Brush, as a national treasure, is the most important writing tool in China's thousands of years of civilization history. So how do novices choose brushes? Brush structure: the brush consists of a pen head and a pen tube.
The nib is divided into tip, waist and root according to its length; According to the height of hair quality, it is divided into pre-pen hair, two pre-hair, cushion hair and fur. Types of brush: according to the size of the pen head, brush can be divided into large, medium and small characters; According to the stroke length, it can be divided into long front (soft front stores more ink), center and short front (just front stores less ink).
According to the texture of raw materials, it can be divided into hard hair (rabbit hair, wolf hair, etc. ), soft hair (wool, chicken feathers, etc. ) and doubled two brushes (the hard pen is the main hair and the soft hair is the auxiliary hair). According to the source, it can be divided into: tire brush, wolf brush, rabbit shoulder purple brush, deer brush, chicken brush, duck brush, brush, pig brush, mouse brush, tiger brush, ox ear brush and so on.
According to the shape, it can be divided into round type, pointed type and luxurious type. When choosing a pen, the pen tube should be straight, the nib should be conical, the nib should be firm, and there should be no moth-eaten hair removal.
Then soak the pen tip in water for about 2-3 mm, and squeeze this part into a flat shape. If the bristles are of the same length and arranged neatly, they can be dipped in water to restore the cone shape, and then gently draw a circle on the nail cover without splitting. There is no distortion.
Good elasticity is a good pen. .
2. What kind of bamboo is the brush bar made of?
The pen container, also called the pen tube, is the part where the pen is held by hand. The pen tube is made of bamboo, which is easy to obtain, light and practical, and cheap.
Bamboo tubes include: white bamboo tube, square bamboo tube, purple bamboo tube, brown bamboo tube, spotted bamboo tube, ChristianRandPhillips bamboo tube and whip bamboo tube.
White bamboo tube: refers to the general white bamboo, which is abundant in the vast southern region of China. The white bamboo tube cuts off the thin, knotted, solid and straight parts of the bamboo stem, and it is appropriate to use materials in winter, because bamboo is born in winter.
Being dormant for a long time, its bamboo is not easy to rot, deform and crack.
One-horned bamboo: One-horned bamboo is produced in Shaoxing, Zhejiang and Hangzhou. Bamboo stems are square, not thick, about 1-2.5 cm long, square white, which is rare. Except for the square, it is no different from ordinary white bamboo.
Purple bamboo tube: Purple bamboo is produced in Putuo Mountain, Hangzhou, Jiaxing, lakes and other places in Zhejiang. Bamboo is purplish red, from bamboo skin to bamboo core, and the bamboo pole is small, which is suitable for making pen tubes.
Brown bamboo tube: Brown bamboo is purple-black, with straight lines, flat, thin and tough. It is a perennial green shrubby bamboo, which is suitable for making fan bones and pen containers.
Spotted bamboo tube: Fine bamboo produced in Guangxi, Zhejiang, Fujian and other places, also known as Phyllostachys praecox, has a straight stem with grayish brown and grayish purple circular stripes, which can add natural charm to the pen tube.
Guan: It is produced in Hunan and other places. The bamboo skin is white and has purple-brown circular stripes. It is very beautiful. Legend has it that Shun had two queens, Eying and Wenshun, who died in Jiuyi Mountain, Hunan Province.
Tears dried up blood, and bamboo dripped into spots. Bamboo products in ChristianRandPhillips in Ming and Qing Dynasties are expensive, and there are imitations, which are called "hot princesses", that is, they burn spots on white bamboo with a soldering iron.
Whip bamboo tube: bamboo is short, short, curved and old, hence the name whip. With whip bamboo as the pen tube, it has a strange shape and is full of ancient meaning. Produced in Hubei, Hunan, Sichuan and other places.
Jade tube: Ancient jade pen tubes were all made of Hetian jade in Tianshan Mountain, Xinjiang, and were divided into white jade, sapphire, topaz, jasper, jet and other varieties. They are beautiful in color and good in quality, which can be treasured and appreciated, and are also very practical.
The tortoise shell is made of a rare and expensive material, that is, the black and yellow transparent shell of tortoise shell.
Paint spraying pipe, paint stripping pipe, paint repairing pipe, black paint gold pipe, colored paint gold pipe, etc. It's all painted pipes. Draw a picture on the paint pipe by carving, filling, picking and painting, which is beautiful and gorgeous.
Ivory tube, a pen made of ivory, is hard, white, delicate and precious.
Porcelain tube, pen container made of porcelain clay, glazed, fired at high temperature above 1300. Hard texture, not practical, but artistic value.
Wooden pipes include pens made of hardwood, ebony, nanmu, sandalwood and chicken wood. Most of them are produced in China, Guangdong, Sichuan and Yunnan. Most of the wood is hard and the patterns are beautiful. Some of them have special fragrance, and they are all good pen materials.
