Year: Southern and Northern Dynasties Author: Wu Jun
The mountain and the sky are connected into clouds, and the afterglow of the sunset can be seen from the cracks in the bamboo forest.
Birds fly happily to the eaves and white clouds float out of the window.
House of Bamboo
Year: Tang Author: Wang Wei Genre: Five Musts
I leaned alone in the dense bamboo, playing the piano and humming a song.
It's too light for anyone to hear, except my partner, Mingyue.
Mount Emei Yuege
Year: Tang Author: Li Bai Style: Four Musts
In the autumn of the first half of Mount Emei, the Pingqiang River reflected.
In the evening, Qingxi went to the Three Gorges, but the four gentlemen did not see Yuzhou.
On a spring night, I smell the flute in Los Angeles.
Year: Tang Author: Li Bai Style: Four Musts
Yu Di's dark flying sound scattered into the spring breeze in Los Angeles.
In this nocturne, the willow is broken, and no one can afford to be homesick.
When welcoming a messenger to the capital.
Year: Tang Author: Style: Four Musts
The distance from the east home is very long, and the tears are wet and the sleeves are still flowing.
I'll meet you immediately, without paper and pen. Please tell my family that I'm safe.
Chuzhouxigou
Year: Tang Author: Wei Style: Four Unique Categories: Landscape
Alone, grass grows by the stream, and orioles sing on the trees.
The spring tide brought the rain late and urgent, and there was no boat on the wild crossing.
Meet Li Guinian at the lower reaches of the river
Year: Tang Author: Du Fu Style: Four Musts
In the Qi family, I often see your performances; Before urging the wine hall, I praised your art many times.
Never thought, in this Jiangnan scenic area; It is the season of falling flowers, and I can meet you, an old acquaintance.
Send Master Che Ling.
Year: Tang Author: Liu Changqing Style: Five Musts
From the temple, in the depths of the bamboo, came the low sound of the evening bell.
Pilgrims' hats, with the setting sun, are getting farther and farther under the green hills.
make an appointment
Year: Song Author: Style: Four Musts
Mei Huang Shi, every family was flooded by rain, and the pond was covered with green grass and frogs.
It's past midnight, and the invited guests haven't come yet. I tapped the chess pieces bored and shook the wick of an oil lamp.
On Poetry
Year: Qing Dynasty Author: Zhao Yi Style: Four Musts
Du Li's poems have been circulated for thousands of years and are not new so far.
There are many talented people all over the country, and their poems and popularity will last for hundreds of years.
Ancient prose:
Childlike interest: (lesson 5)
original text
When I recall my childhood, I can look at the sun with my eyes wide open. I am good at observing autumn. When I see something small, I have to check its texture carefully, so I have a good time outside.
In summer, mosquitoes turn thunder, and privately plan to dance into a group of cranes in the air. The direction of the heart is either a thousand or a hundred, and it is indeed a crane; Look up, Xiang Qiang. Mosquitoes stay in the tent and smoke, making them fly towards the smoke, making them look like white cranes in Qingyun, like cranes in the clouds, and happy.
I often crouch in the concave and convex parts of the earth wall, in the grass of the flower bed, so that I can be flush with the platform; If you look closely, you can feel at ease when you wander around with bushes as forests, insects and ants as beasts, convex soil and gravel as hills and concave soil as valleys.
One day, I saw two insects fighting in the grass. When I watched it, it was in full swing. Suddenly, a monster came down from the mountain and fell from the tree, covering a frog. My tongue spit out and both worms swallowed it. I was young and lost in thought, but I was surprised. God decided to catch frogs, whip dozens and drive them out of the hospital.
The above is the original text in the Chinese book, and the following is the original text in Six Chapters of a Floating Life:
When I recall my childhood, I can look at the sun and see through autumn. Hold small things; We have to check its texture carefully, so it is sometimes interesting.
