1. Literary common sense of Yuan Opera
Yuan Opera originally came from the so-called "Fan Opera" and "Hu Le". It was first spread among the people and was called "Street Market Xiaoling" Or "village tune". As the Yuan Dynasty destroyed the Song Dynasty and took over the Central Plains, it spread in the vast north and south areas centered on Dadu (today's Beijing) and Lin'an (today's Hangzhou).
Yuan music has a strict metrical formula, and each piece of music has fixed format requirements in terms of sentence structure, word count, equivalence, etc. Although there is a fixed pattern, it is not rigid. It is allowed to add lining words in the fixed pattern, and some qupai can also add sentences. The rhyme is allowed to rhyme with flat and oblique rhymes. Compared with the quatrains and Song lyrics, it has greater flexibility.
Different characteristics of the early and late Yuan operas
1. The early period was the heyday of Yuan operas, and the writers were mainly active in Dadu, Pingyang and Dongping. Representative writers include Han Qing, Bai Pu, Ma Zhiyuan and Wang Shifu. There are 80 existing kinds of Yuan dramas belonging to the early period, and the famous tragedies were all produced in the early period.
1. The early dramas had strong characteristics of the times, truly reflected the social reality at that time, and created a series of vivid characters who had the courage to resist.
2. The language is based on the northern dialect and the spoken language of the Central Plains region, and absorbs the nutrition of folk speaking and singing art. It is simple, natural, vivid and spicy.
3. The combination with the stage is very close, fully demonstrating the vitality of art. This is the so-called true nature of the industry.
2. The creation of Zaju in the later period moved to Hangzhou. The writers who moved from the north to the south include Zheng Guangzu, Gong Tianting, Qiao Guang, and Qin Jianfu. The migration of important writers to the south was one of the reasons for the demise of Zaju creation. one.
1. Later works lack the reality of early creations. Love dramas, literati deeds dramas, and fairy and Taoist dramas have developed. At the same time, the artistic pursuit of gorgeous craftsmanship and twists and turns of plots has lost the simplicity of the early period. , rugged, simple and friendly charm.
2) After the writers moved south, the creation of dramas was separated from the soil on which it was produced and developed. In the coexistence with Nan Opera, changes gradually occurred, and the form of Zaju inevitably declined.
Extended information
The Four Great Masters of Yuan Opera refers to the four playwrights of the Yuan Dynasty, Guan Hanqing, Bai Pu, Zheng Guangzu and Ma Zhiyuan. The four represent the achievements of different genres of drama creation in different periods of the Yuan Dynasty, and are therefore known as the "Four Masters of Yuan Opera".
The four major tragedies of Yuan Opera are: "The Injustice of Dou E" by Guan Hanqing, "Rain in the Wutong" by Bai Pu, "Autumn in the Han Palace" by Ma Zhiyuan and "The Orphan of Zhao" by Ji Junxiang. There are four major love dramas in Yuan Opera: Guan Hanqing's "Moon Worship Pavilion", Wang Shifu's "The Romance of the West Chamber", Bai Pu's "The Horse on the Wall" and Zheng Guangzu's "A Chinese Story of a Chinese Girl Leaving the Soul". The four major southern operas are: Jing, Liu, Bai, and Sha: "The Story of Jing Chai", "The Story of the White Rabbit", "Moon Worship Pavilion" (not written by Guan Hanqing) and "The Story of Killing the Dog".
Guan Hanqing’s dramas have broad themes and rich contents. They mostly expose the ugliness and corruption of the dark forces in society, praise the people’s resistance spirit, especially young women, and permeate the profound depiction of reality with the spirit of democracy and humanitarianism. Thoughts shine. His representative works such as "The Injustice of Dou E", "Wangjiang Pavilion" and "Single Sword Club" have been performed for hundreds of years.
Bai Pu's "Wutong Rain" is based on Bai Juyi's "Song of Everlasting Sorrow", which describes the story of Emperor Ming of the Tang Dynasty and Concubine Yang. Its language is elegant, luxurious, colorful, and is the first of its kind in the literary style of Zaju.
