1. National curriculum
National curriculum is a national curriculum, which embodies the will of a country. It is specially designed to train future citizens and developed according to the same quality that future citizens will achieve after receiving education. According to the nature and training objectives of different education stages, formulate curriculum standards or syllabuses in various fields or disciplines and compile teaching materials. "National curriculum is the main component of the national basic education curriculum planning framework, and it is also an important symbol to measure the quality of a country's basic education.
As far as the development of Chinese character culture education courses is concerned, the national curriculum level mainly includes literacy education courses, calligraphy education courses and calligraphy seal cutting courses. Due to the different characteristics of the course, the course of Chinese character culture education presents different ways. Basic education Chinese curriculum includes literacy education curriculum, and basic education Chinese curriculum includes writing education curriculum. At the same time, in 2002, the Ministry of Education issued the Guiding Outline of Writing Teaching for Full-time Primary Schools in Nine-year Compulsory Education (Trial) and Several Opinions of the Ministry of Education on Strengthening Writing Teaching in Primary and Secondary Schools, which gradually separated the writing education course from the Chinese course and became an independent course. Art classes in the basic education stage mainly include calligraphy classes and seal cutting classes. At the same time, the Ministry of Education issued "Opinions on Developing Calligraphy Education in Primary and Secondary Schools" 20 1 1, and the calligraphy curriculum basically formed its own independent curriculum form.
2. Local courses
Local curriculum is "according to the relevant provisions of the state and the actual situation of this province (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central government), to determine the curriculum plan and compulsory subject curriculum standards implemented in this province; Determine the curriculum reform plan of this province and report it to the Ministry of Education for approval; Examining and approving elective teaching materials and local teaching materials organized by education administrative departments at or above the county level; Review provincial textbooks; Guide the city (prefecture) and county education committees to choose teaching materials; Guide and inspect the local curriculum management, determine the implementation methods of the senior high school entrance examination, and guide the examination work; Decide on the allocation of management rights for certain courses. " Some people think that local courses can also be called local-oriented courses or local courses. It is a course designed by local education authorities on the basis of national curriculum standards, under the guidance of certain educational ideas and curriculum concepts, according to local social development and its special needs for students' development, and making full use of local curriculum resources. "In fact, local courses also have broad and narrow meanings. In a broad sense, local courses refer to the courses implemented and managed in a certain place, including both local national courses managed and implemented by local authorities and courses developed only in local areas. In a narrow sense, local courses refer to courses independently developed and implemented by local governments. Generally speaking, what people call local courses are local courses in a narrow sense.
As far as the development of Chinese character culture education courses is concerned, the setting of local courses is not exactly the same. For example, the calligraphy course, according to the Opinions on Developing Calligraphy Education in Primary and Secondary Schools issued by the Ministry of Education on 20 1 1, is a local course of "local management and implementation of local national courses". Seal cutting courses offered in Shanghai, Zhejiang, Jiangsu and other places according to local cultural traditions, and lantern riddle courses offered in Shishi and other places in Fujian are all local courses independently developed by local governments and only implemented locally.
3. School-based curriculum
School-based curriculum also has broad sense and narrow sense. School-based curriculum in a broad sense refers to all courses implemented by schools, including both national and local courses implemented by schools and courses developed by schools themselves. School-based curriculum in a narrow sense refers to school-based curriculum, that is, under the premise of implementing national curriculum and local curriculum, the school develops school-based curriculum that is suitable for the school and has its own characteristics. At present, people are used to calling the curriculum developed by the school itself school-based curriculum, which is different from the generalized school curriculum.
As far as the development of Chinese character culture education courses is concerned, although there are no school-based courses in colleges and universities, the courses offered by colleges and universities are mostly decided by the school, such as calligraphy education courses, seal cutting education courses, Chinese character art design courses, Chinese character culture comprehensive courses and so on. In primary and secondary schools, some schools develop couplets, seal cutting, lantern riddles and other courses according to the advantages of local cultural resources and learning characteristics, which belong to school-based courses.