"Ma" Lecture Notes 1 I. Talking about Teaching Materials:
Horses, pearl birds, flying impala, South China tigers and wolves all belong to Unit 6. This unit is all about human survival partners-animals, which not only reflects people's knowledge and understanding of animals, but also reflects the relationship between man and nature, and also tries to reflect the trajectory of human life from the animal world.
Buffon's "Horse" is a scientific essay about horses, with beautiful language and writing style, and it is also a beautiful essay. In literary style, the author describes the different images of horses in two living conditions, expressing the author's sincere praise for horses living freely on the infinite grassland and deep sympathy for horses raised, trained and driven by people.
Second, talk about the design of teaching objectives, key points and difficulties (the treatment of teaching materials).
The new curriculum standard points out that students should deepen their understanding and experience in positive thinking and emotional activities, gain ideological enlightenment and form a positive and correct attitude towards life.
According to the focus of unit teaching and the characteristics of this paper, the following teaching objectives are formulated:
1, knowledge and ability: taste the accumulated wonderful words and phrases, and further cultivate students' reading and appreciation ability.
2. Process and method: deeply understand the profound meaning, combine your own life experience, dare to express your own views, make your own views clear and reasonable, and understand and master the comparative skills initially.
3. Emotion, attitude and values: inspire students to cherish life and care for animals, guide students to think and understand the relationship between people and animals, and appreciate the valuable spirit embodied by animals.
Contrast is a major feature of this writing, which runs through the contrast between "domestic horse" and "wild horse" Through reading and analysis, the conclusion that "wild horses are more beautiful than domestic horses" is drawn, and the characteristics of the two horses are explored and summarized. Through vivid contrast, we can feel the pain of domestic horses. On this basis, let students grasp the difficult and key sentences in the second half to read deeply, and further feel the sadness that domestic horses have been destroyed and enslaved by human beings and become vicious slaves of human beings, so as to achieve the teaching goal of "inspiring students to cherish life, care for animals and think about the relationship between people and animals" in terms of emotional attitudes and values. Another contrast is the part describing the beauty of wild horses. Compared with seven other animals, the author praised the noble posture of horses and highlighted the beauty of wild horses, thus reflecting the natural beauty of horses strangled by human beings, which is thought-provoking.
In teaching, the focus of this course is to understand and master contrastive skills, and the difficulty of this course is to understand difficult sentences and cultivate students' perception and expression ability.
One class is finished.
Third, the application of teaching methods and the guidance and guidance of learning methods:
This is a beautiful essay with rich vocabulary and accurate and vivid description of animals. The language is beautiful and profound. According to the teaching objectives and the difficulties of this class, I am going to use the methods of stimulating interest, guiding questions and guiding induction to teach. In the teaching process, students' practical activities should be highlighted, and students should be guided to acquire knowledge actively, train scientifically and improve their Chinese ability in an all-round way. According to the teaching objectives and contents of this course, based on students' existing knowledge base and development level, various teaching methods are used to mobilize students' initiative, and teaching is carried out by creating an environment to stimulate interest, guide questions and guide induction. Let them express their opinions, communicate with each other and argue with each other around the central issues under the guidance of teachers, so as to stimulate them to actively acquire knowledge and cultivate healthy emotions.
Teaching is a bilateral activity between teachers and students. It follows the teaching idea of "teachers as the leading factor, students as the main body and problems as the main line", guides the learning method, and adopts methods such as marking (previewing notes), subjective thinking, group discussion and language appreciation. In the teaching process, we should first arouse the enthusiasm of students to participate in classroom learning, and then let students think, analyze and discuss independently according to a series of problems closely related to teaching objectives, so as to solve the problems. After appreciating the text, we should complete the transfer exercise to consolidate, so that students can learn knowledge and improve their ability from perception to understanding, from sensibility to rationality, and from learning to learning.
Fourth, talk about teaching design:
First, create situations and introduce stimuli.
Listen to the background music "Horse Racing" and ask the students what pictures they think of. Then use slides to show the spectacular scene of Ma Benteng on the vast grassland, showing the subject and author, so that students can get intuitive feelings from hearing and vision, stimulate their interest in learning this article, and lay the foundation for perceptual knowledge.
Secondly, perceive and grasp the theme.