Ma Zhiyuan's "Autumn in the Han Palace" is one of China's top ten classical tragedies. It tells the story of Zhaojun's departure from the fortress. It boldly changes the historical facts and creates the image of Wang Zhaojun as a patriot who puts national interests first. He criticized the stupidity and incompetence of the emperor's civil servants and generals.
Zheng Guangzu's works are mainly dramas describing the love life of men and women. He is known for his literary talent and elegant language. He was deeply influenced by Wang Shifu.
The arrangement and evaluation of these Yuan opera writers vary from person to person and from time to time. Zhong Sicheng's "Ghost Book" of the Yuan Dynasty listed Guan Hanqing as the first Zaju drama writer. Jia Zhongming called Guan Hanqing: "The leader of the pear garden, the chief editor of the Xiu division, and the head of the Zaju team." But in the early Ming Dynasty, Zhu Quan's "Taihe Zhengyin" However, Ma Zhiyun was the first to be praised by Ma Zhiyun, who believed that he should be ranked "above all the heroes", while Guan Hanqing was regarded as a "talent who can either go up or down".
Baidu Encyclopedia - Yuanqu
2. Looking for common knowledge about literature in the first grade of junior high school (a little more)
Classification and summary of common knowledge about culture and literature in junior middle school 1. Common metonymic words: 1. Sangzi: Hometown 2. Tao Li: Student 3. Sheji, Xuanyuan: Country 4. Nanguan: Prisoner 5. Classmate: Classmate 6. Beacon Smoke: War 7. Woman: Woman 8. Silk and Bamboo: Music 9. Man: Man 10. Chanjuan, Chang'e: moon 11, siblings: brothers 12, history: annals 13, husband and wife: husband and wife 14, white man, commoner: common people 15, stooped, yellow hair: old man 16, mulberry: farming 17, support, young daughter: child 18, Three feet: law 19. Beneath the knees: parents 20. Canopy: luck 21. Letters, slips, notes, wild geese, letters: letters 22. Temple: imperial court 2. Author's works: 1. Eight great masters of the Tang and Song Dynasties: Han Yu, Liu Zongyuan, Ouyang Xiu, Su Xun, Su Shi, Su Che, Wang Anshi, Zeng Gong 2. Han Yu and Liu Zongyuan are also called "Han Liu". They are the advocates of the ancient prose movement in the Tang Dynasty. 3. A father and son, three poets: Su Xun (Lao Su) ), Su Shi (Da Su), Su Che (Little Su). 4. The bold poets: Su Shi and Xin Qiji, collectively known as "Su Xin"; The graceful poets: Li Qingzhao (female poet) 5. Li Du: Li Bai , Du Fu. Xiao Li Du: Li Shangyin, Du Mu. 6. Qu Yuan: China's earliest great poet. He created the new poetry style "Chu Ci" and created the romantic style of Chinese poetry. 7. Confucius's surname was Qiu, and his courtesy name was Zhongni. , a native of Lu State in the Spring and Autumn Period, he was the founder of the Confucian school and was called the "Sage of Confucius". Mencius was called the "Sage of the Lesser", and both of them were called "Confucius and Mencius". 8. Su Shi praised Wang Wei for "in his poem There are paintings, and there are poems in the paintings." 9. Du Fu was a great realist poet in the Tang Dynasty. His poems reflected social reality extensively and profoundly, and were called the "history of poetry." Du Fu was also revered as the "Sage of Poetry" and had a famous The "Three Officials": "Tongguan Officials", "Shihao Officials", and "Xin'an Officials"; the "Three Farewells": "Newlywed Farewell", "Elderly Farewell", and "No Family Farewell". 10. The first movie in China The general history in the form of biographies is "Shi Ji" (also known as "Tai Shi Gong Shu"). The author is Sima Qian of the Han Dynasty. Lu Xun called "Shi Ji" "the swan song of historians, the unrhymed "Li Sao"". It includes: 12 Benjis, 30 Families, 70 biographies, 10 tables, 8 books, and 130 articles. 11. "Four Histories": "Historical Records", "Hanshu", "Later Hanshu", and "Three Kingdoms". 