In summer, mosquitoes turn thunder, and privately plan to let a group of cranes dance in the air. If the heart wishes, there are thousands of cranes Look up, Xiang Qiang. Mosquitoes stay in the vegetarian tent, and smoke, so that they can fly against the smoke, making a view of Qingyun white crane, and the fruit is like a crane floating in the clouds, which is happy. In the concave and convex parts of the earth wall and the grass in the flower terrace, you often squat down to make it flush with the terrace, study it carefully, take the grass as the forest, the insects and ants as the beasts, the bumps of the soil and gravel as the hills, and the depressions as the gullies, and enjoy yourself.
One day, I saw two insects mowing grass, and I had a strong view. Suddenly, a monster came from the mountain, fell from the tree, covered a toad, stuck out his tongue and swallowed two bugs. I was young and lost in thought, but I was surprised. God decided to catch toad, whip him dozens of times and drive him out of the hospital. Think about it a little bigger. When two bugs fight, Gato won't follow suit. As the old saying goes, "He who is near Zhu Zhechi and near Mexico is black", so are insects? Greedy this profession, eggs are eaten by earthworms, and they are not swollen. When you catch a duck, you can open your mouth and let it go. The duck bumped its neck and made a swallow. It cried in fright and was passed as a handle. This is all leisure when you are young.
Note: the pronunciation of shrimp is "ha"
translate
I recall when I was a child, I could look straight at the sun with my eyes wide open, and my eyesight was good enough to see subtle things. Whenever I see a tiny thing, I have to observe its texture carefully, so I often get pleasure beyond the thing itself.
On summer nights, mosquitoes make thunderous calls, and I secretly compare them to cranes flying in the air. Come to think of it, hundreds of mosquitoes really look like cranes. Looking up at them all the time, even my neck became stiff. I left a few mosquitoes in the white curtain, slowly sprayed them with smoke, made them fly and screamed at the smoke. As a landscape of White Crane in Qingyun, they really sing in the clouds like cranes, and I applaud with joy.
I often squat down where the earth wall is uneven, and squat down where there are many flowers and plants, so that my body is as high as a table, and I look closely, treating the bushes as forests, insects and ants as beasts, the protruding parts of clods as hills and the sunken parts as gullies. I will travel in this realm with my imagination, happy and satisfied.
One day, I saw two bugs fighting in the grass, so I squatted down to observe carefully. Just when I was interested, suddenly a huge thing came, knocking down the mountain and overwhelming the tree. It turned out to be a toad that ate all the bugs as soon as it stuck out its tongue. At that time, I was very young, so absorbed in it that I was not in the mood to shout. When I calmed down, I caught the toad and whipped it a dozen times, then I drove it to another yard.
1, from Six Chapters of a Floating Life? Leisure and entertainment. " The title was added by the editor. Shen Fu (1763-? The word Sanbai was born in Changzhou (now Suzhou, Jiangsu) and was a writer in the Qing Dynasty.
Lesson 10:
Ten Analects of Confucius:
Rule number one: deal with people.
Confucius said, "It's better to learn than to speak (yuè). Is it not delightful to have friends coming from distant quarters? People don't know or care (yùn), aren't they gentlemen? " ("learning")
Confucius said, "Isn't it pleasant to learn what the teacher has taught and review it from time to time? Isn't it very happy to have like-minded people come here from afar to make friends with you? Isn't it a gentleman that others don't understand themselves but are not angry? "
The second one: dealing with people.
Xǐng Zi said, "I am in three provinces, but I am disloyal to others." Don't believe in making friends? Can't you learn? " ("learning")
Ceng Zi said: "I will reflect on myself many times every day: Have I tried my best to work for others? Is it honest to associate with friends? Have you reviewed what the teacher taught you? "
Third: learning methods.
Confucius said, "Reviewing the past and learning the new can be a teacher." (Politics)
Confucius said: "Reviewing what you have learned can gain new knowledge and experience. At this level, you can call it a teacher. "
Fourth: learning methods.
Confucius said, "Learning without thinking is useless, and thinking without learning is dangerous." (Politics)
Confucius said: "reading without thinking will confuse you;" It is harmful to think only without reading. " "Learning" and "thinking" should be combined.
