either personally expedition or won the battle.
, fully demonstrated his military talent. Carefully selecting talents, praising honest officials, repairing rivers and attracting Han intellectuals also showed that Kangxi was an excellent politician and a wise monarch.
Compared with Michelle Ye's political life, his family life is not happy, and the struggle between governors for the position has made him haggard.
Although Michelle Ye thinks he is a good emperor who works hard and cares about people's livelihood. Of course, as a great man who stood in front of the historical trend and guided the country and the nation to advance rapidly, he was much inferior.
3. Yongzheng
Yong Zhengdi Yin Zhen was born in the 17th year of Kangxi (1678), the fourth son of Kangxi. In 6 1 year of Kangxi, 45-year-old Yin Zhen succeeded to the throne, and in 13, he ascended the throne and died in Yuanmingyuan. Temple number sejong.
Yin Zhen stepped onto the historical stage in the form of social stagnation in the early prosperous period of Kangxi-the last year of Kangxi. The complicated social contradictions provide Yin Zhen with opportunities to display his ambitions and talents. he
A number of major reforms have been implemented step by step, with great foresight and unremitting efforts. 13 years has achieved fruitful results and laid a solid foundation for future generations.
So that the "Kanggan Shengshi" reached its peak in the Qianlong period. His historical position is not inferior to Naifu Kangxi and Naizi Gan Long. Although he is suspicious, mean and ungrateful, and his rule is also very harsh, but
Compared with his performance, it is secondary after all.
4. Qianlong
Li Hong was born in the 50th year of Kangxi (17 1 1) and died in the 4th year of Jiaqing (1799). He was the fourth son of Yongzheng, who reigned for 60 years. After abdicating, he became the emperor's father for three years, aged 89.
At the beginning of Qianlong's accession to the throne, he implemented the policy of combining leniency with severity, was pragmatic enough for the country, paid attention to farming and mulberry, stopped donating money, quelled the rebellion and other activities, which fully reflected his martial arts for Wen Zhi and the instructions of Emperor Qianlong.
Mu Shan is a famous collector of cultural relics, riding and shooting, and his pen and ink remain in the north and south of the river. Most of the paintings and calligraphy in the Qing Dynasty were collected by him, and the Sikuquanshu compiled during his reign received 3503 books.
Species, 79337 volumes, 36304 volumes, the number of volumes is three times that of Yongle Dadian, and it has become a master of China's ancient ideological and cultural heritage.
However, in his later years, the life of Qianlong was extravagant, the treasury was exhausted, and corrupt officials and gentry were reused, so that peasant uprisings appeared in his later years, which was a sign that the Qing Dynasty turned from prosperity to decline.
5. Jiaqing
Emperor Jiaqing was the fifteenth son of Emperor Gaozong Li Hong of the Qing Dynasty. Born in the 25th year of Qianlong (1760), he made Jia a prince in the 54th year, and became king in the 60th year of Qianlong, renamed Jiaqing, and reigned for 25 years. die by
Twenty-five years of Jiaqing (1820), 6 1 year. The name of the temple is Renzong.
Emperor Jiaqing was a diligent and prudent monarch. A series of policies and measures he adopted after he took office played a certain role in changing all kinds of disadvantages in the late Qianlong period, but it was not and could not be.
It can fundamentally reverse the decline of the Qing dynasty. Personally, I think that Emperor Jiaqing has never been able to prescribe the right medicine for the growing corruption and laziness. He can only treat a large number of bureaucrats who "protect their positions"
Warnings, threats, and finally nothing else. He has a certain understanding of the invasion of western colonialists, but it is impossible to really deal with an ancient feudal country that is weakening day by day.
Foreign invaders can only slide down the road of decline.
6. Daoguang
Mianning, Daoguang Emperor, was the sixth emperor after entering the Qing Dynasty. Born in the forty-seventh year of Qianlong (1782 September 16), he died in the fourteenth day of the first month of the thirtieth year of Daoguang. After 30 years in office, he is 69 years old. The Emperor's posthumous title
Xuanzong, bury Muling.
Daoguang Emperor with average intelligence is famous for his frugality. He is at the critical moment of the historical turning point, "keeping constant and not knowing change." Opium poisoning from the southeast sea and the British invasion made him sleepless.
Uneasy. He wanted to ban smoking severely and made up his mind to fight the invaders, but he didn't know where Britain came from or what colonialism was. Usually, you don't know who you are, you don't have an emergency plan when you are in danger, and you even defend yourself.
I am at a loss, have no strategy, and can only sigh in self-pity. As a result, I accepted the alliance of Britain under the city and signed the first unequal treaty in modern history-the Sino-British Jiangning Treaty.