12. Four masters of Yuan opera: Guan Hanqing, Zheng Guangzu , Bai Pu, Ma Zhiyuan. 13. "Strange Stories from a Chinese Studio" is China's first collection of outstanding short stories in classical Chinese. The author is Pu Songling, a famous novelist in the Qing Dynasty. "Liao Zhai" is the name of his bookstore, "Zhi" means narrative, and "Zhi" means narrative. "Different" is a strange thing. 14. The four masters of calligraphy: Yan Zhenqing, Liu Gongquan, Ouyang Xun, Zhao Meng (fǔ) 15. The main schools and representatives of the Hundred Schools of Thought during the Warring States Period: Confucianism: Confucius, Mencius, Legalism: Han Feizi, Taoism: Zhuangzi, Liezi, Mohism: Mozi 16. The Four Great Masters of the Southern Song Dynasty: Lu You, Yang Wanli, Fan Chengda, You Miao 17. Frontier Poets: Gao Shi, Cen Shen, Wang Changling 18. Tang Zong: Tang Taizong Li Shimin Song Ancestor: Song Taizu Zhao Kuangyin Qin Emperor: Qin Shihuang Yingzheng Hanwu : Liu Che, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty 19. China’s first pastoral poet was Tao Yuanming (Tao Qian) of the Eastern Jin Dynasty. He “would not bend his waist for five buckets of rice.” 20. The four great misers in world literature: Grandet, Shylock, and Puliuxi Jin, Abagong. 21. The typical Chinese miser: Yan Jiansheng. 3. The best of Chinese literature: The earliest poetry collection is the Book of Songs; the earliest patriotic poet is Qu Yuan; the earliest pastoral poet is Tao Yuanming of the Eastern Jin Dynasty; The earliest and most outstanding frontier poets were Gao Shi and Cen Shen of the prosperous Tang Dynasty; the most outstanding bold poet in ancient times was Su Shi of the Northern Song Dynasty; the most outstanding female poet in ancient times was Li Qingzhao of the Southern Song Dynasty; the most famous patriotic poet in ancient times was Xin Qiji of the Southern Song Dynasty; the greatest romantic poet in ancient times was Li Bai of the Tang Dynasty; the greatest realist poet in ancient times was Du Fu of the Tang Dynasty; the patriotic poet who wrote the most poetry in ancient times was Lu You of the Southern Song Dynasty; the most famous long-form mythological novel in ancient times is "Journey to the West" by Wu Cheng'en in the Ming Dynasty; the most famous long historical novel in ancient times is "The Romance of the Three Kingdoms" by Luo Guanzhong in the early Ming Dynasty; the earliest story about the rise of peasants in ancient times
Yi's novel is "Water Margin" by Shi Naian in the late Yuan and early Ming Dynasties; the greatest realist novel in ancient times is "A Dream of Red Mansions" by Cao Xueqin in the Qing Dynasty; the most outstanding long satirical novel in ancient times is "The Scholars" by Wu Jingzi in the Qing Dynasty. "External History"; the most outstanding collection of classical Chinese short stories in ancient times is "Strange Stories from a Chinese Studio" by Pu Songling in the Qing Dynasty; the earliest ancient quotation-style prose is "The Analects of Confucius"; the earliest ancient chronicle-style history book with detailed records is "Zuo Zhuan"; the earliest ancient ancient history book The most outstanding general history in the form of biographies is "Historical Records"; the most outstanding inscription in ancient times is "Inscription on the Humble House" by Liu Yuxi of the Tang Dynasty; the greatest modern writer is Lu Xun; the most outstanding modern novel is "Midnight" by Mao Dun; the most influential modern novel The short story collection is "The Scream" by Lu Xun. 4. Cultural knowledge: 1. The Four Heroes of the Early Tang Dynasty: Wang Bo, Yang Jiong, Lu Zhaolin, and King Luo Bin. 2. The Three Kingdoms: Wei, Shu, and Wu. 3. "Four Classical Masterpieces": "A Dream of Red Mansions" ", "Romance of the Three Kingdoms", "Water Margin", "Journey to the West". 4. "Four Folk Legends": "The Cowherd and the Weaver Girl", "Liang Shanbo and Zhu Yingtai", "Meng Jiangnu", "The Legend of the White Snake". 