Author: Ma Zhiyuan Age: Metagenre: Sanqu
A hundred years old is like a butterfly,
It's a pity to look back.
Spring has come today, and the bright flowers have withered.
Emergency punishment: the midnight light goes out.
Qiao Mucha.
Miss Hanque, miss Qin Gong, and have been to pasture, cattle, sheep and fields.
There is nothing to say about fishing and collecting firewood.
You can't tell a dragon from a snake.
Celebrate and declare peace
How many heroes cast foxes in rabbit holes.
Three and a half legs,
Ye Wei? Gold leaf?
Plum falling wind
Heaven teaches wealth, not too much.
It's a sunny night.
Seeing that money is like iron,
Empty failed the beautiful hall.
The wind blew into the pine tree.
At present, the sun is red and the west is oblique, and the disease is downhill.
Xiao lai cleaned the mirror and increased his white hair.
Going to bed is different from wearing shoes.
Don't laugh at bird's nest, you always play dumb in the gourd.
"Keep dialing"
Fame and fortune, right and wrong.
The world of mortals does not mess with the door,
Green trees are suitable for the corner of the house.
Castle Peak fills the gap between the wall and the thatched cottage.
Leave the pavilion to eat and drink.
I'll sing Fang Ning's post,
Roosters always crow.
For fame and fortune, when is it?
Zhazha ants line up and the bees gather honey at random.
Bustling flies fight for blood.
Ling Tao Anbaili Society Peigong Lvye Hall.
People who love Qiu Lai: pick yellow flowers with dewdrops,
The purple crab is boiled with cream, and the red leaves are burned with wine.
Life is limited, how many climbing festivals are there?
Tell a urchin reporter:
Then he came to Beihai to see me, and Daodongli was drunk.
⑴ Disyllabic: Gongdiao name. Night boat: the name of Qupai. This is a set of numbers, and there are many qupai. The following "Qiao Mucha", "Qingxuan" and "Mei Feng" are all card names of Qu.
(2) Dream Butterfly: Zhuangzi's theory of everything, "The dream of Qianzhuang Zhou is a butterfly, which is vivid." ..... If I suddenly feel it, I will be surprised by it. "This sentence means that life is like a dream.
(3) Penalty of "Urgent Punishment of Lights": Order to execute the penalty of alcohol as soon as possible until the lights go out at night. Good night, good night, good night.
⑷ Qin Gong Hanque: the palace of Qin Dynasty and the mausoleum of Han Dynasty.
5. No (nèn): No, no.
(6) Dragon snake: This refers to the words engraved on the tablet. The ancients often used dragons and snakes as metaphors for flying posture. Li Bai's cursive song: "I always see the dragon and snake go far, and the left plate is stunned."
(7) casting: wait until.
⑻ "Dingzu" sentence: The situation of Wei, Shu and Wu's tripartite confrontation died halfway. Who the hell is Wei? Or gold?
A beautiful night, a beautiful day and a beautiful time.
⑽ Seeing money: The dramatist of the Yuan Dynasty tells a story about a poor man named Zhou, who became a millionaire by extremely stingy and despicable means under the gift of God, and created a stingy image-watching money slaves. A "rich boy".
⑾ Golden soup romantic: the beauty of a rich family. This sentence mocks the miser's humble taste, and there is no happiness in enjoying glory.
⑿ Add white snow: Add white hair.
[13] The bird's nest is clumsy: it shows that it is not good at making a living. The Book of Songs Zhao Nan Quechao: "Wei Que has a nest, Wei Juzhi." Zhu's note: "A clumsy bird is not a nest, so there is no one who lives in a magpie."
[14] Huluti: smearing.
⒂⒃: Cricket. Tie Ning: Calm down and be quiet.
[14] Che: End, end.
⒄ Pei Gong: Pei Du in Tang Dynasty. He lived in Dezong, Xianzong, Mu Zong, Jing Zong and Wenzong Dynasties, and spent 20 years as a security guard in the world. Seeing that the eunuch was in power and the country was in trouble, he built two villas in Luoyang, called "Green Field Hall", where he drank wine and wrote poems with Bai Juyi and Liu Yuxi.
⒅ Ling Tao: Tao Qian. Because he used to be Peng, he was called. According to legend, he once participated in the White Lotus Society organized by Hui Yuan in the Jin Dynasty at the Tuolin Temple in the west of Lushan Lake.
Pet-name ruby Beihai: refers to Kong Rong in the Eastern Han Dynasty. He used to be Beihai Xiang, so he was later called Kong Beihai. He tasted: "The guest is always full, and the wine in the bottle is not empty, so I have no worries."
