1. "It is difficult to see the light in the long night" means that it is difficult to see the light in the long dark night, which is a metaphor for the long reign of darkness.
2. Original poem:
"Huanxisha and Mr. Liu Yazi"
Mao Zedong
Watching a drama on National Day in 1950, Mr. Liu Yazi impromptu It is assigned to Huanxi Sha because of its rhyme and harmony.
It is difficult to see the sky in Chi County during the long night.
For hundreds of years, demons and ghosts have danced gracefully.
The five hundred million people are not reunited.
As soon as the rooster sings, the world becomes white,
Music from all directions is played in Khotan,
The poet is more excited than ever before.
October 1950
3. Background of the poem:
This is the first National Day after the first anniversary of the founding of New China. On the evening of October 3 of that year, representatives of all ethnic groups across the country solemnly gathered at Huairen Hall in Zhongnanhai to present gifts and flags to Chairman Mao and other party, government, and military leaders to show the people of all ethnic groups’ support for Chairman Mao and *** love for the Communist Party. After the dedication ceremony, various ethnic minority art troupes jointly performed theatrical programs. When watching the performance, Mr. Liu Yazi happened to be sitting in the front row of Chairman Mao. Chairman Mao said to him enthusiastically: "Why don't Yazi write lyrics to express the grand occasion of great unity? I will come and reconcile." So Liu Yazi impromptu composed a poem "Huanxisha", "to commemorate the grand occasion of great unity." "You!" (the last sentence of the preface of Liu Yazi's "Huanxisha") was presented to Chairman Mao in the back row. The next day, Chairman Mao actually wrote this poem and lyrics in handwriting on rice paper with a brush and presented it to Liu Yazi in return.
4. Poetry analysis:
Chairman Mao’s poem has a high level of artistic concentration. In just one small order and 42 characters, China's past and present of nearly a hundred years are described. The upper column depicts old China, while the lower column depicts new China. The contrast between the two is extremely sharp. Although it is a realistic painting, it also uses artistic symbolic techniques. The "Long Night" (i.e.: darkness) in the upper section symbolizes the three mountains that are pressing on the suffering Chinese people; the "white world" (i.e.: light) in the lower section symbolizes the new Chinese universe created by the Communist Party of China. Bright weather.
In the last three sentences, I wrote about the darkness, the bad guys, villains, and enemies that have been wreaking havoc for a hundred years, and then the tragic scene of people of all ethnic groups across the country with their families destroyed and displaced, unable to reunite. In one breath, it outlines China's century-old modern history.
As soon as Xia Qiu changed his pen, the poet's mood changed drastically and the scenery suddenly became clear. The first sentence is adapted from Li He's "Zhijiu Xing" "The world is white with the sound of a rooster". Although it is an allusion to the poetry of the Tang Dynasty, the intention is more grand and lofty. Only the word "sound" is changed to the word "sing". Not only is the artistic conception more beautiful, but the poet also implanted his own feelings and feelings into it in the form of revolutionary romanticism. As Guo Moruo said: "This leap of turning stone into gold reflects the leap of the times, the leap of thought, and the leap of art." (See Guo Moruo's article "Singing a Rooster and the World Becomes White")
Then it’s followed by “All music played in Khotan”. In ancient times, Khotan refers to the name of the country in the Western Regions, and here it refers to the various ethnic groups in Xinjiang. Chairman Mao's use of the word "Khotan" not only rhymes with a rhyme that is difficult to rhyme, but also expresses his rich knowledge of ancient Chinese history, culture, geography, etc., making it easy and natural to use. Then the last line brings out the great joy and cheerful mood: there are singing and dancing on the stage, and the poets singing and singing below the stage. A picture of joy and joy can't help but come to mind. There is another artistic feature of this poem worth noting. That is to say, there are not many words in the whole poem, but there are three numerals used. The numerals "hundred years", "five hundred million" and "ten thousand squares" show the consistent majestic characteristics of Mao's poems. At the same time, in this specific poem It also plays a role in the completeness, unity and historical significance of the layout and arrangement.
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