5. The world The four short story masters: Chekhov, Maupassant, Mark Twain, and O. Henry. 6. Su Shi's prose represents the highest achievement of Northern Song Dynasty prose, and his poems are called "Su Huang" together with Huang Tingjian. 7. Ma Zhiyuan's representative works of prose "Tianjingsha·Autumn Thoughts" is known as the "ancestor of Autumn Thoughts". 8. Cao Xueqin "read it for ten years, adding and deleting five times" to create the greatest realistic work "A Dream of Red Mansions" (also known as "The Story of the Stone") among Chinese classical novels. "), it has been widely circulated since its publication and was deeply loved by people. A discipline specializing in the study of the book has also emerged - "Red Studies". "Red Studies" has now become an important topic in the study of world literature. 9. Lu Xun The founder of modern Chinese literature, Chen Yi is known as the "marshal poet"; Zang Kejia is known as the "earth poet" because most of his poems are about rural themes; Tian Jian is hailed as the "drummer of the times" (drum poet) by Wen Yiduo . 10. The three friends of winter: pine, bamboo, and plum. 11. The four gentlemen of flowers: plum, orchid, bamboo, and chrysanthemum. 12. The four friends of the scholar: piano, chess, calligraphy, and painting. 13. The four treasures of the study: pen, ink, and paper , Inkstone. 14. Sikuquanshu: Jing, Shi, Zi, Ji. 15. The "Six Meanings" of "The Book of Songs" refer to: Feng, Ya, Song (classification), Fu, Bi, Xing (expression technique). 16. Tang Poetry , Song lyrics, Yuan operas, Ming and Qing novels. 17. Laurel, Aotou, first place, question.
3. Literary common sense of Yuan dramas
The minimum fee is 0.27 yuan/day to become a member of Baidu Library, and you can view the full content in the library;
Original publisher: Wang Yixia
Knowledge related to Yuan Zaju Yuan Zaju is the opera of the Yuan Dynasty. Zaju, originally a general name, means all kinds of plays. Zaju was first used in the late Tang Dynasty. Although the name of Zaju existed in the Song and Jin dynasties, it included singing and dancing, comedy performances, juggling, speaking and singing, and other skills. It was still not a pure drama. By the Yuan Dynasty, it developed into a true Yuan Dynasty drama based on the "Zaju" of the previous generation. He flourished in the late thirteenth century and formed a miracle in the history of literature and art in our country. Zaju in the Yuan Dynasty is an art form that combines performance, speaking, singing, music, and dance. Each book is usually divided into four folds, generally divided according to the beginning, development, climax and end of the plot. Sometimes for the needs of the plot, "wedges" are added in addition to the four folds. Some are interspersed in the middle of the script, equivalent to the cutscenes in modern dramas, and some are placed at the beginning of the drama, equivalent to the prologue of modern dramas. At the end of each Zaju, there are two, four or eight lines of poetry summarizing the content of the whole play, which is called "title rectification". The lyrics of Yuan dramas account for a large proportion, and the music requirements are strict. Each episode is composed of several pieces of music connected to the same tune (melody). The tune remains the same regardless of compromise. The drama script consists of three parts: singing (singing), Bai (speaking, dialogue), and Ke (action, expression). The whole play is usually sung by the main actor, and other characters are sung. The main role is usually "Zheng Dan" or "Zheng Mo", so the script is divided into "Dan Ben" or "Mo Ben". The characters in Yuan dramas are generally divided into four categories: Mo, Dan, Jing and Za. At the end of the year, he mostly played middle-aged men. Zhengmo refers to the male protagonist in the play. Dan, playing the role of a woman. Zhengdan refers to the heroine in the play.