⒇ Dongli: refers to Ma Zhiyuan. He admired Tao Qian's seclusion, because there was a sentence in Tao Qian's "Drinking" poem, "Pick most of the Dongli and see Nanshan leisurely", so he named himself "Dongli".
Ma Zhiyuan's "Qiu Si on a Night Boat" expanded the expression range of Sanqu from the ideological content; And make full use of the characteristics of vulgar and lively language and free rhythm of sentence patterns in Yuanqu, and improve the realm of Sanqu from the artistic expression. This set of songs consists of seven songs. The first song leads the whole article with the feeling that life should be carpe diem. The title is "Qiu Si". I don't write about autumn scenery, but the sadness at the end of my life and the feeling of recalling the past are all related to the word "autumn", which is actually a false description of natural autumn from the late scene of my life. On the other hand, "this spring, the bright flowers are dying" describes the feeling that the young flowers have passed, and the natural spring reflects the autumn of life. The exaggeration of "today" and "Ming" further strengthens the fast rhythm of the passage of time. Spring flowers literally take care of "dream butterflies". "Dream Butterfly" uses the allusions in "On Zhuangzi Wuqi", which not only sets off the lost feeling of a dream for a hundred years, but also embellishes the spring with the decorative beauty of words. Life is like a dream, which has become a cliche. Zhuang Zhoumeng Butterfly is also a well-known Canon. However, it is still unconventional to write the thoughts of mourning for autumn with the feelings of cherishing spring. The last sentence "Lights out at night in a hurry" uses the omission of function words to obscure the meaning, and digs out a new meaning from the old saying "Eat, drink and be merry in time": the word "Lights out at night in a hurry" is short and urgent, and together with the impatient tone, it conveys the meaning of urging people to act quickly and punish alcohol. There is also a pause between these three words and "the night light goes out", which has two meanings: one is to punish the wine quickly until the night light goes out. One is to punish the wine quickly-but the lights have gone out in the middle of the night, even if you are in a hurry, you may not be able to eat, drink and be merry in time. This piece of music starts slowly and ends quickly, with a flat tone. The tone is smooth, corresponding to the expression of deep sigh and short sigh, the more urgent and abrupt it is, which leaves room for the next six songs to talk about the past and the present.
The second, third and fourth songs talk about the greed of money from the sadness of rise and fall, and lament the illusion of being famous in history, immortal in achievements and long-lasting wealth, in order to prove the reality of eating, drinking and having fun in time.
The second song denies the emperor's supreme authority. Qin Gong Hanfu has become rotten grass, and Yuan Ye, which grazes cattle and sheep. The prosperity of the past has become a thing of the past, leaving only a few gossips of Yu Qiao. Such sadness turned into bitter sarcasm: if it were not for such ups and downs, Yuqiao would have nothing to say. This unexpected cynicism should have infinite emotion, but it makes the rise and fall of the times so irrelevant. At this point, the significance is not enough, but we must make up for it: even if we leave a few barren graves and a few broken monuments opposite, we can't recognize the vague handwriting on them because of their age. The ancients regarded carving stones and erecting monuments as a symbol of immortal fame. The word "dragon and snake" here originally refers to the writing of Long Xing's snake dance, but it is also often used as a metaphor for ancient emperors, so the meaning of "not distinguishing between dragon and snake" is a pun: since even the inscriptions on the history of fame and fortune are hard to identify, how can future generations distinguish those who fought for the dragon and snake in history? Qin Gong Han Que focuses on the emperor's wealth before his death, while Waste Grave and Broken Monument focus on his fame after his death, which completely denies the life ideal of the literati in the past dynasties to eulogize the history of Qing Dynasty and remain famous.
The third song directly uses arguments and rhetorical questions to question the significance of heroic achievements. The phrase "How many heroes cast their shadows in the fox's path and rabbit's hole" is actually the other way around because of the rhyme and the limitation of the number of words: how many heroes didn't even have a broken tomb in the end, and their burial place became the haunt of foxes and rabbits. This inverted sentence only uses the word "Touzhi" to mean "Zhi Zhi", which is connected with the second song in tone, tone and sentence meaning. The three points of fixing ancestors refer to the struggle between Wei, Shu and Wu, and also refer to the era of all heroic struggles. Just like Han Que in Qin Gong is not limited to Qin and Han Dynasties, it also represents all powerful and unified dynasties. Although this is a common practice of recalling the past in poetry and songs, it is also of typical significance, and it is only arranged in the order of dynasties, which makes the two songs connected: Dingzu's three-point achievement died halfway, and now where to go in Wei and Jin Dynasties? How should future generations comment on the crime of Millennium merits and demerits? So this blank question is similar to the meaning of "don't distinguish between dragons and snakes", erasing how many heroes compete for the success or failure of the world. Looking back at those foxes and rabbit holes, the heroic struggle that was forgotten by history from the beginning is as meaningless as rabbits chasing foxes. There are two overlapping problems at the end of this song, which makes the Wei, Jin, Qin and Han dynasties echo each other from beginning to end, with flexible words and meticulous composition.