Fifth: learning methods
Confucius said, "Why not teach your daughter to read? Knowing is knowing, not knowing is not knowing, but knowing. " (Politics)
Confucius said, "Zhong You, teach you the attitude of knowing and not knowing: knowing is knowing, and not knowing is not knowing. This is smart. "
Sixth: learning attitude
Confucius said, "If you don't do it, you will be introspective." ("Li Ren")
Confucius said: "when you see his advantages, learn from him and hope to be like him;" See his shortcomings and reflect on whether you have the same shortcomings as him. "
Seventh: learning attitude
Confucius said: "In a threesome, there must be a teacher. Choose good and follow it, but change it if it is not good. " ("Shu Er")
Confucius said, "When several people walk together, one of them can be my teacher. Seeing that I have their weaknesses, I will choose their strengths to study and correct them. "
Eighth: How to be a man
Ceng Zi said: "Scholars have a long way to go to strive for self-improvement. Isn't it important to think that benevolence is your responsibility? Isn't it far after death? " ("Taber")
Ceng Zi said: "An ambitious person must be strong and brave, because he shoulders a great mission. It's a long way. Isn't it important to realize the ideal of' benevolence' as your mission? Until death, isn't it far? "
Ninth: How to be a man.
Confucius said, "Cold tells the decline of pine and cypress." (Zi Han)
Confucius said: "It was not until the coldest season of the year that I realized that the pine and cypress were the last to wither."
Tenth: How to be a man.
Zi Gong asked, "Who can walk for life without saying a word?" Confucius said, "I forgive you! Don't do to others what you don't want. " (Wei Linggong)
Zi Gong asked: "Is there a sentence that can be followed for life? Confucius said: "That is probably' forgiveness (Tao)'! Don't impose what you hate on others. "
Lesson 15:
See the boundless ocean
Cao Cao in the Eastern Han Dynasty
Jié stone looks at the sea in the east.
What is water (à n à n) and what is a mountain island (ǒ ng zhi).
Trees and paraquat are very lush. Autumn wind makes trees make sad sounds, and the sea is surging.
The movement of the sun and the moon seems to come from the vast ocean.
A trip to the sun and the moon, if unexpected;
Han is a talented star, if you take him by surprise.
Fortunately, even zai (za and), singing and chanting.
translate
Climb the high Jieshi Mountain and overlook the vast sea. Jieshi looks at the sea in the east. )
How surging the water waves are, and the mountain island stands high in the water. What is water, what is a mountain and what is an island. )
There are many trees on the mountain island, and all kinds of exotic flowers and herbs are flourishing. There are many trees and plenty of herbs. )
The bleak autumn wind blows on the water, and there are waves in the water. The autumn wind is bleak and the waves are rough. )
The majestic sun and the bright moon seem to rise on the sea. (the trip to the sun and the moon, if it is out of its territory; )
The brilliant galaxy seems to come from the sea. (The star Han is brilliant, and if you take it by surprise. (Intertextuality is used here)
I am so happy that I use this poem to express my wishes and ambitions. Fortunately, even, I sing to celebrate my ambition. )
A berth at the foot of Gubei Mountain.
Wangwan
Under the blue mountain, my boat and I meandered along the green water.
Until the river bank widens at low tide, and no wind blows my lonely sail.
... night gives way to the ocean of the sun, and the old year melts in freshness.
Finally, I can send my messenger, Wild Goose, back to Luoyang.
Translation]
Title: Stop at the foot of Gubei Mountain.