Jing plays a character with a strong or rough personality, commonly known as Hua Lian. Za, playing the role of errands, common people and other characters. Structure: Yuan dramas generally perform a complete story in four volumes, and some have five, six, or multiple volumes. Fold is the unit of music organization and the development of the storyline
4. What are the common sense of Chinese literature
There are many, too many: 1. The first female poet: Cai Yan (also known as Cai Wenji) 2. The first female poet: Li Qingzhao 3. The first pastoral poet: Tao Yuanming in the Eastern Jin Dynasty 4. The first great patriotic poet: Qu Yuan 5. The first writer to be awarded the title of People's Artist: Lao She 6. The first writer to open up the realm of fairy tales: Ye Shengtao 7. The first quotation-style work: The Analects of Confucius 8 The first biographical general history: Shiji 9. The first chronological history: Spring and Autumn Period 10. The first country-specific history: Guoyu 11. The first chronological history: Hanshu 12. The first dictionary: Erya 13. The first dictionary: Shuowen Jiezi 14. The first encyclopedia: Yongle Dadian 15. The first collection of poetry is: The Book of Songs 16 . The first collection of myths: The Classic of Mountains and Seas 17. The first collection of classical Chinese novels about people: Shishuoxinyu 18. The first collection of classical Chinese novels about strange people: Searching for Gods 19. The first collection of personal short stories in classical Chinese: Liaozhai Zhiyi 20. The first short story in the history of new literature: Diary of a Madman 21. The first romantic mythological novel: Journey to the West 22. The first full-length satirical novel: The Scholars 23. The first military book: Sun Tzu's Art of War 24. The first anthology: Zhaoming Anthology 25. The first long narrative poem: The Peacock Flies Southeast 26. The first historical essay focusing on personal words and deeds: Yan Zi Chunqiu 27. The first literary criticism monograph: Cao Pi - Classical Theory? Essay 28 The first 29. The first reportage work is: Xia Yan - Bao Shengong 29. The first collection of records of the words and deeds of counselors, counselors and disciples: Warring States Policy 30. The first monograph of literary theory criticism: Liu Xie/Wen Xin Diao Long 31. The first monograph of poetry theory and criticism: Zhong Rong - Poetry 32. The first comprehensive academic work written in notebook style for popular science: Northern Song Dynasty? Shen Kuo - Mengxi Bi Tan 33. The first diary style travel note: Ming Dynasty? Xu Hongzu/Xu Xiake's Travel Notes 34. The first introduction Translations of the Theory of Evolution: Yan Fu's translation of Huxley's/Tian Evolution 2: 1. Articles about two Sima of the Western Han Dynasty: Sima Qian and Sima Xiangru 2. The Great Li Du: Li Bai and Du Fu 3. The Little Li Du: Li Shangyin and Du Mu 4. The modern Chinese literary world Gemini Constellation: Lu Xun and Guo Moruo 5. The two major representatives of Confucianism are: Confucius and Mencius, who are revered as the Supreme Sage and the Lesser Sage respectively.