Daoguang has been in power for 30 years. Chaogang is arbitrary and hands-on, but internal affairs, such as official management, river engineering, grain transportation and smoking ban, have not improved. It is a tragedy of his life that he worked hard but achieved nothing.
Where is it?
7. Pioneer
Yining, the emperor of Xianfeng, was born in Yuanmingyuan, Beijing in the 11th year of Daoguang (183 1 July 17). Xianfeng died in the eleventh year (186 1 August 22nd). In office 1 1 year.
When Xianfeng ascended the throne, the Taiping Rebellion led by Hong Xiuquan broke out in Jintian Village in front of Zijing Mountain in Guangxi. Then came the battle between the British and French allied forces, forcing Xianfeng to flee to Chengde, Jehol. Xianfeng zai
1 1 year, people's resentment boiled and they gave up without a fight. "The whole situation is out of control." He often lingers in the middle of the night, helpless, so he indulges himself. Two days before his death, he also sent a message "for example.
Yizhou flowers sing as usual. "
Emperor Xianfeng, who was ambitious and brilliant, was trapped in the frame of his ancestors, but finally failed to cross a threshold and went to the world with endless worries.
8. Tongzhi
Tongzhi Emperor Zai Chun is the only son of Xianfeng and Yehenara. Born in Xianfeng for six years (1856). Twelve years of tongzhi. He died the following year. 19. The name of the temple is Mu Zong.
14 During the Tongzhi period, the Qing government relied on Zeng Guofan, Li Hongzhang, Zuo and other important officials to suppress a series of peasant uprisings such as the Taiping Rebellion. I also made some.
The so-called "Westernization New Deal". But none of this has much to do with the Tongzhi emperor. The ruler at that time was actually Cixi. Zai Chun was an urchin when he was a child. After leading the government, he became a politician
The young emperor really failed to live up to the ardent expectations of the people in and out of government. He died of smallpox after two years in power.
9. Guangxu
Emperor Guangxu was born in Chunwangfu, Taiping Lake, Xuanwu Gate, Beijing in the tenth year of Tongzhi (187 1 August, 14). His father Huan Yi is the seventh son of Daoguang Emperor, and his mother is Cixi's sister. This is special.
His family environment made him appointed emperor after Tongzhi's death. He reigned for 34 years and died in Guangxu 13th year at the age of 38. He was buried in chongling, Yixian County, Hebei Province.
Emperor Guangxu was in office 19 years old. He is full of young people's enterprising spirit, willing to accept new ideas, "unwilling to be the king of national subjugation", actively supporting political reform, and once became the "savior" in the hearts of reformists.
. However, the reform endangered the interests of the feudal conservative forces and was blocked by the Qing nobles, mainly Cixi. The failure of the Reform Movement of 1898 stifled the opportunity for the Qing Dynasty to change the old chapter. Emperor Guangxu didn't
Dare to break through the shackles of feudal ethics, "there are unexpected storms in the sky, and often unexpected storms", and my mood is sad, and my life is a tragic fate of humiliation and sorrow. When Eight-Nation Alliance occupied Beijing, Cixi had to hold it.
Emperor Guangxu hurried to Xi 'an. After the Boxer Rebellion, anti-Qing armed uprisings broke out one after another, and the trend of democratic revolution spread widely throughout the country, and the Qing Dynasty was on the verge of collapse.
Xuan Tong 10
Aisin Giorro Puyi was born in the 32nd year of Guangxu (1February 7th, 906) in Chunwangfu, a seaside town in Shichahai, Beijing. 19671June 17 died in Beijing at the age of 6 1. The author of My Rotation.
The first half of my life.
Three years after Xuan Tong ascended the throne, the conditions of bourgeois democratic revolution advocated by Sun Yat-sen became more and more mature, and the collapse of the Qing Dynasty was an irreversible trend. The Qing court had to rely on the widow of Emperor Yulong of Guangxu.
Empress Dowager Cixi and the last emperor Xuantong issued abdication letters in this name.
193 1 year, Puyi was swept to the northeast by the Japanese invaders. 1March, 932, became the puppet regime of Japan "Manchukuo". After the defeat of the Japanese army, he reformed his dress and served as the people of China and the national government.
Common member.
1 1, Nurhachi (emperor before entering the customs)
Nurhachi, surnamed Aisin Giorlo, was born in the thirty-eighth year of Jiajing in Ming Dynasty (1559), and was a Manchu slave in Hetuala City (Xinbin County, Liaoning Province), the left-back department of Sukesu in Jianzhou.