The fourth song has changed from lamenting the past to satirizing the present, and its content is juxtaposed with the first two songs, which is more profound: the achievements of emperors have gone up in smoke, not to mention the wealth of money slaves. The funny thing is that these people are as hard as iron, blindly love money and can't see through the good times of life. They make the Jintang vain for the sake of joy, and they don't know how to enjoy things at all. "Jintang" refers to the first residence of a wealthy family in the story of Han Qi in Song Dynasty, and a daily Jintang was established in Xiangzhou's hometown. The whole song consists of four sentences and is divided into two layers. Look at the contrast between the vulgar stupidity of thousands of women and the beautiful scenery of Zhou Jintang. Vulgar vernacular and elegant rhetoric are in their proper places. Another playwright in the Yuan Dynasty wrote a poor man named Zhou, who was blessed by God and became an unreasonable and extremely stingy millionaire, which helps to understand the meaning of "Heaven teaches wealth, but not too extravagant". To ridicule the greed and vulgarity of Qiannu here is actually to change the old tune of "How can you stay here when you are happy" (Nineteen Ancient Poems: You can't have a hundred children) and "Love money but cherish expenses, but be despised by future generations" (Ximenxing, Han Yuefu) into a new tune.
The above three songs have broken fame and fortune, and the fifth and sixth songs turn to state their own philosophy of life. "The sun shines in front of me and it sets in the west" describes the passage of time in a day, which is derived from "one hundred years old". The metaphor of "getting sick like a downhill car" breaks away from the common allusion of how to drive a Japanese car, and turns elegance into vulgarity, which is vivid and interesting. "Clear the mirror at dawn to add snow" leads to the joke that "going to bed is different from shoes and socks" with Li Bai's meaning that "Gao Tingming's mirror can't see how lovely the lock is, and dusk turns into snow", as if the old saying "Take off your shoes and socks tonight, I don't know if you can wear them tomorrow" was refined and developed, and it became a famous saying. However, there is a sense of cynicism in this seemingly life-and-death quip, so it is just stupid to advise people not to laugh at themselves as clumsy as turtledoves who can't build nests. Claiming that you are not good at making a living is actually the best way to get rid of fame and fortune, saying that you always play the fool and point out the necessity of muddling along. The next song said, "fame and fortune are the best." It's a hint at the end of the last song. It is correct that "the world of mortals doesn't mess with doors, green trees want to cover the corner, and green hills fill the cracks in the wall". It describes the quiet environment outside the quiet dust with bright contrast colors, and its composition is unique: the green trees and green hills are near and far, but when they cover the corner and fill the cracks in the wall, just like a circle of barriers covering the world of mortals, they are tightly closed in the "bamboo fence hut", resulting in the final song being completely composed of loose sentences, with neither antithesis nor identical syntax. This song is completely composed of antithesis, scattered and orderly, overall but not rigid, elegant words alternate with vulgar tones, allusions and slang, vivid and harmonious, full of fun.
At the end of the last song, there is a positive topic: alas, life is alive, only sleep can get peace, and everything will be disturbed at dawn. When a cricket croakes, the autumn scenery stays here. Everything in the world boils down to one point, which is nothing more than striving for fame and profit. So let's compare all the disputes in the world from ancient times to the present with a set of tripod pairs: "Ants are lining up, bees are making honey, and bustling flies are fighting for blood." Although the sayings of "ants in droves" and "floating like a hole gathering ants" are common in Yuanqu, these three sentences make the shapes of ant holes, hives and flies particularly impressive because of their accurate and precise arrangement. The author's skill is not only to describe the ugliness of the feudal society to such a disgusting degree, but more importantly, to compare it with the elegant taste different from the secular, showing detachment from the universe and trivial matters and overlooking the world.
Please accept it if you are satisfied, O(∩_∩)O Thank you.