Enamel tube, made of copper, smooth, cloisonne, glazed and fired. The pen holder is thick, gorgeous and beautiful, and is often used as a fun pen or as a material for other pen tubes.
Rhinoceros tubes, that is, brush rods made of rhinoceros horns, are relatively rare, so they are more precious.
Pen-making in past dynasties not only emphasized practicality, but also paid attention to the material and decoration of the pen holder. Through different artistic techniques, such as inlay, carving, gold painting, glaze burning, etc., the carving is exquisite and colorful. The decorative patterns of the pen holder include Shuanglong, Shuangfeng, Dragon and Phoenix playing with pearls, Eight Immortals, Yunfeng, Cloud Bat, ancient money patterns, figures, landscapes, poems and so on. Most of them imply good luck and peace.
3. What are the materials of the brush shaft?
Brush barrel material
1 metal: gold, silver, copper and stainless steel pipes.
Wood: Penholder made of hardwood, ebony, nanmu and sandalwood. Most wood is hard and has beautiful patterns. Some wood has a special fragrance and is an excellent pen material.
3 bamboos; White bamboo tube, square bamboo tube, purple bamboo tube, brown bamboo tube, spotted bamboo tube, ChristianRandPhillips bamboo tube, whip bamboo tube, etc.
Animals: rhinoceros, ivory
Porcelain: blue and white, glaze red, pastel, etc.
6 plastic: plastic rod
7 others: jade, tortoise shell, enamel, etc.
How to choose a good writing brush
See if it meets the requirements of "sharp, neat, round and healthy".
A good brush should be selected according to four principles, which are called "four virtues of pen". It is the four elements of "sharp, neat, round and healthy". Sharp means writing should be sharp and neat, that is, the pen should be neat and round, that is, the periphery of the pen should be full and healthy, and the pen should be rich and flexible. In addition, the pen can be divided into long, medium and short, the pen holder should be straight, and the pen head should be firmly connected with the pen holder.
4. Who can introduce the knowledge of writing brush?
Brush is a traditional writing tool which originated in China. It is listed as one of Four Treasures of the Study in China. The picture shows several different brushes in the stationery store.
Brush originated around 1600- 1066 BC. There are different opinions about the origin of writing brush in history. The story of writing brush made by Montaigne is the most recorded in history, but modern scholars believe that writing brush existed before Montaigne.
The original brush was used to describe Oracle Bone Inscriptions's strokes, but the real brush writing may begin with the words on bamboo slips and tapestries.
The classification of brushes mainly depends on the size, as well as the type, source and shape of bristles.
* According to the size, brushes can be simply divided into: lower case, middle case and upper case.
* classified by bristles
Class O: soft brush, hard brush, double brush and so on.
O source: tire brush, wolf brush, rabbit shoulder brush, deer brush, chicken brush, duck brush, wool brush, pig brush, mouse brush, tiger brush, ox ear brush, etc.
O-shape: round, pointed, etc.
* Pen tube
O gold, silver, ivory, glass, red sandalwood, spotted bamboo
At present, the most famous origin of brush is the lake pen in Shanlian Town, Xing Wu County, Zhejiang Province, which is called the lake pen.
history
1954, a well-preserved writing brush was unearthed from the Chu tomb at Zuogongshan 15 in Changsha. Using wood as a pole and putting wool on it with a bamboo tube is the original writing brush. Legend has it that Meng Tian, a general in Qin Dynasty, invented the brush calligraphy, which first trapped wool in the pen tip and stuffed it into the hole of the pen holder. The improvement of Meng Tian's brush is of great significance to the formation of Xiao Zhuan. Unlike the big seal, the small seal has twists and turns, which are beyond the reach of hard objects. It should be written with a brush. Meng Tian was the ancestor of the pen-making industry in later generations. In the pre-Qin period, the brush had many names, such as "Yu", "Irregular" and "Fu", which were later collectively referred to as "Pen".
It is recorded in Miscellanies of Xijing that the brush used by Emperor Gaozu was inlaid with precious stones, which were made of autumn rabbit hair.
The painter's pen theory
Wen Zhenheng: Sharp, neat, round and healthy are the four virtues of writing.
* Zhang Daqian. Zhang Daqian said that a watercolor pen made in England is very valuable. It is made of fine hair from the ears of cattle in a certain place in England. Only 2500 cows can produce a catty of yellow cattle ears. The brush made of cow hair has strong water absorption and elasticity.
* Pan Tianshou: wool is round and delicate, with strong water content, and the pen tip is slow to write. It uses dry ink and wet ink, each with its own advantages.
5. What kind of bamboo is the brush bar made of?
The pen container, also called the pen tube, is the part where the pen is held by hand.