Master's family. In the 11th year of Wanli in Ming Dynasty (1583), Nurhachi rose indefatigably and set out with thirteen pairs of his father and ancestor A, from which he became king. He led the children of the Eight Banners to fight between Baishan and Heishui.
In the face of the enemy's fearlessness and heavy losses, he bravely defended his prestige and won the support of various ministries. It lasted for more than 30 years, unified the ministries of Jurchen, and promoted the development of Jurchen society and the formation of Manchu identity. Shi Si, Wan Li
In the fourth year (16 16), in Hetuala, Jianyuan was called Khan, and the country name was Dajin (known as Houjin in history). Nurhachi soldiers became stronger. Ten+six years of Wanli (16 18) were four years, and the "seven great hates" were sacrificed to heaven.
Swear allegiance to the Ming dynasty and start working hard for the establishment of the Qing dynasty. In the history books of the Chinese nation, his wisdom and achievements will be immortal. In the battle between Ningyuan and Ming General Yuan Chonghuan, he was defeated.
He died of injuries in August in the 11th year of Destiny (1626). At the age of 68, he was buried in the east of Shenyang, named Fuling. The name of the temple is "Taizu".
12, Huang taiji (the second emperor before entering the customs)
Eisingiro. Huang Taiji, the eighth son of Nurhachi, the founding emperor of the Qing Dynasty, was his mother Ye Henara. Huang taiji was born on October 25th in the 20th year of Wanli of Ming Dynasty (1592). Nurhachi Ningyuan
After his defeat and death, he was in the position of Jin Chanyu. /kloc-ascended the throne in 0/7, and died in Chongde of Qing Dynasty for eight years (1643). The name of the temple is Taizong.
Less than ten years after he ascended the throne, he unified the whole northeast, south to North Korea and west to Mongolia, and repeatedly defeated Daming officers and soldiers. In April of the tenth year of Tiancong (1636), it was renamed Haodi, and the Qing emperor who unified Kanto was established.
Country, renamed "Manchuria". Both capitals were shocked by his ambitious westward move. After two decisive battles between Song and Jin, the elite of the Ming army was lost. Outside Shanhaiguan, Ningyuan is the only isolated city.
Daming Mountain is in jeopardy. Huang taiji is well-read in history, broad-minded militarily, courageous and resourceful, pioneering politically, with strong national consciousness, and yearns for the prosperity of Chinese culture.
Advantages and disadvantages, courtesy to Han officials, can be said to be "the king of entrepreneurship who inherited Mao's founding and started the great plan of Qing reunification." He died on the eve of the Qing army's entry into the customs, and failed to realize his long-cherished wish to seize the national political power.
13, Cixi (listening to politics)
Cixi was born in the 15th year of Daoguang (1835165438+1October 28th), and her father was a benefactor. At the age of 22, Cixi gave birth to Zai Chun, whose mother was still a child, and was promoted to imperial concubine. The next year, she was promoted to imperial concubine, in the palace.
The status is becoming more and more obvious.
After the death of Emperor Xianfeng, Cixi staged a coup and killed Su Shun, finally realizing "listening to politics". In the next 50 years, she walked onto the podium at will, during which many countries on earth.
With the development of science and technology, the prosperity of economy and the promotion of politics, China is dominated by such a woman who is eager for power. She is lifeless and develops slowly. For her own self-interest, she can plot evil and lose everything.
Going against the trend and ignoring national interests eventually led to the collapse of the Qing Dynasty three years after her death. Moreover, the harm caused by Cixi left a heavy burden on our nation.
Brief introduction of Qing dynasty
From the first year of Shunzhi (1644) when the Qing Dynasty entered the customs, to the founding of the Republic of China in 19 12, the Qing emperor abdicated and ruled the country for 268 years.
Including two emperors before entering the customs, Nurhachi and Huang Taiji; After entering the customs 10 emperors: Shunzhi, Kangxi, Yongzheng, Qianlong, Jiaqing, Daoguang, Xianfeng, Tongzhi, Guangxu and Xuan Tong; Cixi is not an emperor.
, but arbitrary ChaoGang, also included.
The Qing Dynasty was a feudal dynasty established by the Jurchen nationality (Manchu). It was the second period in China's history when ethnic minorities ruled China after the Yuan Dynasty, and it was also the last feudalism in China.
An imperial country. From then on, China broke away from the imperial system and turned into the period of democratic revolution. The Qing dynasty was in the late feudal society, with ups and downs and changes. Its rise injected new life into feudal society.
Its decline led to the disintegration of feudal society. In this particular era, 12 is the emperor, and naturally there will be a founding emperor, a ruling emperor, a mediocre emperor and a declining emperor.