In the first step, the teacher reads aloud in the background music of the erhu song "Horse Racing". Through music reading, the silent words are turned into spoken language, and the author's thoughts and feelings are vividly reproduced.
Step two, then check the students' preview (ask students to read through the preview, draw their favorite sentences, make comments and write down the reasons for their favorite, that is, take preview notes by circling) and dredge the words. There are many new words in the text, which need to be implemented. This is the premise of reading through the text.
Step three, then ask questions in class:
(1) How many kinds of horses were introduced to us?
(2) What are the characteristics of these two horses? What are the specific features of this paper?
The fourth step is to let students read freely with questions, think subjectively and organize language answers.
The first question is very simple. Students can directly call the roll to answer it. The second question is more difficult, so students can be prompted to find key words to answer. Because of the wide range of information, the form of * * * summary after group cooperation and communication not only improves the learning efficiency, but also cultivates the spirit of cooperation. Students fully exchange feedback, then summarize and show it with slides.
Step 5: If you were a horse, which lifestyle would you choose and why?
After the students answered, the teacher concluded: the author Buffon is the same as us. In his articles, he showed sincere praise for "the horse that lives freely on the boundless grassland" and deep sympathy for the horse that was raised, trained and driven by people.
Third, questioning and exploring, in-depth reading.
On the basis of students' basic grasp of the theme and the author's emotion, we can further understand the meaning of key words and cultivate students' ability of perception and free expression. Show me four questions:
1, how to understand the sentence "its' education' begins with losing freedom and ends with accepting bondage"?
2. Why does the second paragraph say, "They wear gorgeous hair on their foreheads, thin braids around their necks and thick satin blankets, which are more insulting to horses than horseshoes under their feet"?
3. Where are the sufferings of domestic horses? Find out the relevant sentences in the text and talk about them.
This article uses contrast technology in many places. Please find out and tell me what the author's purpose is.
It is difficult to write a few sentences in the part of "Ma Jia". Only by reading these difficult sentences can we deeply understand Ma Jia's sufferings and grasp the author's emotional tendency and the theme of this article. Let the students read carefully, read from the middle, read from the middle, and the teacher can patrol and find opportunities to participate in the guidance. On the basis of the first two sentences, sort out the answer to the third question from the part to the whole, and finally summarize it with slides. Contrast is the most prominent writing method in this paper, and the last question is to cultivate the ability to grasp this technique.
Then, appreciate the language and accumulate migration.
1, appreciate the exquisite language. Answer the communication with the sentence pattern of "I like a sentence because" (fully prepared the previewed remarks). Then transfer the text, and students can grasp the whole text by thinking about the problem.
2. Some people say that horses are friends of human beings, but human beings are not friends of horses. What do you think of this article? (Cultivate students' language expression ability)
Finally, extend the exercise (small composition after class).
Introduce an animal you are familiar with, please grasp its characteristics (you can imitate the comparison in the text) and infiltrate your feelings in the description. Turn knowledge into ability through this exercise.
Five, said the blackboard design:
Jiama: Brave and docile-compassion
Have abundant energy and noble spirit (beauty)
Wild horses are brave, wild, fearless and peaceful (virtue)-appreciation.
The most symmetrical and beautiful (beautiful)
"Horse" Lecture Notes 2 I. Talking about teaching material analysis
1, the position, characteristics and functions of teaching materials
Horse is a self-reading text of seventh grade Chinese published by People's Education Press. This text occupies an important position in the textbook, which embodies the learning focus of this unit "Caring for the Animal World". The content of the text is closely related to environmental protection, which can guide students to choose materials for "protecting wild animals" and has the following characteristics:
(1) The text embodies the relationship between man and animals. The article pays attention to the animal world, that is, to human beings themselves, which is conducive to the cultivation of environmental awareness.
(2) The text adapts to the physical and mental development of junior high school students, which is conducive to stimulating students' interest in learning and cultivating the spirit of innovation and cooperation.