6. During the Kaiyuan Tianbao period of the Tang Dynasty, there were two major schools of poetry: frontier poems represented by Gao Shi and Cen Shen, vigorous and heroic pastoral poems represented by Wang Wei and Meng Zai, and tranquil and simple poetry 7. Song Ci is divided into two schools: bold and unrestrained, and graceful: the former is represented by Su Shi and Xin Qiji, the latter is represented by Liu Yong, Zhou Bangyan, and Li Qingzhao. 8. The May Fourth New Culture Movement held high two banners: opposing the old ethics and promoting new morality and opposing the old literature. , advocating new literature 9. The authors of the two "Diary of a Madman" are: Russia's Gogol and China's Lu Xun 10. The Double Bibi of Yuefu: Mulan's poem "The Peacock Flying Southeast" plus "Qin Fu Yin" are the three unique features of Yuefu 11 . Double Bis in Historiography: Shiji Zizhi Tongjian 12. The second beat: the first moment is surprising, the second moment is surprising 13. The two major outstanding schools in the pre-Qin period are: Confucianism and Mohism 14. The two major epics in world literature: The Iliad and the Odyssey III: 1 . Three Dynasties: Xia, Shang and Zhou 2. Three Religions: Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism 3. Three Kingdoms: Wei, Shu and Wu 4. Three Colors: Red, Green and Blue 5. Suihan Three Friends: Pine, Bamboo and Plum 6. Three Kings: Xia, Yu, Shang, Tang and Zhou Gong 7. Three Cao : Cao Cao, Cao Pi, Cao Zhi 8. Three Yuans of Public Security: Yuan Zongdao, Yuan Hongdao, Yuan Zhongdao 9. Three Sus: Su Xun, Su Shi, Su Zhe 10. Three Graves: Fuxi, Shennong, and Huangdi 11. Three Bans and Fathers and Sons: Ban Biao, Ban Gu, and Ban Zhao 12. Three Thanks in the Southern Dynasties: Xie Lingyun, Xie Huilian, Xie Tiao 13. Three major contemporary prose writers: Liu Baiyu, Yang Shuo, Qin Mu 14. Three Qin Dynasties: King Yong, King Sai, King Qu 15. Three Mountains: Abbot Yingzhou of Penglai 16. Three Wus: Wu County, Wuxing, Kuaiji (Danyang) 17 .Three Chus: Gangling, Southern Chu, Wudong Chu, Pengcheng, and Western Chu 18. Three ancient buildings in the south of the Yangtze River: Hunan Yueyang Tower, Wuchang Yellow Crane Tower, Nanchang Tengwang Pavilion 19. Three armies: upper, middle, lower, left, middle, right, sea, land and air 20. Three auxiliaries: left Feng Yi, right Fufeng Jing Zhao Yin 21. Three Biography of the Spring and Autumn Period: Zuo Zhuan Gongyang Zhuan Gu Liang Zhuan 22. Three Words: A Ming Yan to Tell the World and a Warning Word to Awaken the World. 23. Confucian Classics Three Rites: Zhou Rites and Rites 24. Three Officials: Xin'an Officials Shi Hao Li Tong Guan Li 25. Three Farewells: Newly Married Farewell, Elderly Farewell, Homeless Farewell 26. Guo Moruo: Goddess Trilogy: Rebirth of the Goddess, Flowers of Hunan Fruit and Tangdi 27. Mao Dun: Eclipse Trilogy: Disillusionment, Shaken Pursuit of the Countryside Three Parts: Spring Silkworms, Autumn Harvest, and End of Winter 28. Ba Jin: Love Trilogy: Fog, Rain, and Electric Torrent Trilogy: Family Spring and Autumn 29. Lu Xun’s Three Collections of Short Stories: A New Compilation of Screaming Wandering Stories 30. Gorky’s Autobiography Three The parts are: Childhood in the World, My University 31. Three Histories: Historical Records, Hanshu, and Later Hanshu 32. Three Books: Weishu, Shushu, and Wushu (posterity combined them into one book called the Three Kingdoms) 33. Zuo Si’s Three Capitals Fu refers to: Fu on the capital of Shu (Chengdu) Fu on the capital of Wu (Nanjing) Fu on the capital of the Wei (Ye) 34. Three natures (Tailao): cattle, sheep and pigs used for sacrifice 35. Zheng Banqiao’s three unique skills: painting, poetry and calligraphy 36. Three miserly people: Old Grandet, Shylock and Plyushkin 37. The first of the three tripods in the imperial