Poetic and picturesque: Qingshan tourism, boating in green water. At the foot of the blue mountain, my boat and I meandered along the green water. )
At high tide, the water surface between the two banks is wider. Sail before the wind, set sail. Until the river bank widens at low tide, there is no wind to stir my lonely sail. )
When the night has not disappeared, a red sun rises from the sea. The old year has not passed, and the river has shown spring. (... night gives way to the ocean of the sun, and the old year melts in freshness. )
Where will the letter from home miss? I hope that the geese returning to the north will send letters to Luoyang from home. At last I can send my emissary? Geese, return to Luoyang. )
Spring outing in Qiantang Lake
Don? Bai Juyi
From the north side of Gushan Temple to the west side of Jiating, the lake is just level with the embankment, with low clouds and waves on the lake.
Several early orioles raced to the sunny tree, and their new swallows were carrying mud in their nests.
Colorful spring flowers will gradually fascinate people's eyes, and shallow spring grass can barely cover the horseshoe.
I love the lack of eastward travel of the lake and the white sand embankment under the shadow of Populus davidiana.
translate
Walking by the West Lake, from the north of Gushan Temple to Jiating West, the spring water on the lake is just flush with the levee.
White clouds overlap and connect with the waves on the lake.
Several early orioles scrambled to fly to the sunny tree, and the new swallows were nesting with spring mud in their mouths.
The lush and colorful spring flowers gradually fascinated people's eyes, and the shallow spring grass just covered the horseshoe.
I like the beautiful scenery in the east of West Lake best. If I don't have enough sightseeing, I will go to see the charming white sand embankment in Green Liu Xia.
original text
Tianjin Sha Qiu Si
(Yuan) Ma Zhiyuan
Dead vines, old trees, faint crows,
Small bridges and flowing water,
The ancient road and the west wind are thin.
The sun went down,
Heartbroken people are at the end of the world.
translate
The dead vine old tree-dwelling crow returns to its nest at dusk,
The flowing water by the bridge reflects several families.
On the desolate ancient road, a lonely thin horse came against the bleak autumn wind.
The sun has set, and the wandering wanderer is still in the end of the world.
Lesson 20:
original text
Author: Pu Songling
Surrounding the mountain is one of the eight scenic spots in this city. But we haven't seen each other for years. Yu Nian, the grandson, was drinking with his colleagues upstairs. Suddenly, he saw a lonely tower standing high in the sky on the top of the mountain. He looked at each other in surprise, but there was no such monastery in his mind. Nothing. méng didn't know it was a mountain city until he saw dozens of palaces.
A few days later, Gao Yuanbiao (p √), Biao (n √) and Gengen ran six or seven miles, which was actually a battleground for military strategists. Hundreds of millions of people own a building, a hall and a square. Suddenly, the wind is blowing, the dust is boundless, and the city is just blurred.
As soon as the wind clears up, everything is gone, leaving only a dangerous building and going directly to lonely people. There are five buildings with wide windows; There is a queue at five o'clock, also outside the building. Layer by layer index, the higher the building, the less bright it is. Count to the eighth floor and cut it like a star. On top of it, it is hazy and there are countless levels. And the people upstairs come and go, or rely on or rely on, not the same. Over time, the building is getting lower and lower, revealing the top; Gradually return to normal buildings; Gradually like a tall house, Shu (shū) suddenly like a fist like a bean, so it is invisible.
I also heard that there were early walkers who saw the crowded shops on the mountain, which was unparalleled in the world, so it was also called the "ghost market" cloud.
translate
Pu Songling (Qing Dynasty)
The mountain city around the mountain is one of the eight scenic spots in Zichuan County. But it often doesn't appear once every few years. One day, Yu Nian, the grandson, and his friends were drinking upstairs. Suddenly, he saw a lonely pagoda on the top of the mountain, towering into the sky. You look at me, I look at you, surprised and puzzled. I thought there were no temples around here. After a while, I saw dozens of palaces with high eaves and blue tiles. Only then did I know that there was a "mountain city". Before long, a high and low wall appeared, which was six or seven miles long and actually looked like a city. Among them, pavilions, halls and neighborhoods are clearly presented in front of us, and the number can be hundreds of millions. Suddenly there was a strong wind and smoke, and the whole city became blurred. After a while, the wind stopped and the sky was unfathomable. All the previous scenes have disappeared. There is only one tall building, which seems to be connected with the sky. There are five rooms on each floor, and the windows are all open. There are five bright places and the sky outside the building. Layer by layer, pointing to countless layers. The higher the room, the smaller the bright spot; Counting to the eighth floor, the bright spot is only as small as a star; Further up, I can't see clearly, and I can't count its level. People at the lower level come and go in a hurry, some lean against (the railing) and some stand in different postures. After a while, the building became lower and the roof could be seen. Gradually, it becomes the same as ordinary buildings; Gradually, it became a high bungalow; Suddenly reduced to the size of a fist, then reduced to the size of a bean, and finally disappeared completely.