2. Teaching objectives
The basis of my teaching goal design is to comprehensively improve students' Chinese literacy with the new teaching concept as the guiding ideology. Cultivate students' thoughts and feelings of loving the language and writing of the motherland, use the language and writing of the motherland, make them have the ability of listening, speaking, reading and writing to meet the actual needs, form a good personality, improve their personality, promote the all-round development of students' morality, intelligence, physique, beauty and labor, grasp the characteristics of Chinese education, fully embody the unity of instrumentality and humanism in Chinese teaching, and strive to build an open and energetic Chinese course. According to the teaching objectives, it is designed from three dimensions: cognition and ability, process and method, emotional attitude and values.
The teaching objectives of my design of this text are:
Knowledge goal:
Through the overall perception of the image and characteristics of horses, we can know that Buffon depicts animals with humanized brushwork, which shows his pursuit and transcendence of spiritual freedom and inspires students to understand the content of the article.
Ability goal:
Accumulate beautiful words and phrases through taste, experience the vivid image of language, and cultivate personalized perception ability; Cultivate students' skills of describing animals by understanding the contrast technology and its function; Through "wild intention" and knowledge contest activities, students' learning ability of autonomy, cooperation and inquiry is cultivated, so that students can learn and use Chinese in inquiry practice.
Moral education goal:
Understanding the author's praise of wild horses shows that human beings should be kind to animals and cherish their environmental awareness and social responsibility.
3. Teaching emphases and difficulties
Based on Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences, I not only cultivate students' all-round development in morality, intelligence, physique, beauty and labor, but also pay attention to cultivating students' learning ability, so that students can learn to use Chinese in inquiry practice.
Teaching focus:
Read repeatedly to understand the content of the article; Accumulate beautiful words and phrases, and experience the author's emotional tendency in the text.
Teaching difficulties:
Design the special activity "Are the wild animals in the zoo really wild?" and the "Horse" knowledge contest to cultivate students' independent, cooperative and inquiry learning and ability, so that students can learn through inquiry practice and enhance their environmental awareness and social responsibility of being kind to animals and cherishing life.
4. Textbooks and students
The treatment of teaching materials should conform to the teaching practice, and the overall design of teaching should highlight the students' dominant position. In a class, students should be considered first. "Paying attention to people" is the core concept of the new curriculum, "for the development of every student". I carefully study the teaching object, and design a class to complete the teaching task according to the law of students' physical and mental development and the characteristics of Chinese learning.
Second, oral teaching methods
In terms of teaching methods, Wei Shusheng's words inspired me greatly: "Real reading is a dialogue with the author's mind. If the reader is a growing middle school student, or a master and master of the world and mankind, then such reading is actually a process of cultural transmission and spiritual transmission, and it is necessary to form a connection between the author, the teacher and the students. " Therefore, teachers should try their best to make students maintain vigorous energy and good interest in the learning process, identify with the author's feelings and understand the author's writing intention, and adopt teaching methods to improve students' learning interest and expand teaching capacity; Help students enter the author, understand the author and feel life; And stimulate interest to activate learning thinking and enlighten students' wisdom.
Teachers give full consideration to students' subjective initiative, create scenarios and organize teaching around the three-dimensional goals of knowledge and ability, process and method, emotional attitude and values, and divide students' advantages and disadvantages into four-person study groups, which is convenient for students to communicate, unite and help each other and improve together.
This paper can broaden the research field and carry out interdisciplinary research on "protecting wild animals" In this class, I will take students to the computer room and use computers to collect and sort out idioms, sayings and proverbs about horses. Chinese teachers should also guide students to surf the Internet and search for information.
Teachers should organize students to discuss and communicate, and give appropriate guidance. Stimulate interest, guide questions, guide induction, group discussion and feedback.
Third, theoretical study.
According to the characteristics of the text and the students' actual situation, according to the new standard of "Problems that should be paid attention to in teaching", it is pointed out that "the teaching process should highlight students' time activities, guide understanding, scientifically train and comprehensively improve Chinese ability. "Teachers can properly use multimedia courseware to assist teaching, which reflects the guidance of teacher-led and student-centered learning methods. Guide students to actively carry out comprehensive Chinese learning and cultivate students' initiative to explore, unite and cooperate and innovate. The specific approach is:
(1) Mark with a circle to guide students to read the text freely.
(2) Guide students to cooperate and communicate in groups. Reflect the self-study counseling method and subjective thinking method.
(3) Guide students to search for information about wild animals on the Internet.
(4) Guide the students to learn the text and describe a small animal they like by comparison.
Fourth, talk about teaching procedures.