examination: the second best scholar in the rankings 38. The three immortals: establishing virtue and meritorious deeds 39. The three quintessences of China: Peking Opera, Chinese Medicine, Chinese Painting 40. The Three Treasures of Buddhism: Buddha (Great Knowledge and Enlightenment) ) Dharma (the teachings taught by the Buddha) Sangha (the person who inherits or promotes the teachings) 41. Buddhist Tripitaka: always talks about the fundamental teachings as sutras; describes the precepts as laws; expounds the teachings as theory 42. Trinity: same place and time The same, the plot is consistent 43. Three Hundred Thousand Fingers: Three-Character Classic of Hundreds of Surnames Thousand-Character Classic 43. Three Volts: First Voltage, Middle Voltage, Last Voltage 45. Three Dukes: Zhou Dynasty: Sima Situ Sikong Western Han Dynasty: Prime Minister Taiwei Yushi Dafu Qingming: Taishi, Taifu, Taibao 46. Scientific examination of three elements: rural examination, palace examination, interpretation of Yuanhui, number one scholar 47. Three obediences and four virtues: Three obediences: Before marrying, obeying father; Gong (morality, speech, manners, and manners for female workers) 48. Three Cardinal Principles and Five Constant Principles: The Three Cardinal Principles: The Father is the Son, the Group is the Minister, the Husband is the Wife, the Five Constant Principles: Benevolence, Righteousness, Properity, Wisdom, and Faith 49. Three Tombs and Five Codes: Three Tombs: Fuxi, Shennong, and Huangdi Five Codes: Shaohao and Zhuanxu Gao Xin Tang Yao Yu Shun 50. Three Emperors and Five Emperors: Three Emperors: Fu Xi Sui Ren Shennong Five Emperors: Huang Di Zhuan Suo Emperor Ku Yao and Shun 51. Three Mountains and Five Sacred Mountains: Three in the East China Sea
Immortal Mountain: Abbot Penglai of Yingzhou, Five Mountains: Dongyue Taishan, South Mountain Hengshan, West Yue Huashan, North Mountain Hengshan, Zhongyue Songshan 52. Three nuns and six women: Three nuns: nuns, Taoist nuns, Gua gu and six women: matchmaker, tooth woman, pious woman, medicine woman, midwife, master woman (witch) 53. Three provinces Six Departments: Three Provinces: Zhongshu Province (decision-making) Menxia Province (deliberation) Shangshu Province (execution) Six Departments: Officials, Households, Rites, Soldiers, Punishments and Works 54. Three Religions and Nine Streams: Three Religions: Confucianism, Taoism, and Buddhism Nine Streams: Confucianism, Taoism, Yin and Yang, Dharma, Mingmo, Zongheng Zaonong Four: 1. Four Books: The Analects of Doctrine and Mencius 2. Sikuquanshu: Collection of Classics and History 3. Four Histories: Historical Records, Hanshu and Later Hanshu, Chronicles of the Three Kingdoms 4. Four major classical novels: Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Water Margin.
5. Some simple literary common sense
Literary common sense
1. The first female poet is: Cai Yan (Wen Ji)
2. The first biographical general history: Shiji
3. The first dictionary is: Erya
4. The first big encyclopedia is: Yongle Dadian
5. The first collection of poetry is: The Book of Songs
6. The first anthology: Zhaoming Selected Works
7. The first dictionary: Shuowen Jiezi
8. The first collection of myths: The Classic of Mountains and Seas
9. The first collection of novels by people in classical Chinese: Shishuoxinyu
10. The first collection A collection of novels in classical Chinese: Sou Shen Ji
11. The first quotation-style work: The Analects of Confucius
12. The first chronological history book is: Spring and Autumn Period
13. The first chronological history: Hanshu
14. The first military book: Sun Tzu's Art of War
15. The article Two Sima of the Western Han Dynasty: Sima Qian. Sima Xiangru
16. Yuefu Shuangbi: Mulan's poem "The Peacock Flying Southeast" is added to "Qin Women's Song". .
.