I also heard that some people who get up early and are in a hurry see other people's houses, markets and shops on the mountain, which is no different from the situation on earth, so people call it "ghost market".
Lesson 25:
original text
Xie An held a family reunion on a cold snowy day, explaining poetry with his son and nephew. Soon, it snowed heavily, and the guardian said happily, "What kind of snow is this?" ? "Xie Lang, his brother's eldest son, said," The air in the air is almost comparable. "."His eldest brother's daughter said, "Catkin can dance with the wind better than the wind." . "Guardian of the empire laughed. She is the daughter of Xie An, the daughter of Xie An, and the wife of the left-wing general Wang Ningzhi.
translate
On a cold snowy day, Dr. Xie gathered his family together and explained poetry to his son and nephew (brother's children). Soon, it snowed heavily. The teacher asked happily, "What is this heavy snow like?" Xie Lang, the elder brother's eldest son, said, "This is almost comparable to sprinkling salt in the air." His brother's daughter said, "It's better to fly with the wind than catkins." A teacher smiled happily. She is the daughter of Wu Yi, the eldest brother of Taifu Xie and the wife of General Zuo.
Ten ancient poems after class:
Original poem
Although turtles live long? Do not leave Xiamen.
Cao Cao
Although the tortoise has a long life, it has its moments.
A poisonous snake flew in the fog and was finally covered with dust.
The old horse crouches, aiming at thousands of miles;
The martyrs were full of courage in their later years.
The surplus and contraction period is not only in the sky;
Blessings that nourish grace can last forever.
Fortunately, even! Sing with ambition.
translate
Although the tortoise has a long life span, it still has its end.
Although poisonous snakes can fly in fog, they will eventually die and turn to dust.
The old swift horse is squatting in the stable, and its ambition is still to travel thousands of miles every day.
People with great ambitions will never stop working hard in their later years.
The length of a person's life is not just determined by heaven.
You can live longer as long as you take care of your body and mind.
Very lucky. Use singing to express your thoughts and feelings.
Guogurenzhuang
Tang Meng Hao ran
This old friend prepared a delicious meal and invited me to his hospitable farm.
Green Woods surround the village and green hills are located outside the city.
Open the window facing the valley vegetable garden and pass the glass to talk about crops.
Please come here to see chrysanthemums when the ninth festival comes.
Sh incarnation: Xiaomi, seven laws.
Translation:
My old friend prepared yellow rice and roast chicken and invited me to his simple home.
Outside the village is surrounded by a circle of green trees, and the suburbs are covered with green hills.
Pushing open the window, we faced the fields and nurseries, drinking wine and talking about farming, mulberry and horses.
Wait until the Double Ninth Festival in September, and then try chrysanthemum wine!
Buddhist retreat behind the broken mountain temple
(Tang) Chang Jian
On a pure morning, near the ancient temple, the early sunshine points to the treetops.
A winding path leads to a hidden place, and the Buddhist temple is surrounded by branches and flowers.
Here, birds live in the mountain light, and people's hearts feel quiet in the pond.
A thousand voices were quiet, but the bell rang.
Translation:
In the morning, the sun came out, and under the cover of tall forests, the ancient temples were still sleeping in the dark. The winding path is secluded, with many flowers and trees, and it is more quiet when you come to the meditation room.