According to the characteristics of students' physical and mental development, cognitive law and thinking development, combined with the characteristics of Chinese subject and the specific requirements of teaching objectives, I designed a scientific and reasonable teaching method, which is to cultivate students' orderly, logical and comprehensive thinking purposefully. Also highlight the students' theme activities. So determine the teaching steps:
1. Create a scenario and introduce a new course.
Students, please enjoy the calligraphy works about the three fonts of "Ma". With the development of society, the life style and fate of horses are also changing. Today, let's walk into Buffon's article, get to know those loyal and noble friends who care about human beings, and feel the horses endowed with human glory! (Blackboard: Ma Bufeng) Please introduce the author and his works (multimedia display) with comments.
2. Read aloud with emotion
Please read the full text freely, loudly and emotionally with your notes, and underline the words you don't know or understand during reading.
Please say the words you don't know when reading.
The teacher helps solve difficult words. (Multimedia presentation) requires students to read and remember.
⑵ Appreciate the wonderful paragraphs and realize the true meaning of the article.
Who can choose his favorite paragraph from the text and read it aloud and emotionally? After listening, tell me which one you think he read best. Who will read your favorite passage again?
3. Understand this article as a whole
(1), we have a preliminary understanding of the article, do you think the article wrote two kinds of live horses?
The two kinds of horses described by Buffon have their own merits. Please come and enjoy the beautiful pictures of horses in real life. (Multimedia presentation) Please combine the author's description of horse life to decide whether you like domestic horses or wild horses. Give everyone a minute to prepare, like domestic horses to these two groups, like wild horses to these two groups, please state your reasons according to the sentence "I like horses because" and speak freely from now on:
Please sum up the main reasons why you like domestic horses in one or two words. (docile) The same requirement, please use the word happy wild horse to sum it up? (Freedom) (Teacher writes on the blackboard) This is also the most prominent feature of domestic horses and wild horses.
Just now we talked about our love for horses. Then, let's look at the text. What is the author's attitude towards these two kinds of horses? (Sympathy, praise) (Teacher's blackboard writing) also entrusted the author's social and political ideals and expressed his pursuit and transcendence of the spirit of freedom.
5. What did the author write when introducing the characteristics of domestic horses and wild horses? What is the function of (contrast)? (highlight the characteristics of things)
4, reading appreciation, trying to figure out the language.
Please draw a word or sentence that you think the author uses best in the text with wavy lines, and answer it with the sentence "I found it used very well"?
5. Guide cooperation and exploration.
"There are also some wild zoos around us for people to watch. Is its "wild" really wild? " Would you please discuss it in groups of four? So as to carry out ideological education, complete teaching key points, give full play to students' potential, promote students' development and motivate students' progress.
6. Expand migration (break through difficulties)
The teachers organized a knowledge contest about horses.
(1) The seats are divided into two groups: the Peace Corps and the Ordinary Corps, and the leaders of each group are elected.
(2) Select two staff members, a scorekeeper and a supervisor.
(3) The Division announces the rules of the game:
1. I have a lucky box with two lucky balls, one yellow and one white. For each question, please stand on both sides and touch the lucky ball in turn. Touch yellow first to answer the question, and then touch white to answer the question.
② The general answer is 10 second, and the topic is 60 seconds.
(3) If you fail to answer within the specified time, the other party will answer after 5 seconds of countdown.
The content of each question is read to each other by the captain who touches the white ball.
⑷ Multimedia display of knowledge contest questions about horse idioms, proverbs and poems.
5. Announce the results of the competition and give students a couplet (multimedia display) to motivate them.
The above comprehensive practical activities allow students to collect data independently first, and then complete small papers or investigation reports according to the sum of study groups, which is also the start of after-school activities in this class. I believe that we can definitely solve the key points and break through the difficulties. Successfully completed the teaching task.
7. Ask the students to talk about the gains of this class.
Conducive to the completion of teaching objectives.
8, homework arrangement
Although the voice of reducing the burden is very high at present, I think it is necessary to arrange the necessary homework. After all, Chinese class is the unity of instrumentality and humanity, and Chinese is the surname after all. So I ask my classmates to learn this lesson, and describe a little animal they like in a comparative way/to feel the company of human beings and animals, which is full of interest.