The pen tube is made of bamboo, which is easy to obtain, light and practical, and cheap. Bamboo tubes include: white bamboo tube, square bamboo tube, purple bamboo tube, brown bamboo tube, spotted bamboo tube, ChristianRandPhillips bamboo tube and whip bamboo tube.
White bamboo tube: refers to the general white bamboo, which is abundant in the vast southern region of China. The white bamboo tube cuts off the thin, knotted, solid and straight part of the bamboo stem, which is suitable in winter, because bamboo is dormant in winter, and its bamboo is not easy to be eaten, deformed and cracked.
One-horned bamboo: One-horned bamboo is produced in Shaoxing, Zhejiang and Hangzhou. Bamboo stems are square, not thick, about 1-2.5 cm long, square white, which is rare. Except for the square, it is no different from ordinary white bamboo.
Purple bamboo tube: Purple bamboo is produced in Putuo Mountain, Hangzhou, Jiaxing, lakes and other places in Zhejiang. Bamboo is purplish red, from bamboo skin to bamboo core, and the bamboo pole is small, which is suitable for making pen tubes.
Brown bamboo tube: Brown bamboo is purple-black, with straight lines, flat, thin and tough. It is a perennial green shrubby bamboo, which is suitable for making fan bones and pen containers. Spotted bamboo tube: Fine bamboo produced in Guangxi, Zhejiang, Fujian and other places, also known as Phyllostachys praecox, has a straight stem with grayish brown and grayish purple circular stripes, which can add natural charm to the pen tube.
Guan: It is produced in Hunan and other places. The bamboo skin is white and has purple-brown circular stripes. It is very beautiful. Legend has it that Shun had two concubines, Eying and Wenshun, who died in Jiuyi Mountain, Hunan Province, with tears and blood dripping from their eyes.
Bamboo products in ChristianRandPhillips in Ming and Qing Dynasties are expensive, and there are imitations, which are called "hot princesses", that is, they burn spots on white bamboo with a soldering iron. Whip bamboo tube: bamboo is short, short, curved and old, hence the name whip.
With whip bamboo as the pen tube, it has a strange shape and is full of ancient meaning. Produced in Hubei, Hunan, Sichuan and other places.
Jade tube: Ancient jade pen tubes were all made of Hetian jade in Tianshan Mountain, Xinjiang, and were divided into white jade, sapphire, topaz, jasper, jet and other varieties. They are beautiful in color and good in quality, which can be treasured and appreciated, and are also very practical. The tortoise shell is made of a rare and expensive material, that is, the black and yellow transparent shell of tortoise shell.
Paint spraying pipe, paint stripping pipe, paint repairing pipe, black paint gold pipe, colored paint gold pipe, etc. It's all painted pipes. Draw a picture on the paint pipe by carving, filling, picking and painting, which is beautiful and gorgeous.
Ivory tube, a pen made of ivory, is hard, white, delicate and precious. Porcelain tube, pen container made of porcelain clay, glazed, fired at high temperature above 1300.
Hard texture, not practical, but artistic value. Wooden pipes include pens made of hardwood, ebony, nanmu, sandalwood and chicken wood.
Most of them are produced in China, Guangdong, Sichuan and Yunnan. Most of the wood is hard and the patterns are beautiful. Some of them have special fragrance, and they are all good pen materials. Enamel tube, made of copper, smooth, cloisonne, glazed and fired. The pen holder is thick, gorgeous and beautiful, and is often used as a fun pen or as a material for other pen tubes.
Rhinoceros tubes, that is, brush rods made of rhinoceros horns, are relatively rare, so they are more precious. Pen-making in past dynasties not only emphasized practicality, but also paid attention to the material and decoration of the pen holder. Through different artistic techniques, such as inlay, carving, gold painting, glaze burning, etc., the carving is exquisite and colorful.
The decorative patterns of the pen holder include Shuanglong, Shuangfeng, Dragon and Phoenix playing with pearls, Eight Immortals, Yunfeng, Cloud Bat, ancient money patterns, landscapes of figures, poems and so on. Most of them imply good luck and peace.
6. How to practice the basic skills of brush calligraphy?
First, step by step Generally speaking, starting with strokes is more in line with the learning law; In the process of learning radicals and structures, we can further master the writing of strokes.
As far as the size of words is concerned, learn to write big characters first, and then learn to write small ones. Learning to write in block letters first has three advantages: 1, and block letters are thick and long. When writing, the steps of starting, writing and receiving are obvious, easy to understand and suitable for practice. If there is a sick pen, it is clear at a glance and easy to correct.
2, learn to write big characters first, which is conducive to exercising wrist strength and arm strength. 3. First learn to write the structure in block letters, and after mastering the basic rules of the structure, it is not difficult to narrow down the scope.
If you write in lower case first, it is easy to form the habit of formality, and if you enlarge it, you can't write well. Second, we must persevere.
Third, we should work hard outside the words.