.. 17. The Double Jewel of Historiography: A Comprehensive Guide to Historical Records
18. The second beat: the first moment is surprising, the second moment is surprising (Ling Mengchu)
19. Big Li Du: Li Bai, Du Fu, Little Li Du: Li Shangyin, Du Mu
20. The Gemini Constellation of modern Chinese literary circles: Lu Xun and Guo Moruo
21. Three Immortals: Establishing one’s virtues, meritorious deeds, and speech
p>
22. Three Dynasties: Xia, Shang and Zhou
23. Three Biography of "Spring and Autumn": Zuo Zhuan Gongyang Zhuan Gu Liang Zhuan
24. Three Kings: Xia, Yu and Shang Tang Zhougong
25. Three Mountains: Abbot Yingzhou of Penglai
26. Three Religions: Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism
27. Three Lords: Zhou Dynasty, Sima Situ and Sikong
In the Western Han Dynasty, the Prime Minister Taiwei Yushi Dafu
In the Qingming Dynasty, the Taishi Taifu Taibao
28. Three Cao: Cao Cao, Cao Pi, Cao Zhi
29. The Three Public Security Bureaus: Yuan Zongdao, Yuan Hongdao, and Yuan Zhongdao
30. The Three Ancient Buildings in the South of the Yangtze River: Hunan Yueyang Tower, Wuchang Yellow Crane Tower, Nanchang Tengwang Pavilion
31. Three Friends of the Cold: Pine, Bamboo and Plum
p>32. The three assistants: Feng Yi on the left, Fufeng Jingzhao on the right
33. Three yuan of scientific examination: provincial examination, general examination, palace examination and the first place in the self (Jie Yuan, Hui Yuan , No. 1)
34. Three tripods in the imperial examination: No. 1 and second place in the rankings
35. China’s three quintessences: Peking Opera, Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chinese Painting
36. Three words: Metaphor A clear warning to the world and an eternal word to wake up the world (Feng Menglong)
37. Three Confucian classics: Zhou Rites and Rites
38. Three officials: Xin'an officials, Shihao officials, and Tongguan officials
39. Three Farewells: Farewell to newlyweds, farewell to old age and homelessness
40. Guo Moruo's "Goddess" Trilogy: The Rebirth of the Goddess and the Flowers of Hunan Fruit and Tangdi
41. Mao Dun's "Eclipse" Trilogy: Disillusionment and Wavering Pursuit
Rural Trilogy: Spring Silkworms, Autumn Harvest and Remaining Winter
42. Ba Jin's "Love" Trilogy: Fog Yudian
"Riptide" Trilogy: Family Spring and Autumn
43. The first history of a country: Guoyu
44. The first part records the advisers and strategists A special collection of the words and deeds of disciples: National Policy and Warfare
45. The first historical essay dedicated to personal words and deeds: Yan Zi Chunqiu
46. The first great patriotic poet: Qu Yuan
p>47. The first long narrative poem: The Peacock Flies Southeast (357 lines, 1785 words)
48. The first literary criticism monograph: "Classic Theory Essay" (Cao Pi)
p>49. The first pastoral poet: Eastern Jin Dynasty, Tao Yuanming
50. The first monograph on literary theory and criticism: "The Literary Mind and the Carving of Dragons" by Liu Xie, a Liang native in the Southern and Northern Dynasties
51. The first monograph on poetry theory and criticism: "Shi Pin" by Zhong Rong, a Liang native in the Southern and Northern Dynasties
52. The first popular science work, a comprehensive academic work written in notebook style: Shen Kuo of the Northern Song Dynasty "Mengxi Bi Tan"
53. The first diary travelogue: "Xu Xiake's Travels" written by Xu Hongzu in the Ming Dynasty
54. The first female poet, also known as "a generation of poets" "Zong": Li Qingzhao