What happened to Hong Xiuquan from the establishment of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom regime to its overthrow?

After Hong Xiuquan occupied Nanjing and formally established the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom regime, in order to consolidate the new regime, he decided to open up three fronts: Northern Expedition, Eastern Expedition and Western Expedition. The battle of the East Expedition and the West Expedition went smoothly, consolidating the upper and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, thus stabilizing the situation in Tianjing, the capital city. However, the Taiping Army of the Northern Expedition was surrounded by the Qing army near Beijing because it fought alone, and eventually it was completely annihilated. Although the Northern Expedition failed, the Taiping Army's move greatly shocked the Qing government, so the Qing government hurriedly organized forces to attack the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, hoping to strangle the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom when Hong Xiuquan was shaky. The Qing army soon established military bases along the Yangtze River and near Nanjing, namely camps in Jiangnan and Jiangbei, in an attempt to besiege Tianjing. The situation in Tianjin is getting more and more tense. Hong Xiuquan changed his strategy in time. /kloc-in the summer of 0/856, he transferred the troops of the Western Expedition back, and soon broke through the camps of the Qing army in Jiangbei and Jiangnan, and Tianjing turned the corner.

However, just as the Taiping Army was victorious in the military, Hong Xiuquan failed to handle the internal contradictions of the leading group, which led to infighting in the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, killing East Wang Yang, and Shi Dakai, the wing king, led the elite Taiping Army to flee. The Taiping Heavenly Kingdom suffered great losses, and the Qing Dynasty took the opportunity to rebuild camps in Jiangnan and Jiangbei, and the situation in Tianjing was once again critical.

In order to save the crisis, Hong Xiuquan personally served as a military adviser, boldly promoted Chen Yucheng, Li Xiucheng and other young generals who were only in their twenties at that time, and re-established the commander-in-chief system of the five armies in 1858, so the morale of the Taiping Army was revived. In the winter of the same year, the Taiping Army led by generals such as Chen Wangcheng and Li Xiucheng once again broke through Jiangbei Camp and won the victory of Sanjiang. Zeng Guofan, commander-in-chief of the Qing army, almost committed suicide by jumping into the sea. /kloc-in the spring of 0/860, Hong Xiuquan used the tactics of dry Wang Hong and loyal Li Xiucheng to break the Jiangnan camp.

However, under the leadership of Zeng Guofan, the outstanding commander-in-chief, the Qing army turned to besiege Anqing, a military place in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River. Although Hong Xiuquan mobilized the army to organize the clean-up, Anqing fell in September of186/kloc-0, and the Taiping Army began to lose its military superiority. However, just as the regime was in peril, Hong Xiuquan began to indulge in self-cultivation and religious studies. And shut yourself in the palace of Tianjing, lazy to organize state affairs. This created an obstacle to the central command system of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom. 1862 in may, the Qing army surrounded the Taiping army, and Zeng Guofan led the troops to the capital Tianjing. In order to be eager for clearance, Hong Xiuquan ordered Li Xiucheng and other "Thirteen Kings" to lead troops from Shanghai, Zhejiang and other places to fight the Qing army outside Tianjing for 45 days, but failed to clear the clearance. 1February 863 Suzhou fell, and Tianjing was in jeopardy. At this point, Li Xiucheng advised Hong Xiuquan to "put the city away" and give up Tianjing, but Hong Xiuquan refused to escape. 1June, 964, Hong Xiuquan died of illness. /kloc-in July of 0/9, Tianjing fell and the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom regime was overthrown.

As a rural teacher, Hong Xiuquan led a Taiping Heavenly Kingdom movement that lasted for 18 years and spanned 18 provinces, established the last peasant regime in China history, promulgated the "celestial celestial system", and started the bourgeois democratic revolution in modern China, which was worthy of being the "first hero against the Qing Dynasty" (Sun Yat-sen's words).