Second, the reason: 1, domestic: the rapid development of the southern economy in the Song Dynasty and the shift of the economic center of gravity to the south provided an economic foundation for the development of the southern port cities; The Song government adopted an open policy to support foreign trade, which provided a policy basis. The improvement of domestic navigation technology and the invention of compass provided the technical basis; 2. Internationally: After the mid-Tang Dynasty, Arab merchants opened up trade routes to the East and entered and exited the coastal ports of China, which objectively created a favorable international business environment for foreign economic exchanges in the Song Dynasty; Geographically, from the Anshi Rebellion to the Song Dynasty, the western regions and northern minorities rose one after another and controlled the Hexi Corridor. The land links between the Central Plains and West Asia and Europe were blocked and interrupted, and the sea route in Southeast Asia became an inevitable choice for Song's foreign exchanges.
Third, the foreign policy of RMB: the policy of opening to the outside world. Impact: It was beneficial for China to exchange needed commodities with other countries at that time, and the trade economy advanced by leaps and bounds; It is conducive to cultural exchanges between China and other countries, including science, technology and religion.
Fourth, diplomatic enlightenment: Before the Qing Dynasty, China's dynasties had been pursuing the policy of opening to the outside world, and China itself benefited a lot from this all-round open exchange, and was far ahead of other countries in all aspects. Even Emperor Kangxi benefited a lot from a little foreign exchange; The later closed-door policy made China lag far behind the western countries in technology, thought and culture, which also led to the decline of modern China and the subsequent tragedy. From this, we can find that opening to the outside world is a necessary external condition for a country to maintain its advanced nature, while formulating relevant normative policies is the guarantee for opening to the outside world, and strong national strength is the fundamental guarantee for maintaining its active position in foreign exchanges. Therefore, China should continue to implement the reform and opening-up policy, improve relevant foreign policies and laws, and strive to develop its economy so as to occupy a leading position in opening-up.
Fifth, the process of the country's opening to the outside world: militarily, two opium wars forcibly opened the country; Politically, the unequal treaties signed after the two Opium Wars made it legal for the powers to go deep into China. Economically: cheap goods are imported, and then capital is used.
Sixth, it is different from the opening to the outside world in the Qing Dynasty: now it is actively opening to the outside world, and the Qing Dynasty was forced to open; At present, the two sides are in an equal position in foreign exchanges, while the Qing Dynasty is in a weak and unequal position.
Historical reasons: the national strength is very strong, the rulers are very enlightened, the foreign policy is very open, and the territory is huge.
For example: Han Dynasty: United with the western countries through the Silk Road and violently attacked Xiongnu; Tang Dynasty: Master Xuanzang went abroad, and other countries sent envoys to study in China. Song: Although militarily soft, it has many economic exchanges with other countries, especially maritime trade, and has contacts with South Asia, Southeast Asia and even Europe and Africa through the Maritime Silk Road; Yuan: There are exchanges with Mongolian countries.
8. The biggest historical event: 1979 Sino-US diplomatic relations were established; Positive reasons: open policy. .