Visiting the mountain temple in the morning, I saw quiet bamboo forests, clear pools, shining green hills, birds singing, and the sound of bells disappearing from time to time. Such a quiet environment makes the poet suddenly enlightened. Although the whole poem sings about Zen Temple, it actually expresses the feelings of mountains and rivers and seclusion.
I heard that Wang Changling left and moved to Longbiaoyao to deliver this.
Lipper
After the easy autumn, cuckoo clock, I heard you pass five streams.
I entrust my sad thoughts to the moon, hoping to accompany you to the west of Yelang.
[translation]
Poplar flowers are falling, cuckoo is crying,
I heard that you were demoted to fifth rate.
Entrust my sadness to the bright moon,
Go to Yelangxi with you.
Write to my wife in the north on a rainy night.
(Tang) Li Shangyin
June asked whether the return date has not yet been determined.
Autumn pool night rain rises.
When * * * cut off the western window candle,
But words in the rain at night.
Poetry translation
You asked me when I would go home, but I haven't set a date yet. There is heavy rain in Bashan tonight, and the pool is full of autumn rain. When will you and I get together again and have a heart-to-heart talk by candlelight in the west window? Tonight, I will tell you about the autumn rain, my painful feelings.
A berth on the Qinhuai River
(Tang) Du Mu
Smoke cage cold water moon cage sand, night parking near Qinhuai restaurant.
Strong women in business don't know how to hate their country, but they still sing backyard flowers across the river.
translate
The water vapor of smoke enveloped the Qinhuai River, and the moonlight reflected the sand bank along the river.
On a quiet night, the boat stopped on the shore and leaned against the boatman.
Singers don't know the legacy of national subjugation,
The hotel on the other side of Qinhuai River also sang "yushu backyard flower" of national subjugation.
Huanxisha-Yan Shu
A new song and a glass of wine, the weather was old last year. When will the sunset come back?
There is nothing to do, flowers bloom and fall, and it seems familiar that Yan returns. Wandering alone in the small garden, fragrant path.
translate
Listen to a song composed of new words and drink a glass of wine. The weather and the old pavilion still exist at this time last year. But the sun is setting in front of me, and I don't know when I will come back.
Helpless, the spring flowers wither. The swallow I saw last year has now flown back to its nest. Wandering gloomily on the path full of fallen flowers in the small garden.
Guo Song chenyuanchui lacquer gong branch
Yang Wanli
Mo Yan has no difficulty in going down the mountain and earning empty love;
When you enter the circle of high mountains, as soon as you climb one mountain, another mountain will stop you immediately.
Appreciate:
With the help of scenery descriptions and vivid metaphors, the poet explained a profound truth with universal significance by writing about the feelings of walking in the mountains: no matter what one does, one should fully estimate the difficulties on the way forward and not be intoxicated with the success of one thing.
Like a dream order
Li Qingzhao in Southern Song Dynasty
I often remember the pavilion by the stream next to the pavilion until the sunset, intoxicated by the beautiful scenery and lingering.
Always had a good time, but lost to the swimming pool deep in Zhu Feng.
How to row a boat out, accidentally, but scared a group of Oulu.
translate
I often remember playing in the pavilion by the stream until the sun sets, intoxicated with that kind of happiness, and I don't know the way back. Satisfied with fun, I rowed back in the dark, but mistakenly rowed into the depths of the lotus pond. Row, row, row, row so fast that beaches full of Bai Ou and egrets are flying. At this time, human voice, birdsong and underwater sound are intertwined to form a beautiful picture.
Reflections on reading.
Dynasty: Southern Song Dynasty poet: Zhu
As soon as the half-acre square pond is opened,
The sky is full of clouds and shadows.
Why is the water in the pond so clear?
Because there is inexhaustible living water for it.
Translation:
Half an acre of square pond opens like a mirror.
The brilliance of the sky and the shadow of floating clouds entered the pond and kept shaking.
Why is the water in that square pond so clear?
Because there is flowing water from the source (:that lies in the continuous injection of artistic inspiration into the writer's heart)!